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ASTM A990-05

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service

Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings specially processed with restricted melt practices, weldability testing, and nondestructive examination (NDE) requirements.
1.2 A number of grades of iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings are included in this specification. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-resistant characteristics.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2005
ICS
77.120.40 - Nickel, chromium and their alloys
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.18 - Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A990-03 - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service
Effective Date
01-Mar-2005
Replaced By
ASTM A990-06 - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service
Effective Date
01-Sep-2006

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ASTM A990-05 - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive ServiceASTM A990-05 - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service
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ASTM A990-05 - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 990 – 05
Standard Specification for
Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially
Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive
1
Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* A 488/A 488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-
fication of Procedures and Personnel
1.1 This specification covers iron-nickel-chromium and
A 494/A 494M Specification for Castings, Nickel and
nickel alloy castings specially processed with restricted melt
Nickel Alloy
practices, weldability testing, and nondestructive examination
A 703/A 703M Specification for Steel Castings, General
(NDE) requirements.
Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
1.2 Anumber of grades of iron-nickel-chromium and nickel
A 743/A 743M Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium,
alloy castings are included in this specification. Since these
Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General
grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service in
Application
corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser
A 744/A 744M Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-
to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selection will
Nickel, Corrosion-Resistant, for Severe Service
depend on design and service conditions, mechanical proper-
A 802/A 802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-
ties, and corrosion-resistant characteristics.
tance Standards, Visual Examination
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
A 903/A 903M Specification for Steel Castings, Surface
are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text,
Acceptance Standards, Magnetic Particle and Liquid Pen-
theSIunitsareshowninparentheses.Thevaluesstatedineach
etrant Inspection
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
two systems may result in nonconformance with this specifi-
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
cation.
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1
E 186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 ⁄2-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in. [51 to 114-mm]) Steel Castings
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E 272 Reference Radiographs for High-Strength Copper-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Base and Nickel-Copper Alloy Castings
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
E 280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 ⁄2 to
2. Referenced Documents
12-in. [114 to 305-mm]) Steel Castings
2
E 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
[51 mm] in Thickness
A 351/A 351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic,
3
2.2 AWS Standards:
Austenitic-Ferritic(Duplex),forPressure-ContainingParts
AWS A5.4, Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
Shielded Metal Arc Welding
of Steel Products
AWS A5.9, Specification for Bare Stainless Steel Welding
Electrodes and Rods
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, AWS A5.11, Specification for Nickel and Nickel Alloy
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A01.18 on Castings.
AWSA5.14, Specification for Nickel and NickelAlloy Bare
Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originally
Welding Electrodes and Rods
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 990–03.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from The American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,
the ASTM website. Miami, FL 33126.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A990–05
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
3.2.2 refined ingot, n—metal processed by argon-oxygen-
Element, % decarburization (AOD) or vacuum-oxygen-decarburization
Grade
(max, except where range is given)
(VOD) and cast to a size and shape suitable for remelting.
CW-2M CN3MCu M35-1
3.2.3 re
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of nickel alloys is primarily intended to test material for compliance with compositional specifications such as those under jurisdiction of Committee B02. It may also be used to test compliance with other specifications that are compatible with the test method.  
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SCOPE
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Application Range (Mass Fraction, %)  
Aluminum  
0.005-6.00  
Boron  
0.001-0.10  
Carbon  
0.005-0.15  
Chromium  
0.01-33.00  
Copper  
0.01-35.00  
Cobalt  
0.01-25.00  
Iron  
0.05-55.00  
Magnesium  
0.001-0.020  
Manganese  
0.01-1.00  
Molybdenum  
0.01-35.00  
Niobium  
0.01-6.0  
Nickel  
25.00-100.0  
Phosphorous  
0.001-0.025  
Silicon  
0.01-1.50  
Sulfur  
0.0001-0.01  
Titanium  
0.0001-6.0  
Tantalum  
0.01-0.15  
Tin  
0.001-0.020  
Tungsten  
0.01-5.0  
Vanadium  
0.0005-1.0  
Zirconium  
0.01-0.10  
1.2 The following elements may be determined using this method.    
Element  
Quantification Range (Mass Fraction, %)  
Aluminum  
0.010-1.50  
Boron  
0.004-0.025  
Carbon  
0.014-0.15  
Chromium  
0.09-20.0  
Cobalt  
0.05-14.00  
Copper  
0.03-0.6  
Iron  
0.17-20  
Magnesium  
0.001-0.03  
Manganese  
0.04-0.6  
Molybdenum  
0.07-5.0  
Niobium  
0.02-5.5  
Phosphorous  
0.005-0.020  
Silicon  
0.07-0.6  
Sulfur  
0.002-0.005  
Tantalum  
0.025-0.15  
Tin  
0.001-0.02  
Titanium  
0.025-3.2  
Tungsten  
0.02-0.10  
Vanadium  
0.005-0.25  
Zirconium  
0.01-0.05  
1.3 This method has been interlaboratory tested for the elements and quantification ranges specified in 1.2. The ranges in 1.2 indicate intervals within which results have been demonstrated to be quantitative. It may be possible to extend this method to other elements or different composition ranges provided that a method validation study as described in Guide E2857 is performed and that the results of this study show that the method extension is meeting laboratory data quality objectives. Supplemental data on other elements not included in the scope are found in the supplemental data tables of the Precision and Bias section.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazard statements are given in Section 9.  
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ASTM G28-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion in Wrought, Nickel-Rich, Chromium-Bearing Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The boiling ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test may be applied to the following alloys in the wrought condition:    
Alloy  
Testing Time, h  
N06007  
120  
N06022  
24  
N06030  
120  
N06059  
24  
N06200  
24  
N06455  
24  
N06600  
24  
N06625  
120  
N06686  
24  
N06985  
120  
N08020  
120  
N08367  
24  
Alloy  
Testing Time, h  
N08800  
120  
N08825A  
120  
N10276  
24(A) While the ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test does detect susceptibility to inter- granular corrosion in Alloy N08825, the boiling 65 % nitric acid test, Practices A262, Practice C, for detecting susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in stainless steels is more sensitive and should be used if the intended service is nitric acid.  
3.2 This test method may be used to evaluate as-received material and to evaluate the effects of subsequent heat treatments. In the case of nickel-rich, chromium-bearing alloys, the test method may be applied to wrought and weldments of products. The test method is not applicable to cast products.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover two tests as follows:  
1.1.1 Method A, Ferric Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid Test (Sections 3 – 10, inclusive)—This test method describes the procedure for conducting the boiling ferric sulfate—50 % sulfuric acid test which measures the susceptibility of certain nickel-rich, chromium-bearing alloys to intergranular corrosion (see Terminology G193), which may be encountered in certain service environments. The uniform corrosion rate obtained by this test method, which is a function of minor variations in alloy composition, may easily mask the intergranular corrosion components of the overall corrosion rate on alloys N10276, N06022, N06059, and N06455.  
1.1.2 Method B, Mixed Acid-Oxidizing Salt Test (Sections 11 – 18, inclusive)—This test method describes the procedure for conducting a boiling 23 % sulfuric + 1.2 % hydrochloric + 1 % ferric chloride + 1 % cupric chloride test which measures the susceptibility of certain nickel-rich, chromium-bearing alloys to display a step function increase in corrosion rate when there are high levels of grain boundary precipitation.  
1.2 The purpose of these two test methods is to detect susceptibility to intergranular corrosion as influenced by variations in processing or composition, or both. Materials shown to be susceptible may or may not be intergranularly corroded in other environments. This must be established independently by specific tests or by service experience.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—Some desired corrosion rate units in 8.1.1 are given in inch-pound units.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning statements are given in 5.1.1, 5.1.3, 5.1.9, 13.1.1, and 13.1.11.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E1473-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Cobalt, and High-Temperature Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the chemical analysis of nickel, cobalt, and high-temperature alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum  
0.005  
to  
7.00  
Beryllium  
0.001  
to  
0.05  
Boron  
0.001  
to  
1.00  
Calcium  
0.002  
to  
0.05  
Carbon  
0.001  
to  
1.10  
Chromium  
0.10  
to  
33.00  
Cobalt  
0.10  
to  
75.00  
Copper  
0.01  
to  
35.00  
Iron  
0.01  
to  
50.00  
Lead  
0.001  
to  
0.01  
Magnesium  
0.001  
to  
0.05  
Manganese  
0.01  
to  
3.0  
Molybdenum  
0.01  
to  
30.0  
Niobium (Columbium)  
0.01  
to  
6.0  
Nickel  
0.10  
to  
98.0  
Nitrogen  
0.001  
to  
0.20  
Phosphorus  
0.002  
to  
0.08  
Sulfur  
0.002  
to  
0.10  
Silicon  
0.01  
to  
5.00  
Tantalum  
0.005  
to  
1.00  
Tin  
0.002  
to  
0.10  
Titanium  
0.01  
to  
5.00  
Tungsten  
0.01  
to  
18.00  
Vanadium  
0.01  
to  
3.25  
Zinc  
0.001  
to  
0.01  
Zirconium  
0.01  
to  
2.50  
1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated as follows:    
Aluminum, Total by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method
(0.20 % to 7.00 %)  
53 to 60  
Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method
(0.018 % to 1.00 %)  
91 to 100  
Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method
(0.10 % to 33.00 %)  
101 to 109  
Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange-Potentiometric Titration Method
(2 % to 75 %)  
25 to 32  
Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method
(0.10 % to 5.0 %)  
33 to 42  
Copper by Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method
(0.010 % to 10.00 %)  
43 to 52  
Iron by the Silver Reduction Titrimetric Method
(1.0 % to 50.0 %)  
118 to 125  
Manganese by the Metaperiodate Spectrophotometric Method
(0.05 % to 2.00 %)  
8 to 17  
Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange—8-Hydroxyquinoline
Gravimetric Method (1.5 % to 30 %)  
110 to 117  
Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method
(0.01 % to 1.50 %)  
79 to 90  
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method
(0.1 % to 84.0 %)  
61 to 68  
Niobium by the Ion Exchange—Cupferron Gravimetric Method
(0.5 % to 6.0 %)  
126 to 133  
Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 5.00 %)  
18 to 24  
Tantalum by the Ion Exchange—Pyrogallol Spectrophotometric
Method (0.03 % to 1.0 %)  
134 to 142  
Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %)  
69 to 78  
1.3 Other test methods applicable to the analysis of nickel alloys that may be used in lieu of or in addition to this method are E1019, E1834, E1835, E1917, E1938, E2465, E2594, E2823.  
1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in ...

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ASTM
ASTM B924-02(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Nickel Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins

ABSTRACT
This specification covers seamless and welded nickel alloy tubing with either or both external and internal surfaces have been modified by cold forming. The cold forming process produces an enhanced surface for improved heat transfer in the tubing that makes these ideal for use in surface condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and other similar heat transfer apparatus. The material properties and manufacturing conditions of the seamless and welded materials should conform accordingly.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 describes seamless and welded nickel alloy tubing on which the external or internal surface, or both, has been modified by a cold forming process to produce an integral enhanced surface, for improved heat transfer. The tubes are used in surface condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and similar heat transfer apparatus in unfinned end diameters up to and including 1 in. (25.4 mm).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portion only: Section 10 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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