ASTM D5823-00

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Designation:D5823–00
Standard Test Method for
Tuft Height of Pile Floor Coverings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5823; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tuft height
using a grooved specimen holder. It applies to cut-pile and
loop-pile floor covering after adhesive backing has been
applied to bond the pile yarn to the backing fabric.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard for all measurements. The inch-pound values are
provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ad = cutpile tuft element
gj = loop pile tuft element
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ab, cd, ef, gh, ij, jk = tuft legs
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cd, ef = cut pile tuft leg pair
ij, jk = loop pile tuft leg pair, a loop
2. Referenced Documents
B = one binding site
FIG. 1 Cross Section of Tufted Pile Yarn Floor Covering
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textile Materials
4. Summary of Test Method
D 1909 Table of Commercial Moisture Regains for Textile
4.1 For cut pile floor covering, individual tuft leg specimens
Fibers
of like character (either cut or loop and of uniform height) are
E 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate a
cut as closely as possible to the surface of the backing of a pile
Measure of Quality for a Lot or Process
floor covering sample and placed, one at a time, in a grooved
3. Terminology
specimen holder that maintains the tuft yarn in a straight line
while the length of the tuft leg is measured using a graduated
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 tuft height, n—for pile yarn floor covering, the length scale and a magnifying glass.
4.2 For loop pile floor covering, the two tuft legs forming
of a tuft leg.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The terms tuft height, pile height, and the loop are each severed from the adjacent binding sites at the
backing surface to provide a specimen of twice the tuft height
pile thickness are often confused due to the similarity of the
terminology. Procedures for measurement of these properties and the length measured as in 4.1.
are distinctly different and should not be interchanged. See
5. Significance and Use
Annex A1 for an explanation of the differences.
5.1 This test method is useful in quality and cost control
3.1.2 tuft leg, n—for pile yarn floor covering, one of the two
during the manufacture of pile yarn floor covering. Both
portions of a tuft element that projects above the backing fabric
appearance and performance can be affected by changes in the
on the pile side of the floor covering (see Fig. 1).
tuft height.
3.1.3 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
method, refer to Terminology D 123.
reported test results when using this test method for acceptance
testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the sup-
plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on Pile Floor Coverings.
a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statis-
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2000. Published October 2000. Originally
tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.
published as D 5823–95. Last previous edition D 5823–96.
2 As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and are from a
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D5823
lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens lab samples 3 m (10 ft) wide or wider, take three test samples,
should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each one at each edge no nearer to the edge than 5 % of the total
laboratory for testing. The average results from the two floor covering width, and one in the middle portion of the lab
laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for sample. For lab samples at least 1.5 m (5 ft) wide but less than
unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the
3 m (10 ft), take two test samples, one at each edge no nearer
two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its to the edge than 5 % of the total floor covering width. For lab
cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the
samples less than 1.5 m (5 ft) wide, only one test sample in the
suppliermustagreetointerpretfuturetestresultsinviewofthe middle of the width is required.
known bias.
7.3.1 Where it is known that systematic variations in a floor
covering characteristic may occur in bands 0.5 m (18 in.) or
6. Apparatus
more in width, as with modular pattern devices having separate
6.1 Grooved Specimen Holder,havingalengthatleast10 %
controls or adjustments for each module, or individual needle
longer than the longest tuft element to be measured.
control, take test samples from the middle of each band and in
6.1.1 Specimen Holder, 100-mm (4-in.) long, has been
the same area of the pattern.
found satisfactory for this purpose.
7.3.2 When a full width lab sample is not available, take a
6.1.2 The grooves shall have a V-shaped cross-section with
test sample as directed in 7.3 and state in the report the width
a 1.05 rad (60°) angle at the bottom and widths across the top
available and the number of test specimens taken.
to accommodate several size yarns as follows:
7.4 Strip Sample— From each test sample, take a strip
Yarn Bulk Groove Widths
Coarse 4.6 mm (0.18 in.) sample approximately 63 by 250 mm (2.5 by 10 in.), with the
Medium 3.3 mm (0.13 in.)
longer dimension parallel to the manufacturing direction.
Fine 2.0 mm (0.08 in.)
7.5 Test Specimens— Test 10 tufts from each strip sample.
6.1.3 Additional grooves of intermediate width may also be
used.
8. Conditioning
6.2 Tuft Cutting Device, angled flush wire cutter, having
3 8.1 Condition and maintain the strip samples in the standard
blades approximately 10-mm ( ⁄8-in.) long, angled 0.44 to 0.61
atmosphere for testing textiles, 21 6 1°C (70 6 2°F) and 65 6
rad (25 to 35°) to the plane of the handles and ground flush so
2 % relative humidity, for4hor until the mass changes no
as to permit cutting at the back surface.
more than 0.1 % in 2 h.
6.3 Graduated Scale, clear or opaque, measuring to the
8.2 If the fiber in any layer of the backing has a commercial
nearest 0.5 mm (0.01 in.).
regain of more than 5 %, the strip sample shall be conditioned
6.4 Magnifying Glass,53 magnification.
before measuring. Commercial moisture regains for textile
6.5 Cover Plates, clear plastic or glass.
fibers are listed in the Table in D 1909.
7. Sampling
7.1 Lot Sample—The basic sampling unit of coated floor 9. Procedure
covering is a shipping roll. The number of shipping rolls
9.1 Cut ten tuft legs of each kind of tuft, cut or loop, to be
obtained from each production roll ranges from one to more
measured from the strip samples. Choose the tuft legs to take
than ten.
a nearly equal number of tuft legs of each kind from each strip
7.1.1 Take a lot sample as directed in Practice E 122 when
sample. Sever the leg of each selected tuft leg or loop as close
statistical knowledge of the product variability and test method
to the backing surface as possible with the angled flush wire
precision is available, and decision
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