ASTM B353-00

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Designation: B 353 – 00
Standard Specification for
Wrought Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Seamless and
Welded Tubes for Nuclear Service (Except Nuclear Fuel
Cladding)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 353; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
TABLE 1 ASTM and UNS Number Designations for
1. Scope
Reactor Grade Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys
1.1 This specification covers seamless and welded wrought
Grade UNS Number
zirconium and zirconium-alloy tubes for nuclear application.
Reactor-grade zirconium R60001
Nuclear fuel cladding is covered in Specification B 811.
Zirconium-tin alloy R60802
1.2 Five grades of reactor grade zirconium and zirconium
Zirconium-tin alloy R60804
Zirconium-niobium alloy R60901
alloys suitable for nuclear application are described.
Zirconium-niobium alloy R60904
1.2.1 The present UNS numbers designated for the five
grades are given in Table 1.
1.3 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion mass
2 G 2 Test Method for Corrosion Testing of Products of
gain in mg/dm , the values stated in either inch-pound or SI
Zirconium, Hafnium, and Their Alloys in Water at 680°F
units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
or in Steam at 750°F
stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each
G 2M Test Method for Corrosion Testing of Products of
system must be used independently of the other. SI values
Zirconium, Hafnium and Their Alloys in Water at 633K or
cannot be mixed with inch-pound values.
in Steam at 673K [Metric]
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
2.2 ANSI Standard:
test method portions of this specification. This standard does
ANSI B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness)
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
3. Terminology
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
3.1.1 dimensions, , n—tube dimensions are outside diam-
to use.
eter, inside diameter, and wall thickness. Only two of these
2. Referenced Documents parameters may be specified in addition to length, except
minimum wall may be specified with outside and inside
2.1 ASTM Standards:
diameter. In each case, ovality and wall thickness variation
B 350 Specification for Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy
2 (WTV) may be specified as additional requirements.
Ingots for Nuclear Application
3.1.2 hydride orientation fraction, Fn, , n—the ratio of
B 811 Specification for Wrought Zirconium Alloy Seamless
2 hydride platelets oriented in the radial direction to the total
Tubes for Nuclear Reactor Fuel Cladding
3 hydride platelets in the field examined.
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
3.1.3 lot size, n—a lot shall consist of all tubes of the same
E 21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests
3 dimension, shape, condition, and finish produced from the
of Metallic Materials
same ingot by the same reduction schedule and heat treatment.
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4 The final heat treatment shall be in the same furnace charge (if
Determine Conformance with Specifications
a batch furnace is used) or in the same furnace run (if a
E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
3 continuous-type furnace is used).
Size
3.1.4 mill finish tubes, , n—tubes that have received all
finishing operations subsequent to final anneal, which poten-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
tially affects tube mechanical, dimensional, or surface condi-
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloysand is the direct responsibility of
tion. These operations include, but are not limited to, pickling,
Subcommittee B10.02on Zirconium and Hafnium.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2000. Published January 2001. Originally
published as B 353 – 60 T. Last previous edition B 353 – 95.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 353
cleaning, outer and inner surface abrasive conditioning, and 4.2 In addition to the information in 4.1, the following
straightening. points of agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser
3.1.5 ovality, , n—the difference between the maximum and should be specified in the purchase order as required:
minimum diameter, either outer or inner, as determined at any
4.2.1 Filler metal requirements for welded tubes (Paragraph
one transverse cross section of the tube.
5.4),
3.1.6 wall thickness variation (WTV), , n—the difference
4.2.2 Oxygen concentration limits in R60001, R60802,
between maximum and minimum wall thickness measured at
R60804, and R60904 (Section 6),
any one transverse cross section of the tube.
4.2.3 Specimen temperature(s) during mechanical testing
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Measurement of ovality and WTV
(Section 7),
made by a helical scan with a pitch not exceeding 0.25 in. (6.5
4.2.4 Method of determining yield strength if other than
mm) shall be considered as equivalent to “at any one cross
0.2 % offset method (Section 7),
section of the tube.”
4.2.5 Initial gage length of mechanical test samples for
determining elongation after rupture (Table 2, Footnote D),
4. Ordering Information
4.2.6 Tensile property requirements for conditions or tem-
4.1 Purchase orders for material covered in this specifica-
peratures not listed in Table 2 (Section 7),
tion should include the following information to describe
4.2.7 Location of the inside diameter plugs in elevated
adequately the desired material:
temperature short-time tension test, when specified (see Table
4.1.1 Quantity,
2, Footnote D, and Paragraph 7.1.3),
4.1.2 Grade (see Table 1), and name of material,
4.2.8 Burst properties (Paragraph 7.2),
4.1.3 Condition (recrystallized or stress relieved),
4.1.4 Dimensions, length, and tolerance,
4.2.9 Post burst test measurement technique (Annex A1),
4.1.5 Method of manufacture (seamless or welded),
4.2.10 Sample condition and visual standards for corrosion
4.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue,
test when specified (Section 9),
4.1.7 Surface finish on the inside (ID) and the outside (OD)
4.2.11 Hydride orientation test procedure, measurement
surfaces (Ra (in micro-inches or micrometres), unless other-
technique, magnification of photomicrograph, and limiting
wise stated),
values for Fn (Section 11 and Annex A2),
4.1.8 Surface condition on the inside (ID) and outside (OD)
4.2.12 General test requirements and test plan for samples
surfaces (as pickled, abraded, etc.), and ends (as-saw cut,
(Section 13),
machined/chamfered, sheared, etc.), and
4.2.13 Hydrostatic test requirements (Section 12),
4.1.9 Mutually agreed-upon inspection standards in accor-
4.2.14 Contractile strain ratio acceptance criteria, when
dance with 10.1.2.2 and 10.1.2.3.
specified (Paragraph 7.3 and Annex A4),
NOTE 1—A typical order description may read as follows: 1000 pieces
4.2.15 Retest sampling plan and requirements (Section 14),
of seamless zirconium-alloy tube OD abraded and ID pickled, Grade
4.2.16 Quantity variance (Section 16),
R60804, recrystallized, ⁄4 in. outside diameter by 0.035 in. wall by 10-ft
4.2.17 Certificate of test (Section 18), and
lengths in accordance with ASTM B353-XX. Surface finish to be__ OD,
4.2.18 Special packing instructions (Section 19).
__ ID.
A,B,C,D,E,F
TABLE 2 Minimum Tensile Properties of Tubing Tested in the Longitudinal Direction
C,F
Test Temperature Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength Minimum 0.2 % Yield Strength
Minimum
Material Condition
Elongation, %
°F (°C) psi (MPa) psi (MPa)
R60001 RT RT 42 000 (290) 20 000 (140) 25
BB B B B
Recrystallized 572 (300)
R60802, R60804 RT RT 60 000 (415) 35 000 (240) 20
BB B B B
Recrystallized 572 (300)
BB B B B
R60802, R60804 RT (RT)
BB B B B
Cold-worked and Stress-relieved 572 (300)
R60901, R60904 RT (RT) 65 000 (450) 45 000 (310) 20
BB B B B
Recrystallized 572 (300)
R60901, R60904 RT (RT) 103 000 (710) 70 000 (485) 12
Cold-worked and Stress-relieved 572 (300) 69 500 (480) 48 000 (330) 12
A
The strength of zirconium alloys is a function of their metallurgical condition, alloy content, and impurity level, especially oxygen. The strength values listed above are
for alloys that contain oxygen concentrations in the range 900 to 1400 ppm. For alloys with other oxygen concentrations, the tensile properties are to be agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
B
To be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
C
The tensile test is to be carried out at one or more of the temperatures listed in Table Table 2 (or at another temperature) as agreed upon between the manufacturer
and purchaser. If one of the above temperatures is selected, the minimum properties shall be as listed for that temperature. If a different temperature is selected, the
minimum properties shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
D
Paragraph 6.9.1 in Test Methods E 8 allows small diameter tubes to be tested as full size tubular sections with snug-fitting metal plugs inserted into the ends of the
tube to permit proper gripping by the test machine jaws, as shown in Fig. 11 in Test Methods E 8. Specimens for the testing of large diameter tubes are cut from the wall
of the tube and are to satisfy the requirements of Figs. 12 and 13 in Test Methods E 8.
E
The properties in this table apply to tubes 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) outside diameter and larger, and 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) wall and thicker. Mechanical properties of tubes
outside these limits are to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
F
“RT” represents room temperature; Note 4 in Test Methods E 8 and E 8M indicates that RT shall be considered to be 50 to 100°F (10 to 38°C) unless otherwise
specified. Paragraph 9.4.4 in Test Methods E 21 states that for the duration of the test, the difference between the indicated temperature and the nominal test temperature
is not to exceed 65°F (3°C) for tests at 1800°F (1000°C) and lower, and 610°F (6°C) for tests at higher temperatures.
B 353
5. Materials and Manufacture chemical composition prescribed in Table 3. The purchaser
shall specify the grade desired.
5.1 Material covered by this specification shall be made
6.2 Analysis shall be made using standard methods. In the
from ingots produced by multiple vacuum arc melting, electron
event of disagreement as to the chemical composition of the
beam melting or other melting processes conventionally used
metal, methods of chemical analysis for referee purposes shall
for reactive metals; all melting is to be carried out in furnaces
be determined by a mutually acceptable laboratory.
usually used for reactive metals.
6.3 The ingot analysis made in accordance with Specifica-
5.2 The tubes shall be made by a process approved by the
tion B 350 shall be considered the chemical analysis for
purchaser.
material produced to this specification except for oxygen,
5.3 Seamless tubes may be made by any method that will
hydrogen, and nitrogen content which shall be determined on
yield a seamless product that meets the requirements of this
the finished product. Alternatively, the material may be
specification. One such method is extrusion of billets with
sampled at an intermediate or final size during processing with
subsequent cold working by; drawing, swaging, or rocking,
the same frequency and in the same positions relative to the
with intermediate anneals until the final dimensions are
ingot as specified in Specification B 350 to determine the
reached.
composition, except for hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which
5.4 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturer
shall be determined on the final product.
and purchaser, welded tubing shall be made from flat-rolled
6.4 Product Analysis—Product analysis is an analysis made
products by an automatic or semiautomatic welding process
for the purpose of verifying the composition of the lot. The
with no addition of filler metal in the welding operation. Other
product analysis tolerances reflect the variation between labo-
methods of welding, such as the addition of filler metal or hand
ratories in the measurement of chemical composition. The
welding, may be employed if approved by the purchaser and
permissible variation in the product analysis from the specifi-
tested by methods agreed upon between the manufacturer and
cation range is as listed in Table 4.
the purchaser. If filler wire is used, it must meet the chemical
6.4.1 Number of Tests—Two samples for each 4000 lb
requirements of the appropriate grade as shown in Table 3.
(1800 kg) or fraction thereof of the product shall be analysed
Welded tube is normally cold reduced to the desired dimen-
for hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen. The location of the samples
sions by such methods as drawing, swaging, or rocking. The
may be random, or as agreed between the manufacturer and
manufacturer must prevent contamination during welding by
purchaser.
use of proper precautions.
6. Chemical Composition 7. Mechanical Properties
6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements for 7.1 Tensile Properties
TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements
Composition, Weight %
Element
UNS R60001 UNS R60802 UNS R60804 UNS R60901 UNS R60904
Tin . 1.20–1.70 1.20–1.70 . .
Iron . 0.07–0.20 0.18–0.24 . .
Chromium . 0.05–0.15 0.07–0.13 . .
Nickel . 0.03–0.08 . . .
Niobium (columbium) . . . 2.40–2.80 2.50–2.80
AA A A
Oxygen 0.09–0.13
Iron + chromium + nickel . 0.18–0.38 . . .
Iron + chromium . . 0.28–0.37 . .
Maximum Impurities, Weight %
Aluminum 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075
Boron 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005
Cadmium 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005
Carbon 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027
Chromium 0.020 . . 0.020 0.020
Cobalt 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020
Copper 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
Hafnium 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010
Hydrogen 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025 0.0010
Iron 0.150 . . 0.150 0.150
Magnesium 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020
Manganese 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
Molybdenum 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
Nickel 0.0070 . 0.0070 0.0070 0.0070
Nitrogen 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080
...