ASTM A657/A657M-03(2008)e1

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: A657/A657M −03(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Specification for
Tin Mill Products, Black Plate Electrolytic Chromium-
Coated, Single and Double Reduced
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA657/A657M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Editorial changes made to Note 1 and Note 2 in October 2008.
1. Scope* D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-
tivity of Water
1.1 This specification covers single- and double-reduced tin
mill black plate electrolytically coated with chromium and
3. Ordering Information
chromium oxide. The steel is furnished in coils and cut lengths
for use in the manufacture of cans, closures, crowns, and other
3.1 Orders for product under this specification shall include
products.
the following information, as required and applicable, to
adequately describe the desired product:
1.2 This specification is applicable to orders in either
3.1.1 Name of product (include whether single- or double-
inch-pound units (as A657) which is supplied in thicknesses
reduced),
from 0.0050 to 0.0149 in. or in SI units [as A657M] which is
3.1.2 Thickness (must be consistent with intended
supplied in thicknesses from 0.127 to 0.378 mm.
application),
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to
3.1.3 Oiling (Section 6),
be regarded as standard.Within the text, the SI units are shown
3.1.4 Steel type (MR, L, etc.),
in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact
3.1.5 Temper designation (T-3, T-4, etc. for single-reduced)
equivalents. Therefore, each system must be used indepen-
or mechanical designation (DR-8, DR-9, etc., double-reduced),
dently of the other. Combining values from the two systems
3.1.6 Surface finish (7B, 7C, etc.).
may result in nonconformance with this specification.
3.1.7 Coil width or cut size,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.8 Rolling direction must be specified on cut sizes and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
should be indicated by underlining the slit (rolling width)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dimension,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.9 On coils, specify minimum or range of acceptable
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
inside diameters. The standard inside diameter is approxi-
2. Referenced Documents
mately 16 in. if ordered as Specification A657 [410 mm if
ordered as Specification A657M]. Coils should be specified to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
a maximum coil weight if ordered as Specification A657 [mass
A623 Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Require-
if ordered as Specification A657M], or maximum outside
ments
diameter, or both.
A623M Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Re-
3.1.10 Packaging,
quirements [Metric]
3.1.11 Special requirements where applicable, and,
A700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-
ods for Steel Products for Shipment 3.1.12 ASTM specification designation and year of issue.
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description for coils is as follows: 1250
base boxes, single reduced, black plate electrolytic chromium coated,
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
DOS, (0.0093 in.) MR,T-3 BA, 35 ⁄8 in. by coil, 16 in. inside diameter, 59
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
in. maximum outside diameter, 25 000 lb maximum coil weight, for
A01.20 on Tin Mill Products.
regular crowns in accordance with Specification A657/A657M - XX. [250
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
SITAS, single reduced, black plate electrolytic chromium coated, DOS,
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A657/A657M – 03.
0.235 mm thickness, MR, T-3 BA, 513, 900 mm by coil, 410 mm inside
DOI: 10.1520/A0657_A0657M-03R08E01.
diameter, 1500 mm maximum outside diameter, 11 500 kg maximum coil
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mass for regular crowns in accordance with Specification A657/
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on A657M - XX].
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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A657/A657M − 03 (2008)
NOTE 2—Atypical ordering description of cut sizes is as follows: 1000
4.2.1.2 From one- or two-coil lots, sample each coil. A
base boxes, double reduced black plated electrolytic chromium coated,
minimum of three randomly selected test strips shall represent
BSC, 0.0061 in., MR, DR8 CA, 31 by 32 in., for cap closures in
the lot.
accordance with Specification A657/A657M - XX. [200 SITAS, double
4.2.2 Cut Lengths—When the purchaser wishes to make
reduced, black plate electrolytic chromium coated, DOS, 0.155 mm
tests to ascertain compliance with the requirements of this
thickness,MR,DR8CA,788by813mm,capclosuresinaccordancewith
Specification A657/A657M - XX].
specification for metallic chromium and chromium oxide
weights [mass] on a specification of electrolytic chromium-
NOTE 3—The production of coils does not afford the same opportunity
coated steel in cut sizes, use the following procedure:
for inspection, grading, and sorting as does the production of cut sizes.
4.2.2.1 Take one sheet at random from each 50 packages, or
Accordingly, appropriate processing and quality-control procedures are
part thereof, with a minimum of three different sample sheets,
required by the purchaser to obtain optimum utilization of the material.
each taken from different bundles from any one item of a
Cut sizes are line inspected visually and mechanically during production.
Sheets having surface imperfections that will not interfere with their specific shipment. Spot test each sample at three positions
utilization are included.
across the rolling direction of the sheet (edge, center, edge).
Spot samples are customarily disks or squares, each of 4 in.
NOTE 4—Tin mill products are supplied on an area basis expressed in
[25.8 cm ] in area. In order to secure representative samples,
base boxes. In coils, the number of base boxes is computed from the
take edge specimens so that the outer edge of the sample is at
measured length and the specified width. In cut sizes, the number of base
least 1 in. [25 mm] from either edge of the sheet. The average
boxes is computed from the specified length and width dimensions and
sheet count. For calculating weight, the density of steel for tin mill valueofallspottestsonallsheetstestedrepresentstheaverage
products is 0.2836 lb/in. [Tin mill products are supplied on an area basis
coating-weight (mass) test value.
expressed in SITAS. In coils, the number of SITAS is computed from the
4.3 Determination of Chromium Coating Weights
measured length and the specified width. In cut sizes, the number of
SITAS is computed from the specified length and width dimensions and
[Masses]—Typical method for determining metallic chromium
sheet count. For calculating mass, the density of steel for tin mill products
and chromium oxide weights [masses] for electrolytic
is 7850 kg/m ].
chromium-coated steel is described in Annex A1, Annex A2,
Annex A3, and Fig. A1.1 and Fig. A3.1.
4. Chromium Coating Weights [Masses]
5. Surface Appearance and Finish
4.1 Total Coating is made up of chromium metal and
chromium oxides. These are determined separately.
5.1 Single-Reduced Base Metal Finish—Single-reduced
4.1.1 Metallic Chromium is expressed as milligrams of
electrolyticchromiumcoatedsteelisproducedwithgroundroll
chromium metal per square foot [milligrams of chromium per
finishes and shot-blasted roll finishes as follows:
square metre] on each side of the sheet or strip.
5.1.1 Ground Roll Finishes:
Average 5.1.1.1 7B—Asmooth finish that may contain fine grit lines.
Nominal Min Max
This finish is specified for special applications.
2 2 2 2 2 2
mg/ft [mg/m ] mg/ft [mg/m ] mg/ft [mg/m ]
5.1.1.2 7C—A smooth finish with grit lines. The surface
5 [54] 3 [32] 13 [140]
roughness will range from 10 to 25 µin. Ra [0.254 to 0.635 µm
4.1.2 Chromium Oxide is expressed as milligrams of chro-
Ra]. This is the standard finish for tin mill products.
miumintheoxidepersquarefoot[milligramsofchromiumper
5.1.2 Blasted and/or Otherwise Textured Roll Finishes:
square metre] as shipped on each side of the sheet or strip.
5.1.2.1 5C—A shot-blasted finish (SBF) for general appli-
Average
cations.Thesurfaceroughnesswillrangefrom30to60µin.Ra
Min, Max,
2 2 2 2 [0.760 to 1.52 µm Ra].
mg/ft [mg/m ] mg/ft [mg/m ]
0.7 [8] 2.5 [27] 5.1.2.2 5D—A shot-blasted finish for special applications.
4.2 Sampling for Chromium Coating Weights [Masses]: 5.2 Double-Reduced Base Metal Finish—Double-reduced
electrolytic chromium-coated steel is produced only with
4.2.1 Coils—When the purchaser wishes to make tests to
ground-roll finishes.
ascertain compliance with the requirements of this specifica-
5.2.1 Ground Roll Finishes:
tion for metallic chromium and chromium oxide weights
5.2.1.1 7C—A smooth finish with grit lines. The surface
[masses]onalotofanyspecificitemofelectrolyticchromium-
roughness will range from 6 to 25 µin. Ra [0.152 to 0.635 µm
coated steel in coils, use the following procedure:
Ra]. This is the standard finish for tin mill products.
4.2.1.1 Take one test strip at random from a representative
section of each coil across its width. Select a minimum of three
6. Oiling
test strips, each taken from different coils from any one item of
a specific lot. Spot test each test strip at three positions (edge,
6.1 Electrolytic Chromium-Coated Steel is furnished with
center, edge) across the rolling direction of the strip. Spot an extremely thin oil film on both surfaces to minimize
samples are customarily disks or squares, each of 4 in. [25.8
abrasion in shearing, coiling or uncoiling, shipping, and
cm ] in area. In order to secure representative samples, take handling. Acetyl tributylcitrate, butyl stearate or dioctyl (di(2-
samples so that the outer edge of the sample is at least 1 in. [25
ethylhexyl) sebacate) is used. Surface active agents such as
mm] from either edge of the test strip. The average value of all glycerol monooleate may be incorporated into the oil film. Oil
spot tests on all test strips represents the average coating-
film other than normal should be negotiated with the producer.
weight [mass] test value. The oil film is not a drawing lubricant.
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A657/A657M − 03 (2008)
6.1.1 Unless indicated by the purchaser, the special oiling obtain optimum utilization of the material. Cut lengths are line
treatment will be left to the discretion of the plate supplier. inspected visually and mechanically during production. Sheets
6.1.2 Weight [mass] of oil film as applied by the plate having surface imperfections that will not interfere with their
supplier normally ranges from approximately 0.10 g/base box utilization are included.
to 0.40 g/base box [0.50 to 200 g/SITA (5 to 20 mg/m )].
Specific aim ranges required for particular end uses and
8. General Requirements for Delivery
handling practices may be furnished as agreed upon by the
8.1 Product furnished under this specification shall conform
purchaser and supplier.
to the applicable requirements of the latest edition of Specifi-
cation A623 [A623M], unless otherwise provided herein.
7. Workmanship and Quality Level Requirements
7.1 The production of coils does not afford the same
9. Keywords
opportunity for inspection, grading, and sorting as does the
9.1 chromium coated; coated steel sheet; tin mill products
production of cut lengths.Accordingly, appropriate processing
and quality-control procedures are required by the purchaser to
ANNEXES
(Mandatory Information)
A1. METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF METALLIC-CHROMIUM COATING WEIGHT (MASS) ON
CHROMIUM-PLATED TIN-FREE STEEL
A1.1 Scope A1.3.3 Ammonium Persulfate Solution (30 %)—Dissolve
30gofammoniumpersulfate(NH ) S O )in100mLofwater.
4 2 2 8
A1.1.1 This method is applicable to the determination of
2 2 This solution should be prepared fresh each day.
from 1 to 15 mg Cr/ft [10.8 to 161 mg Cr/m ] of surface in
chromium-plated tinfree steel (TFS). A1.3.4 Chromium, Standard Solution (1 mL = 0.02 mg
Cr)—Dissolve 0.2828 g of dry, primary standard grade potas-
A1.2 Principle sium dichromate (K Cr O ) in distilled water and dilute to 500
2 2 7
mLin a volumetric flask.This solution contains 0.2 mg Cr/mL.
A1.2.1 The oxide layer is removed chemically with a hot
Pipet a 100-mL aliquot of this stock solution to a 1-L
sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. The metallic chromium is
volumetric flask and dilute to volume with distilled water. This
then electrostripped at a current of from 10 to 20 mAwith 1 N
dilute standard contains 0.02 mg Cr/mL.
NaOH solution as the electrolyte. The stripping solution after
acidification is then analyzed for chromium by oxidation with A1.3.5 Diphenylcarbazide Solution (0.24 %)—Dissolve
ammonium persulfate (NH ) S O ) followed by photometric 0.25 g of diphenylcarbazide in 95 mLof acetone.Add 5 mLof
4 2 2 8
determination with diphenylcarbazide. glacial acetic acid, mix well, and store in a refrigerator until
used.
A1.3 Reagents
A1.3.6 Oxide Stripping Solution (Hot (90°C) 10 N NaOH
A1.3.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall Solution)—Dissolve 200 g of NaOH pellets in 400 mLof water
be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended and dilute to 500 mL. Prepare as needed.
that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the
A1.3.7 Silver Nitrate Solution (2 %)—Dissolve2gof silver
Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical
nitrate(AgNO )in100mLofwater.Keepprotectedfromlight.
Society, where such specifications are available. Other grades
A1.3.8 Sodium Hydroxide (Electrolyte) Solution (1 N)—
may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is
Dissolve 40 g of NaOH pellets in 1000 mL of distilled water.
of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening
the accuracy of the determination.
A1.3.9 Sulfuric-Phosphoric Acid Mixture— Cautiously add
200 mL of sulfuric acid (H SO ) to 500 mL of distilled water.
2 4
A1.3.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, refer-
Mix well and cool. Slowly add 300 mL of 85 % phosphoric
ences to water shall be understood to mean distilled water or
acid (H PO ),
...