ASTM C293-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)
Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the modulus of rupture of specimens prepared and cured in accordance with Practices C 31 or C 192. The strength determined will vary where there are differences in specimen size, preparation, moisture condition, or curing.
The results of this test method may be used to determine compliance with specifications or as a basis for proportioning, mixing and placement operations. This test method produces values of flexural strength significantly higher than Test Method C 78 (Note 1).
Note 1—The testing laboratory performing this test method may be evaluated in accordance with Practice C 1077.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural strength of concrete specimens by the use of a simple beam with center-point loading. It is not an alternative to Test Method C 78.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI equivalent of inch-pound units has been rounded where necessary for practical application.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C293–08
Standard Test Method for
Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With
1
Center-Point Loading)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C293; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* mined will vary where there are differences in specimen size,
preparation, moisture condition, or curing.
1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural
3.2 The results of this test method may be used to determine
strength of concrete specimens by the use of a simple beam
compliance with specifications or as a basis for proportioning,
with center-point loading. It is not an alternative to Test
mixing and placement operations. This test method produces
Method C78.
values of flexural strength significantly higher than Test
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Method C78 (Note 1).
as standard. The SI equivalent of inch-pound units has been
rounded where necessary for practical application.
NOTE 1—The testing laboratory performing this test method may be
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the evaluated in accordance with Practice C1077.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Apparatus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4.1 The testing machine shall conform to the requirements
of the sections on Basis of Verification, Corrections, and Time
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Interval Between Verifications of Practices E4. Hand operated
2. Referenced Documents
testing machines having pumps that do not provide a continu-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: ous loading to failure in one stroke are not permitted. Motor-
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test ized pumps or hand operated positive displacement pumps
Specimens in the Field having sufficient volume in one continuous stroke to complete
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using a test without requiring replenishment are permitted and shall
Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading) be capable of applying loads at a uniform rate without shock or
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete interruption.
Test Specimens in the Laboratory 4.2 Loading Apparatus—The mechanism by which forces
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens are applied to the specimen shall employ a load-applying block
C1077 Practice for Laboratories Testing Concrete and Con- and two specimen support blocks. It shall ensure that all forces
crete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for are applied perpendicular to the face of the specimen without
Laboratory Evaluation eccentricity. A diagram of an apparatus that accomplishes this
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines purpose is shown in Fig. 1.
4.2.1 All apparatus for making center-point loading flexure
3. Significance and Use
tests shall be similar to Fig. 1 and maintain the span length and
3.1 This test method is used to determine the modulus of central position of the load-applying block with respect to the
rupture of specimens prepared and cured in accordance with
support blocks constant within 60.05 in. (61.3 mm).
Practices C31/C31M or C192/C192M. The strength deter- 4.2.2 Reactions shall be parallel to the direction of the
applied load at all times during the test, and the ratio of the
horizontal distance between the point of load application and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
nearest reaction to the depth of the beam shall be 1.5 62%.
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.2.3 The load-applying and support blocks shall not be
C09.61 on Testing for Strength.
1
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008. Published February 2008. Originally
more than 2 ⁄2 in. (64 mm) high, measured from the center or
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C293 – 07. DOI:
the axis of pivot, and shall extend at least across the full width
10.1520/C0293-08.
2 of the specimen. Each hardened bearing surface in contact with
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM the specimen shall not depart from a plane by more than 0.002
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
in. (0.05 mm) and shall be a portion of a cylinder, the axis of
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C293–07 Designation:C293–08
Standard Test Method for
Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With
1
Center-Point Loading)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 293; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural strength of concrete specimens by the use of a simple beam with
center-point loading. It is not an alternative to Test Method C 78.
1.2 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.TheSIequivalentofinch-poundunitshasbeenrounded
where necessary for practical application.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 31/C 31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C 78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
C 192/C 192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C 617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C 1077 PracticeforLaboratoriesTestingConcreteandConcreteAggregatesforUseinConstructionandCriteriaforLaboratory
Evaluation
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is used to determine the modulus of rupture of specimens prepared and cured in accordance with Practices
C 31 or C 192. The strength determined will vary where there are differences in specimen size, preparation, moisture condition,
or curing.
3.2 The results of this test method may be used to determine compliance with specifications or as a basis for proportioning,
mixing and placement operations.This test method produces values of flexural strength significantly higher thanTest Method C 78
(Note 1).
NOTE 1—The testing laboratory performing this test method may be evaluated in accordance with Practice C 1077.
4. Apparatus
4.1 The testing machine shall conform to the requirements of the sections on Basis of Verification, Corrections, and Time
Interval Between Verifications of Practices E 4. Hand operated testing machines having pumps that do not provide a continuous
loadingtofailureinonestrokearenotpermitted.Motorizedpumpsorhandoperatedpositivedisplacementpumpshavingsufficient
volume in one continuous stroke to complete a test without requiring replenishment are permitted and shall be capable of applying
loads at a uniform rate without shock or interruption.
4.2 Loading Apparatus—The mechanism by which forces are applied to the specimen shall employ a load-applying block and
two specimen support blocks. It shall ensure that all forces are applied perpendicular to the face of the specimen without
eccentricity. A diagram of an apparatus that accomplishes this purpose is shown in Fig. 1.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61 on
Testing for Strength.
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C293–02.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008. Published February 2008. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 293 – 07.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C293–08
NOTE 1—Apparatus may be used inverted.
FIG. 1 Diagrammatic View of a Suitable Apparatus for Flexure Test of Concrete by Center-Point Loading Method.
4.2.1 All apparatus for making center-point loading flexure tests shall be similar to Fig. 1 and maintain the span length and
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