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ASTM C293/C293M-10

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)

Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the modulus of rupture of specimens prepared and cured in accordance with Practices C31/C31M or C192/C192M. The strength determined will vary where there are differences in specimen size, preparation, moisture condition, or curing.
The results of this test method may be used to determine compliance with specifications or as a basis for proportioning, mixing and placement operations. This test method produces values of flexural strength significantly higher than Test Method .
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural strength of concrete specimens by the use of a simple beam with center-point loading. It is not an alternative to Test Method .
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2010
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.61 - Testing for Strength
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C293-08 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)
Effective Date
01-Aug-2010
Replaced By
ASTM C293/C293M-15 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2015
Referred By
ASTM D7913/D7913M-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Bond Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Bars to Concrete by Pullout Testing
Effective Date
01-Aug-2010
Referred By
ASTM C226-22 - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement
Effective Date
01-Aug-2010
Referred By
ASTM C78/C78M-22 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
Effective Date
01-Aug-2010

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ASTM C293/C293M-10 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)ASTM C293/C293M-10 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C293/C293M − 10
StandardTest Method for
Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With
1
Center-Point Loading)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C293/C293M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural
3.1 This test method is used to determine the modulus of
strength of concrete specimens by the use of a simple beam rupture of specimens prepared and cured in accordance with
with center-point loading. It is not an alternative to Test
Practices C31/C31M or C192/C192M. The strength deter-
Method C78/C78M. mined will vary where there are differences in specimen size,
preparation, moisture condition, or curing.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in 3.2 The results of this test method may be used to determine
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
compliance with specifications or as a basis for proportioning,
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining mixing and placement operations. This test method produces
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
values of flexural strength significantly higher than Test
with the standard. Method C78/C78M.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Apparatus
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 The testing machine shall conform to the requirements
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of the sections on Basis of Verification, Corrections, and Time
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Interval Between Verifications of Practices E4. Hand operated
testing machines having pumps that do not provide a continu-
2. Referenced Documents
ous loading to failure in one stroke are not permitted. Motor-
2
ized pumps or hand operated positive displacement pumps
2.1 ASTM Standards:
having sufficient volume in one continuous stroke to complete
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
a test without requiring replenishment are permitted and shall
Specimens in the Field
be capable of applying loads at a uniform rate without shock or
C78/C78M Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete
interruption.
(Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
4.2 Loading Apparatus—The mechanism by which forces
Specimens in the Laboratory
are applied to the specimen shall employ a load-applying block
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
and two specimen support blocks. It shall ensure that all forces
C1077 Practice forAgencies Testing Concrete and Concrete
are applied perpendicular to the face of the specimen without
Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for
eccentricity. A diagram of an apparatus that accomplishes this
Testing Agency Evaluation
purpose is shown in Fig. 1.
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
4.2.1 All apparatus for making center-point loading flexure
tests shall be similar to Fig. 1 and maintain the span length and
central position of the load-applying block with respect to the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on support blocks constant within 61.0 mm [60.05 in.].
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.2.2 Reactions shall be parallel to the direction of the
C09.61 on Testing for Strength.
applied load at all times during the test, and the ratio of the
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originally
horizontal distance between the point of load application and
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C293 – 08. DOI:
10.1520/C0293_C0293M-10.
nearest reaction to the depth of the beam shall be 1.5 62%.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.2.3 The load-applying and support blocks shall not be
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
more than 65 mm [2.50 in.] high, measured from the center or
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. the axis of pivot, and shall extend at least across the full width
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C293–08 Designation: C293/C293M – 10
Standard Test Method for
Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With
1
Center-Point Loading)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C293/C293M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural strength of concrete specimens by the use of a simple beam with
center-point loading. It is not an alternative to Test Method C78C78/C78M.
1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.The SI equivalent of inch-pound units has been rounded
where necessary for practical application.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C7878/C78M Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C1077 Practice for LaboratoriesTesting Concrete and ConcreteAggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for Laboratory
Evaluation
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is used to determine the modulus of rupture of specimens prepared and cured in accordance with Practices
C31/C31M or C192/C192M.The strength determined will vary where there are differences in specimen size, preparation, moisture
condition, or curing.
3.2 The results of this test method may be used to determine compliance with specifications or as a basis for proportioning,
mixing and placement operations. This test method produces values of flexural strength significantly higher than Test Method C78
(Note 1).
NOTE1—The testing laboratory performing this test method may be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1077C78/C78M.
4. Apparatus
4.1 The testing machine shall conform to the requirements of the sections on Basis of Verification, Corrections, and Time
Interval Between Verifications of Practices E4. Hand operated testing machines having pumps that do not provide a continuous
loadingtofailureinonestrokearenotpermitted.Motorizedpumpsorhandoperatedpositivedisplacementpumpshavingsufficient
volume in one continuous stroke to complete a test without requiring replenishment are permitted and shall be capable of applying
loads at a uniform rate without shock or interruption.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61 on
Testing for Strength.
Current edition approved Feb.Aug. 1, 2008.2010. Published February 2008.September 2010. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20072008
as C293–07.C293–08. DOI: 10.1520/C0293_C0293M-108.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C293/C293M – 10
4.2 Loading Apparatus—The mechanism by which forces are applied to the specimen shall employ a load-applying block and
two specimen support blocks. It shall ensure that all forces are applied perpendicular to the face of the specimen without
eccentricity. A diagram of an apparatus that accompli
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete. This test method is applicable for laboratory use in comparing the passing ability of different concrete mixtures. It is also applicable in the field as a quality control test.  
5.2 The difference between the slump flow and J-Ring flow is an indication of the passing ability of the concrete. A difference less than 25 mm [1 in.] indicates good passing ability and a difference greater than 50 mm [2 in.] indicates poor passing ability. The orientation of the mold for the J-Ring test and for the slump flow test without the J-Ring shall be the same.  
5.3 This test method is limited to self-consolidating concrete with nominal maximum size of aggregate of up to 25 mm [1 in.].
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) by using the J-Ring in combination with a mold.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C173/C173M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.  
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.  
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.  
4.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken; uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    6 pages
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