ASTM F2094/F2094M-08
(Specification)Standard Specification for Silicon Nitride Bearing Balls
Standard Specification for Silicon Nitride Bearing Balls
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the establishment of the basic quality, physical/mechanical property, and test requirements for silicon nitride balls Classes I, II, and III to be used for ball bearings and specialty ball applications. Silicon nitride balls should be produced from either silicon nitride powder having the compositional limits from silicon metal powder.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the establishment of the basic quality, physical/mechanical property, and test requirements for silicon nitride balls Classes I, II, and III to be used for ball bearings and specialty ball applications.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
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Designation: F2094/F2094M – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Silicon Nitride Bearing Balls
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF2094/F2094M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope B 46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and
5
Lay)
1.1 This specification covers the establishment of the basic
2.6 ISO Standards:
quality, physical/mechanical property, and test requirements
4505 Hardmetals—Metallographic Determination of Poros-
for silicon nitride balls Classes I, II, and III to be used for ball
3
ity and Uncombined Carbon
bearings and specialty ball applications.
2.7 JIS Standards:
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
R 1601 Testing Method for Flexural Strength (Modulus of
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
6
Rupture) of High Performance Ceramics
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
R 1607 Testing Method for Fracture Toughness of High
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
6
Performance Ceramics
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
2.8 CEN Standards:
specification.
EN 843-1 Advanced Technical Ceramics—Monolithic
2. Referenced Documents
Ceramics—Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature,
7
Part 1. Determination of Flexural Strength
2.1 Order of Precedence:
ENV 843-5 Advanced Technical Ceramics—Monolithic
2.1.1 In the event of a conflict between the test of this
Ceramics—Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature,
document and the references herein, the text of this document
7
Part 5, Statistical Analysis
takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, super-
sedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemp-
3. Terminology
tion has been obtained.
2
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.2 ASTM Standards:
3.1.1 ball diameter variation (Vdws)—ball diameter varia-
C1161 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Advanced
tion is the difference between the largest and smallest diameter
Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
measured on the same ball.
C1421 Test Methods for Determination of Fracture Tough-
3.1.2 ball gage (S)—prescribed small amount by which the
ness of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
lot mean diameter should differ from nominal diameter, this
2.3 ANSI Standard:
amount being one of an established series of amounts. A ball
ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for
3
gage, in combination with the ball grade and nominal ball
Inspection by Attributes
diameter, should be considered as the most exact ball size
2.4 ABMA Standards:
4
specification to be used by a customer for ordering purposes.
STD 10 Metal Balls
3.1.3 ball gage deviation (DS)—difference between the lot
2.5 ASME Standard:
mean diameter and the sum of the nominal diameter and the
ball gage.
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF34onRolling
3.1.4 ball grade (G)—specific combination of dimensional
Element Bearings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F34.01 on
form and surface roughness tolerances. A ball grade is desig-
Rolling Element.
nated by a grade number followed by the letter “C” indicating
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally
´1
Silicon Nitride Ceramic.
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F2094–06 . DOI:
10.1520/F2094_F2094M-08.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Application for copies should be addressed to the American Society of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park
the ASTM website. Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://www.asme.org.
3 6
ApplicationforcopiesshouldbeaddressedtotheAmericanNationalStandards Application for copies should be addressed to the Japanese Standards Organi-
Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://
zation (JSA), 4-1-24 Akasaka Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 107-8440, Japan, http://
www.ansi.org. www.jsa.or.jp.
4 7
Application for copies should be addressed to theAmerican Bearing Manufac- Application for copies should be addressed to the British Standards Institute
turer’sAssociation, 1200 19th Street NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20036-2401. (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd., LondonW4 4AL, U.K., http://www.bsi-global.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:F2094–06 Designation: F 2094/F 2094M – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Silicon Nitride Bearing Balls
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2094/F2094M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
1
reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval. ´ NOTE—Table2waseditorially
corrected in June 2007.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the establishment of the basic quality, physical/mechanical property, and test requirements for
silicon nitride balls Classes I, II, and III to be used for ball bearings and specialty ball applications.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated in each
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two
systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 Order of Precedence:
2.1.1 In the event of a conflict between the test of this document and the references herein, the text of this document takes
precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been
obtained.
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
C373Test Method for Water Absorption, Bulk Density, Apparent Porosity, and Apparent Specific Gravity of Fired Whiteware
Products
C1161 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
C1198Test Method for Dynamic Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio for Advanced Ceramics by Sonic
Resonance
C1239Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data and Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters for Advanced Ceramics
C1327Test Method for Vickers Indentation Hardness of Advanced Ceramics
C1421 Test Methods for Determination of Fracture Toughness of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
E165Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
E384Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Materials
E831Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by Thermomechanical Analysis
E1417Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing Test Methods for Determination of Fracture Toughness of Advanced Ceramics at
Ambient Temperature
2.3 ANSI Standard:
3
ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes
2.4 ABMA Standards:
STD 1Terminology for Anti-Friction Ball and Roller Bearings and Parts
4
STD 10 Metal Balls
2.5 ASME Standard:
5
B 46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and Lay)
2.6 DIN Standards:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F34 on Rolling Element Bearings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F34.01 on Rolling
Element.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published December 2006. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F2094–03a.
´1
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F2094–06 .
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Application for copies should be addressed to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 WestW. 43rd Street,St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036,
http://www.ansi.org.
4
Application for copies should be addressed to the American Bearing Manufacturer’s Association, 1200 19th Street NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20036-2401.
5
Application for copies should be addressed to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East Street, New York, NY 10017.
5
Application for copies should be addressed to theAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME),ASME International Headquarters, Three ParkAve., NewYork,
NY 10016-5990, http://www.asme.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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F 2094/F 2094M – 08
5401Rolling Bearings; Balls of Through-Hardening Rolling Bearing Steel, Part 1
5401Rolling Bearings; Balls of Through-Hardening Rolling Bearing Steel, Part 2
2.7 ISO Standards:
3
3290Rolling Bearings, Bearing Parts, Balls for Rolling Bearings
3
4505 Hardmetals—Metallographic Determination of Porosity and Uncombined
...
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