ASTM A409/A409M-24

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A409/A409M − 19 A409/A409M − 24
Standard Specification for
Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive
or High-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A409/A409M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers straight seam or spiral seam electric-fusion-welded, light-wall, austenitic chromium-nickel alloy
steel pipe for corrosive or high-temperature service. The sizes covered are NPS 14 to 30 with extra light (Schedule 5S) and light
(Schedule 10S) wall thicknesses. Table X1.1 shows the wall thickness of Schedule 5S and 10S pipe. Pipe having other dimensions
may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.2 Several grades of alloy steel are covered as indicated in Table 1.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided. These call for additional tests to be made, and when desired shall be stated
in the order, together with the number of such tests required.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The
inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as nominal diameter,size,
and nominal size.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.10
on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019March 1, 2024. Published November 2019April 2024. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 20152019
as A409/A409M – 15.A409/A409M – 19. DOI: 10.1520/A0409_A0409M-19.10.1520/A0409_A0409M-24.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-409 in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A409/A409M − 24
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
UNS Composition, %
Designa-
Car- Man- Phos- Sulfur, Sili- Nickel Chromium Molyb- Tita- Colum- Cerium Other Elements
A
tions
bon, ganese, phorus, max con denum nium bium
max max max
TP201 S20100 0.15 5.5–7.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 3.5–5.5 16.0–18.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . N 0.25
TP201LN S20153 0.03 6.4–7.5 0.045 0.015 0.75 4.0–5.0 16.0–17.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . N 0.10–0.25,
Cu 1.00
TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 8.0–11.0 18.0–20.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TP304L S30403 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 8.0–12.0 18.0–20.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . S30416 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.015 0.80–2.00 9.0–11.0 17.5–19.5 0.40–0.80 . . . . . . . . . N 0.10 max
TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 12.0–16.0 22.0–24.0 . . . . . . . . . Cb 10 × C min,
1.10 max
TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 12.0–15.0 22.0–24.0 . . . . . . . . .
TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 19.0–22.0 24.0–26.0 . . . . . . . . . Cb 10 × C min,
1.10 max
TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 19.0–22.0 24.0–26.0 . . . . . . . . .
TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 10.0–14.0 16.0–18.0 2.00–3.00 . . . . . . . . .
TP316L S31603 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 10.0–14.0 16.0–18.0 2.00–3.00 . . . . . . . . . . . .
TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 11.0–15.0 18.0–20.0 3.0–4.0 . . . . . . . . . .
. . . S31727 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 max 14.5–16.5 17.5–19.0 3.8–4.5 . . . . . . . . . N 0.15–0.21
Cu 2.8–4.0
. . . S32053 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 max 24.0–26.0 22.0–24.0 5.0–6.0 . . . . . . . . . N 0.17–0.22
B
TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 9.00–12.0 17.0–20.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .
C
TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 9.00–12.0 17.0–19.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .
D
TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 9.00–12.0 17.0–19.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 max 17.5–18.5 19.5–19.5 6.0–6.5 . . . . . . . . . Cu 0.50–1.00
N 0.18–0.25
. . . S30815 0.05–0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40–2.00 10.0–12.0 20.0–22.0 . . . . . . . . . 0.03–0.08 N 0.14–0.20
. . . S31725 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 13.5–17.5 18.0–20.0 4.0–5.0 . . . . . . . . . N 0.020 max
. . . S31726 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 max 14.5–17.5 17.0–20.0 4.0–5.0 . . . . . . . . . N 0.10–0.20
. . . S34565 0.030 5.0–7.0 0.030 0.010 1.00 max 16.0–18.0 23.0–25.0 4.0–5.0 . . . 0.10 . . . N 0.40–0.60
max
. . . N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 max 23.5–25.5 20.0–22.0 6.0–7.0 . . . . . . . . . Cu 0.75 max
Ni 0.18–0.25
. . . S20400 0.030 7.0–9.0 0.45 0.030 1.00 max 1.50–3.00 15.0–17.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . N 0.15–0.30
. . . S31266 0.030 2.00–4.00 0.035 0.020 1.00 max 21.0–24.0 23.0–25.0 5.2–6.2 . . . . . . . . . Cu 1.00–2.50
W 1.50–2.50
N 0.35–0.60
A
New designation established in accordance with ASTM E527 and SAE J1086.
B
The titanium content shall be not less than 5 times the carbon content and not more than 0.70 %.
C
The columbium plus tantalum content shall be not less than 10 times the carbon content and not more than 1.10 %.
D
The columbium plus tantalum content shall be not less than 10 times the carbon content and not more than 1.10 %. The tantalum content shall be 0.10 % maximum,
CO 0.20 % maximum.
2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section III
Section VIII, Division 1
Section IX
2.3 AWS Standards:
A 5.22 Flux Cored Arc Welding
A 5.30 Consumable Weld Inserts for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
A 5.4 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Covered Welding Electrodes
A 5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Bare Electrodes
A 5.11 Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Covered Welding Electrodes
A 5.14 Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes
2.4 Other Standard:
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126, http://www.aws.org.
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
A409/A409M − 24
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material to this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimetres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (straight seam or spiral seam electric-fusion-welded austenitic steel pipe),
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and schedule number, or wall thickness).
3.1.5 Length (specific or random) (Section 11),
3.1.6 End finish (Section on Ends of Specification A999/A999M),
3.1.7 Optional requirements (5.2.1 – 5.2.3 removal of weld bead; 5.3.2, special heat treatment; 15.2, nondestructive test; 10.1.1,
outside diameter tolerance; 11.2, length circumferentially welded; 12.3, repair by welding and heat treatment subsequent to repair
welding; 12.4, sand blasted or pickled; 17.1 Certification; Supplementary Requirements S1 to S6).
3.1.8 Specification designation, and
3.1.9 Special requirements.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification
A999/A999M, unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser it shall be stated on the order.
5.2 Welding:
5.2.1 The welds shall be made by the manual or automatic electric-welding process. For manual welding, the operator and
procedure shall be qualified in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX. Unless otherwise specified
on the purchase order, the pipe may be welded with or without filler metal when the automatic electric-welding process is used.
5.2.2 The weld surface on either side of the weld may be flush with the base plate or may have a reasonably uniform crown, not
to exceed ⁄16 in. [2 mm]. Any weld reinforcement may be removed at the manufacturer’s option or by agreement between the
manufacturer and purchaser. The contour of the reinforcement should be reasonably smooth and free from irregularities. The weld
metal shall be fused uniformly into the plate surface. No concavity of contour is permitted unless the resulting thickness of weld
metal is equal to or greater than the minimum thickness of the adjacent base metal.
5.2.3 Weld defects, as determined by specified inspection requirements, shall be repaired by removal to sound metal and
rewelding.
5.3 Heat Treatment:
5.3.1 Except as provided in 5.3.2, all pipe shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition. The heat-treatment procedure shall
consist of heating the material to a minimum temperature of 1900 °F [1040 °C], except for S31254, S31266, and S30815 which
shall be heat treated to 2100 °F [1150 °C] and 1920 °F [1050 °C] respectively, S31727 and S32053 which shall be heat treated in
the range 1975 to 2155 °F [1080 to 1180 °C], S34565 which shall be heat treated in the range 2050 °F [1120 °C] to 2140 °F
[1170 °C], and N08367, which shall be heated to a minimum temperature of 2025 °F [1107 °C], all materials to be followed by
quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means.
A409/A409M − 24
5.3.2 The purchase order shall specify one of the following conditions if the heat-treated condition specified in 5.3.1 is not desired
by the purchaser:
5.3.2.1 A final heat-treatment temperature under 1900 °F [1040 °C]. Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled
with the final heat-treatment temperature in degrees Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius after the suffix “HT.” Controlled structural or
special service characteristics may be specified as a guide for the most suitable heat treatment.
5.3.2.2 No final heat treatment of pipe fabricated of plate, that has been solution heat treated at temperatures required by this
specification. Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled with the suffix “HT-O.”
5.3.2.3 No final heat treatment of pipe fabricated of plate, that has not been solution heat treated. Each pipe supplied under this
requirement shall be stenciled with the suffix “HT-SO.”
5.4 A solution annealing temperature above 1950 °F [1065 °C] may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after
subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in TP321, TP347, and TP348. When specified by the purchaser, a lower temperature
stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the initial high temperature solution anneal (see Supplementary
Requirement S5).
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical composition in Table 1.
6.2 When specified on the purchase order, a product analysis shall be supplied from one tube or coil of steel per heat. The product
analysis tolerance of Specification A480/A480M shall apply.
6.3 Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the chemical composition of the welding filler metal shall conform to the
requirements of the applicable AWS specification for the corresponding grade shown in Table 2. Grades with no filler metal
classification indicated shall be welded with filler metals producing deposited weld metal having a composition in accordance with
the chemical composition specified in Table 1. The method of analysis for nitrogen and cerium shall be a matter of agreement
between the purchaser and manufacturer. The purchaser may choose a higher-alloy filler metal when needed for corrosion
resistance.
7. Tensile Requirements
7.1 The tensile properties of the plate or sheet used in making the pipe shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 3.
Certified mill test reports shall be submitted to the pipe manufacturer.
7.2 A transverse tension test taken across the welded joint of the finished pipe shall meet the same minimum tensile strength
requirements as the sheet or plate. The weld section on the tension specimen shall be in the same condition as the finished pipe
(with or without bead as specified).
8. Mechanical Tests Required
8.1 Tension Test—One transverse tension test of the weld shall be made on each lot (Note 2) of finished pipe.
NOTE 2—The term “lot” applies to each 200 ft [60 m] or less of pipe of the same NPS and wall thickness (or schedule number) which is produced from
the same heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment in a continuous furnace. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, the
lot shall include only that pipe which is heat treated in the same furnace charge. When no heat treatment is performed following final forming operations,
the lot shall include each 200 ft [60 m] or less of pipe of the same NPS and wall thickness (or schedule number) which is produced from the same heat
of steel.
8.2 Transverse Guided-Bend Weld Test—One test (two specimens) of the weld shall be made on each lot (Note 2) of finished pipe.
8.3 Pressure or Nondestructive Electric Test—Each length of pipe shall be subjected to a pressure test or a nondestructive electric
test as prescribed in Section 5.
A409/A409M − 24
TABLE 2 Filler Metal Specifications
A B
Filler Metal Classification and UNS Designation for Applicable AWS Specification
UNS
Grade A5.4 A5.9 A5.11 A5.14 A5.22 A5.30
Designation
Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS
TP201 S20100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TP201LN S20153 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S30880
TP304 S30400 E308 W30810 ER308 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308T W30831 IN308 S30880
W30840
S30883
TP304L S30403 E308L W30813 ER308L . . . . . . . . . . . . E308T W30835 IN308L S30883
W30843
S31683
. . . S30416 E316L W31603 ER316L . . . . . . . . . . . . E316LT W31635 IN316L S31683
W31643
TP309Cb S30940 E309Cb W30917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TP310Cb S31040 E310Cb W31017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31680
TP316 S31600 E316 W31610 ER316 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316T W31631 IN316 S31680
W31640
S31683
TP316L S31603 E316L W31603 ER316L . . . . . . . . . . . . E316LT W31635 IN316L S31683
W31643
S31783
TP317 S31700 E317 W31700 ER317 . . . . . . . . . . . . E317T W31731 IN317 S31780
W31743
. . . S31727 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . S32053 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S32180
ER321
W32140
TP321 S32100 E347 W34710 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34733 IN348 S34780
H
S34780
ER347
W34740
S34780
TP347 S34700 E347 W34710 ER347 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34733 IN348 S34780
W34740
S34780
TP348 S34800 E347 W34710 ER347 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34733 IN348 S34780
W34740
. . . S31254 . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3
...