ASTM D5188-16

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Designation: D5188 − 14 D5188 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Vapor-Liquid Ratio Temperature Determination of Fuels
1
(Evacuated Chamber and Piston Based Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5188; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the temperature at which the vapor formed from a selected volume of volatile
petroleum product saturated with air at 0 °C to 1 °C (32 °F to 34 °F) produces a pressure of 101.3 kPa 101.3 kPa (one atmosphere)
against vacuum. This test method is applicable to samples for which the determined temperature is between 36 °C and 80 °C (97 °F
and 176 °F) and the vapor-liquid ratio is between 8 to 1 and 75 to 1.
NOTE 1—When the vapor-liquid ratio is 20:1, the result is intended to be comparable to the results determined by Test Method D2533.
NOTE 2—This test method may also be applicable at pressures other than one atmosphere, but the stated precision may not apply.
1.2 This test method is applicable to both gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends.
1.2.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze when cooled to 0 °C to 1 °C. If a haze is observed in 12.5, it shall be
indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see Note 1012).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information
only.
1.3.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warnings, see Section 7.27 and subsection 8.1.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D2533 Test Method for Vapor-Liquid Ratio of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels (Withdrawn 2008)
D2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 T , n—the equilibrium temperature at which the partial pressure of a sample under test conditions is equal to 101.3
(V/L = 20)
kPa (14.69 psia) and the vapor-liquid ratio is 20.
3.1.2 vapor-liquid ratio of a fuel, n—the ratio at a specified temperature and pressure of the volume of vapor in equilibrium with
liquid to the volume of sample charged, as a liquid, at 0 °C (32 °F).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014April 1, 2016. Published March 2014April 2016. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 as
D5188D5188 – 14.–13. DOI: 10.1520/D5188-14.10.1520/D5188-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5188 − 16
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A known volume of chilled, air-saturated sample is introduced into an evacuated, thermostatically controlled test chamber
of known volume or a test chamber with moveable piston that expands the volume after sample introduction, the internal volume
of which is V/L+1 times of that of the total test specimen introduced into the chamber.
...

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5188 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Vapor-Liquid Ratio Temperature Determination of Fuels
1
(Evacuated Chamber and Piston Based Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5188; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tem-
D2533 Test Method for Vapor-Liquid Ratio of Spark-
perature at which the vapor formed from a selected volume of
3
Ignition Engine Fuels (Withdrawn 2008)
volatile petroleum product saturated with air at 0 °C to 1 °C
D2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
(32 °F to 34 °F) produces a pressure of 101.3 kPa (one atmo-
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
sphere) against vacuum. This test method is applicable to
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
samples for which the determined temperature is between
Petroleum Products
36 °C and 80 °C (97 °F and 176 °F) and the vapor-liquid ratio
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
is between 8 to 1 and 75 to 1.
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
NOTE 1—When the vapor-liquid ratio is 20:1, the result is intended to
Measurement System Performance
be comparable to the results determined by Test Method D2533.
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement
NOTE 2—This test method may also be applicable at pressures other
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
than one atmosphere, but the stated precision may not apply.
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1.2 This test method is applicable to both gasoline and
gasoline-oxygenate blends.
3. Terminology
1.2.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
when cooled to 0 °C to 1 °C. If a haze is observed in 12.5, it
3.1.1 T , n—the equilibrium temperature at which
(V/L = 20)
shall be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and
the partial pressure of a sample under test conditions is equal
bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined
to 101.3 kPa (14.69 psia) and the vapor-liquid ratio is 20.
(see Note 12).
3.1.2 vapor-liquid ratio of a fuel, n—the ratio at a specified
temperature and pressure of the volume of vapor in equilibrium
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
with liquid to the volume of sample charged, as a liquid, at
standard.
0 °C (32 °F).
1.3.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are pro-
vided for information only.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 A known volume of chilled, air-saturated sample is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
introduced into an evacuated, thermostatically controlled test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
chamber of known volume or a test chamber with moveable
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
piston that expands the volume after sample introduction, the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
internal volume of which is V/L+1 times of that of the total test
warnings, see Section 7 and subsection 8.1.1.
specimen introduced into the chamber. The sample volume is
calculated to give the desired vapor-liquid ratio for the cham-
ber volume in use. After injection, the chamber temperature is
adjusted until a stable chamber pressure of 101.3 kPa (14.69
psia) is achieved.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5188 – 14. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D5188-16. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5188 − 16
5. Significance and Use 6.5.1 When a mercury manometer is not used as the
pressure measuring device, the calibration of the pressure
5.1 The tendency of a fuel to vaporize in automot
...