ASTM D3513-02(2007)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D3513–02 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Overlength Fiber Content of Manufactured Staple Fiber
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3513; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Cotton Fibers by Photoelectric Measurement
D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percent
D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,
by number of overlength or multiple length fibers in a sample
Sliver, or Tow for Testing
of manufactured cut staple. The method is applicable to fiber
D3888 Terminology for Yarn Spinning Systems
taken immediately after manufacturing, from the bale, or from
D3990 Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects
partially processed stock.
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
NOTE 1—For measurement of length and length distribution of manu-
D5103 Test Method for Length and Length Distribution of
factured staple fibers, refer to Test Method D5103.
Manufactured Staple Fibers (Single-Fiber Test)
1.2 This test method covers procedures using the Fibrosam-
3. Terminology
pler Model 335A (inch-pound units), the Fibrosampler Model
335B (SI units), and Fibrosampler combs Model 336.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2.1 The Fibrosampler Model 335A is equipped with a
3.1.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this test
sample plate that has 15.8-mm ( ⁄8-in.) diameter sample holes
method: fiber beard, staple, overlength staple fibers and
and is recommended for use on blended staple taken from the
multiple-length staple fibers, refer to Terminology D4849.
fiber blender or from a carding machine.
3.1.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
1.2.2 The Fibrosampler Model 335B is equipped with a
method, refer to Terminologies D123, D3888, D3990, and
sample plate that has 10-mm (0.4-in.) diameter sample holes
D4849.
and is recommended for use on unblended staple as may be
4. Summary of Test Method
taken from the fiber cutter or from a bale of staple fiber.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1 Fibers are caught randomly on a comb to form a fiber
are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated
beard. The probability that a given fiber length group repre-
in each unit are not exact equivalents; therefore, each unit must sented in the original fiber population will appear in the test
be used independently of the other.
specimen is proportional to the ratio of the total length of that
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the fiber length group to the total fiber length of the original
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sample. The beard is biased in the favor of long fibers.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.2 The fiber beard is brushed out and laid on a specimen
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
board.The density of the beard of the cut staple tapers to a line
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. that is parallel to the base of the comb. The overlength fibers
are observed to extend beyond this line and they can be
2. Referenced Documents
identified easily.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3 The noticeably longer fibers are pulled from the fiber
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
beard, verified for over- or multiple-length and counted. The
D1447 Test Method for Length and Length Uniformity of
result is then expressed as the percent overlength and percent
multiple-length fiber in the original population.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles 5. Significance and Use
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers.
5.1 The existence of overlength fiber in manufactured staple
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
can cause serious problems in the spinning of these fibers into
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D3513 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/D3513-02R07.
yarn. Overlength fibers may create problems in carding, but
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
more especially high-strength multiple cut fibers may cause
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
cockling in spinning.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D3513–02 (2007)
tance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative
teststhatareashomogeneousaspossible,drawnfromthesame
lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results
during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers
to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories
involved should be compared using a statistical test for
unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing
series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and
corrected, or future test results for that material must be
adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Fibrosampler, Model 335Aof 335B (Fig. 1), equipped
with the following:
6.1.1 Combs, Model 336 (Fig. 2).
6.1.2 Spacing Gage.
6.1.3 Specimen Board, board covered with short pile or
FIG. 1 Fibrosampler
plush surface on one side, for displaying the test specimen.
6.1.4 Brush, for brushing the test specimen.
6.1.5 Tweezers, for removing the long fibers from the
specimen board for verification.
NOTE 2—Fibrosampler Model 192, which is used for sampling cotton,
(Method D1447) has been used successfully with this method, but the
above listed models and combs yield better results because long fibers are
less likely to be pulled from the combs during beard preparation.
6.2 Laboratory Carding Machine or Opener/Blender
Model 338 is needed for use with Fibrosampler Model 335A.
6.3 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing the specimen
to within 0.01 % of its mass.
6.4 Scale, graduated to the nearest 1 mm ( ⁄16-in.).
7. Sampling
7.1 Lot Sampling—As a lot sample for acceptance testing,
FIG. 2 Fibrosampler Combs
take at random the number of shipping containers directed in
the applicable material specification or other agreement be-
tween the purchaser and supplier, such as an agreement to use
5.2 Since the overlength fibers are caused by dull or
Practice D3333 or Practice D2258. Consider shipping contain-
damaged cutting knives or by uneven flow of tow to the staple
ers to be the primary sampling units.
cutter,theirexistencewithinthefiberpopulationisnotuniform
NOTE 3—An adequate specification or other agreement between the
and their occurrence in the population follows a highly skewed
purchaser or supplier requires taking into account the variability between
distribution.
shipping units, between packages, ends or other laboratory sampling unit
5.3 Manual methods of determining overlength fiber require
within a shipping unit if applicable, and within specimens from a single
much more operator time, and the standard deviations of the
package, end or other laboratory sampling unit to provide a sampling plan
test between laboratories and operators are high. Use of the
with a meaningful producer’s risk, consumer’s risk, acceptable quality
Fibrosampler method greatly reduces both operator time and
level, and limiting quantity level.
standard deviation of testing.
7.2 Laboratory Sample—As a laboratory sample for accep-
5.4 In manufacturing it is important to know if fibers are
tance testing, take at random from each shipping container in
overlength due to looping of the tow or multiple length due to
the lot sample the number of laboratory sampling units as
damaged cutters.
directed in an applicable material specification or other agree-
5.5 This method for testing staple fiber for overlength fiber
ment between purchaser and supplier such as an agreement to
is not recommended for acceptance testing (see 13.1).
use Practice D3333 or Practice D2258. Preferably, the same
5.5.1 Insomecasesthepurchaserandthesuppliermayhave
number of laboratory sampling units are taken from each
totestacommercialshipmentofoneormorespecificmaterials
by the best available method, even though the method has not
been recommended for acceptance testing of commercial
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
is Special Instruments Laboratory, Inc., 312 W. Vine Ave., P.O. Box 1950,
shipments. If there are differences of practical significance
Knoxville, TN. 37901. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this
between reported test results for two laboratories (or more),
information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive
comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a
careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which
statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assis- you may attend.
D3513–02 (2007)
shipping container in the lot sample. If differing numbers of of the sample plate. Then relax the hand pressure against the
laboratory sampling units are to be taken from shipping plate to prevent fiber damage or breakage.
containers in the lot sample, determine at random which 8.5.4 With the right hand, turn the pivot arm one complete
shippingcontainersaretohaveeachnumberoflaboratoryunits counterclockwise revolution. This carries the comb teeth
drawn. across the face of the protruding test sample and allows a
7.2.1 Take 100-g samples of staple fiber, sliver or top for segment of the fiber beard to form on the comb. See Note 4.
8.5.5 Ease
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