ASTM D4423-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbonyls in C4 Hydrocarbons
Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbonyls in C<inf>4</inf> Hydrocarbons
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The determination of the carbonyl content of polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene is necessary, since in some polymerization reactions, the presence of carbonyls in excess over some specified amount can have a deleterious effect upon the polymer properties or the reaction itself, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of carbonyls (ketones and aldehydes) in C4 hydrocarbons. This test method was tested on polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.
1.2 The applicable range for this test method is 0 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg carbonyls calculated as acetaldehyde.
1.3 Other C4 hydrocarbons and their mixtures besides polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene could be tested using this same test method. However, the precision section of this test method covers only carbonyls in applicable range as listed in 1.2, as found in polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4423 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Determination of Carbonyls in C Hydrocarbons
4
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4423; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This test method covers the determination of carbonyls
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
(ketones and aldehydes) in C hydrocarbons. This test method
4
was tested on polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The applicable range for this test method is 0 mg ⁄kg to 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
50 mg ⁄kg carbonyls calculated as acetaldehyde.
D484 Specification for Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvents
3
1.3 Other C hydrocarbons and their mixtures besides
(Withdrawn 1982)
4
polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene could be tested using this
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
same test method. However, the precision section of this test
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
method covers only carbonyls in applicable range as listed in
3. Summary of Test Method
1.2, as found in polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.
3.1 A measured amount of sample is added to an alcoholic
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution that has been adjusted
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
to a given coloration using either alcoholic acid or base. The
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
carbonyls will react with the hydroxylamine hydrochloride
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
releasing an equivalent amount of hydrochloric acid which is
Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
then back-titrated to the original coloration. A blank containing
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
only methanol and sample is titrated and the sample’s results
for additional information. The potential exists that selling
are calculated using the blank adjustment. Results are reported
mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited
as milligrams per kilogram carbonyls as acetaldehyde.
by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales
in their location.
4. Significance and Use
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 The determination of the carbonyl content of
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene is necessary, since in some
standard.
polymerization reactions, the presence of carbonyls in excess
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
over some specified amount can have a deleterious effect upon
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the polymer properties or the reaction itself, or both.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 5. Apparatus
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Bunsen Valves—A device constructed so that when used
1.6.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for
with an Erlenmeyer flask, the sample vapors can exit the flask
the safe operation of this test method procedure and related
while protecting the flask’s liquid contents. See Fig. 1 for
activities.
details.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.2 Cooling Coil—Prepare a cooling coil by winding about
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
10 cm to 15 cm of seamless copper tubing (about 6 mm
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
diameter) on a short length of pipe (about 1.5 cm to 2.0 cm
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.D0.04 on C4 and C5 Hydrocarbons. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D4423 – 10 (2015). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D4423-23. www.astm.org.
*A S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4423 − 10 (Reapproved 2015) D4423 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Determination of Carbonyls in C Hydrocarbons
4
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4423; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of carbonyls (ketones and aldehydes) in C hydrocarbons. This test method was
4
tested on polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.
1.2 The applicable range for this test method is 0 mg ⁄kg to 50 mg ⁄kg carbonyls calculated as acetaldehyde.
1.3 Other C hydrocarbons and their mixtures besides polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene could be tested using this same test
4
method. However, the precision section of this test method covers only carbonyls in applicable range as listed in 1.2, as found in
polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous materialsubstance that can cause
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, may has been demonstrated to be
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken Use caution when handling mercury and mercury
containing mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware (SDS) for additional informa-
tion. The potential exists that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by
law.or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their
location.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.D0.04 on C4 and C5 Hydrocarbons.
Current edition approved April 1, 2015March 1, 2023. Published May 2015June 2023. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
D4423 – 10.D4423 – 10 (2015). DOI: 10.1520/D4423-10R15.10.1520/D4423-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4423 − 23
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D484 Specification for Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvents (Withdrawn 1982)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A measured amount of sample is added to an alcoholic hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution that has been adjusted to a given
coloration using either alcoholic acid or base. The carbonyls will react with the hydroxylamine hydrochloride releasing an
equivalent amount of hydrochloric acid which is then back-titrated to the original coloration. A blank containing only methanol
and sample is titrated and the sample’s results are calculated using the blank adjustment. Results are reported as milligra
...
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