ASTM D5793-18(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5793 − 18 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Method for
Binding Sites per Unit Length or Width of Pile Yarn Floor
Coverings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5793; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
D5684 Terminology Relating to Pile Floor Coverings
1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
number of binding sites per unit length or width of machine-
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
made, woven, knitted, and tufted pile yarn floor covering both
Lot or Process
before and after adhesive backing application.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3. Terminology
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1 For definitions terms relating to Pile Floor Coverings,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
D13.21, refer to Terminology D5684.
and are not considered standard.
3.1.1 Thefollowingtermsarerelevanttothisstandard:back
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
coating; backing; backing fabric; binding site; buried pile yarn;
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
carpet; components; finished; finished pile yarn floor covering;
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
floor covering; lengthwise direction; needles per unit width;
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
pile, pile heights; pile yarn floor covering; pile yarn mass;
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
pitch; stitches; stubble; textile floor covering; tuft, tufted
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
fabric; widthwise direction.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Terminology D123.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Summary of Test Method
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 The length of pile floor covering containing 40 binding
sites is measured in either the lengthwise or widthwise direc-
2. Referenced Documents
tion as required and the number of binding sites per unit length
2.1 ASTM Standards:
is calculated.
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
5. Significance and Use
D1909 Standard Tables of Commercial Moisture Regains
5.1 This test method is useful in quality and cost control
and Commercial Allowances for Textile Fibers
during manufacture. Both appearance and performance of pile
D2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test
yarn floor coverings can be affected by the number of binding
Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data (With-
sites per length and width.
drawn 2008)
5.2 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for
tance testing of commercial shipments because current esti-
mates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable and the
1 method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on Pile Floor Coverings.
5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2022.PublishedJuly2022.Originallyapproved
tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),
in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5793 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/
comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is
D5793-18R22.
statistical bias between them using competent statistical assis-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tance. As a minimum, use test samples for such comparative
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
teststhatareashomogeneousaspossible,drawnformthesame
the ASTM website.
lot of material as the samples that resulted in the disparate
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. results during initial testing, and that are randomly assigned in
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5793 − 18 (2022)
equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The test results 7.4.4 Where it is known that systematic variations in a floor
fromthelaboratoriesshouldbecomparedusingastatisticaltest covering characteristic may occur in bands 18 in. (460 mm) or
for unpaired data at a probability level chosen prior to the more in width, as with modular pattern device having separate
testing series. If a bias is found either its cause must be found controls or adjustments for each module, take test specimens
and corrected, or future test results for that material must be from the middle of each band.
adjusted in consideration of the know bias.
7.4.5 When a full width test sample is not available, take a
specimen as directed in 7.4.3 and state in the report the width
6. Apparatus
available and the number of test specimens taken.
6.1 Shears or Clippers, capable of shearing close enough to
7.5 Atestresultistheaverageofthemeasurementsmadeon
the backing to leave a stubble of no more than 0.05 in. (1.3
a set of test specimens as described in 7.4.3, 7.4.4,or 7.4.5.In
mm).
these methods, directions are given only for obtaining a test
result from one test sample. The value representative of the lot
6.2 Scale or Tape, metal, graduated in 0.05 in. (1 mm) and
being sampled will be the average of the test results for all the
at least 10 % longer than the distance being measured.
test samples in the lot sample.
6.3 Location Markers, two, such as straight pins.
8. Conditioning
7. Sampling Units and Test Specimens
8.1 Condition the test specimens or the test sample as
7.1 Sampling Units:
specified in Practice D1776 in the standard atmosphere for
7.1.1 Uncoated Floor Covering—The basic sampling unit
testing textiles for 12 h or until the mass changes no more than
of uncoated floor covering is a production roll.
0.1%in2h.
7.1.2 Coated Floor Covering—The basic sampling unit of
coated floor covering is a shipping roll. The number of
8.2 If the fiber in any layer of the backing has a commercial
shipping rolls obtained from each production roll ranges from
regain of over 5 %, the specimen may be conditioned before
one to over ten.
measuring. Commercial moisture regains for textile fibers are
listed in Table D1909.
7.2 Take a lot sample as directed in Practice E122 when
statistical knowledge of the product variability and test method
9. Procedure
precision is available, and decision has been made on the
maximum deviation that can be tolerated between the estimate
9.1 If the binding sites are visible from the back, place the
to be made from the sample and the result that would be
test specimen face down on a flat surface; otherwise, place the
obtained by measuring every sampling unit of the lot. Other-
testspecimenbackdownandshearthepileclosetothebacking
wise the number of sampling units in a lot sample and the use
to reveal the binding sites. Select a line of binding sites in the
of the test results obtained from the individual test samples
direction to be counted.
shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s quality control
9.1.1 Handle uncoated floor coverings carefully to avoid
program or with the specification agreed to by the purchaser
distortionofbindingsitesofcoatedfloorcoveringaftertreating
and the supplier.
with reagents and removing the secondary backing.
7.3 Atestsampleshallconsistofafullwidthsectionoffloor
9.2 Select a distinguishing feature found at each binding
covering cut from one end of each roll in the lot sample and
site.
shall be at least 4 in. (100 mm) longer than the specimens
NOTE 1—It is not necessary to define precisely the boundaries of a
required for the tests being conducted. Do not cut a test sample
binding site; only to use the same distinguishing feature in every binding
of coated floor co
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