ASTM C329-88(2006)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: C329 – 88 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Specific Gravity of Fired Ceramic Whiteware Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C329; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.7 Vacuum Source—A suitable apparatus to produce a
vacuum equivalent to an absolute pressure of less than 1.0-in.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific
(25.4-mm) Hg.
gravity of fired ceramic whiteware materials under prescribed
4.8 Distilled Water, that has been freshly evacuated, or
conditions.
boiled and cooled, to remove dissolved air.
NOTE 1—This test method is not applicable to materials attacked by
water.
5. Sample Preparation
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 When possible, the sample for test shall consist of at
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
least two pieces totaling 100 to 150 g taken from different
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
portions of the material in such a way as to exclude skin
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
surfaces in so far as possible. The sample shall be selected so
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
as to be representative of the material to be tested.
5.2 The pieces shall be crushed, if necessary, between
2. Referenced Documents
hardened steel surfaces. The specimen shall then be reduced to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
25 to 50 g by quartering, and any magnetic material introduced
D153 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Pigments
by crushing shall be removed. This specimen shall be ground
E11 Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest
in a suitable mortar so that it will pass a 150-µm (No. 100)
Sieves
sieve, conforming to Specification E11, or its equivalent. Care
shall be taken at all stages of the crushing, grinding, and
3. Significance and Use
quarteringtominimizetheintroductionofimpuritiesandretain
3.1 Measurement of specific gravity is a tool for determin-
all material even though difficult to grind.
ing the degree of maturation of a ceramic body.
6. Procedure
4. Apparatus and Materials
6.1 Make all determinations in duplicate. Determine all
4.1 Analytical Balance and Weights.
weights in this procedure to the nearest 0.0001 g.
4.2 Pycnometers, of 50-mL capacity, consisting of suitable
6.2 Place the ground specimen in a glass weighing bottle
bottles with capillary tube stoppers.
and dry to constant weight at 105 to 110°C. Close the bottle
4.3 Thermometer, calibrated at 0.5°C intervals in the room
with a glass stopper immediately upon removal from the oven.
temperature range.
6.3 Dry the pycnometer and stopper at 105 to 110°C, cool to
4.4 Drying Oven.
room temperature in a desiccator, weigh on an analytical
4.5 Weighing Bottle.
balance, and record the weight as p. Fill the pycnometer bottle
4.6 Desiccator.
with distilled water at room temperature, t , insert the stopper,
and remove the excess water on the tip of the capillary by
means of filter paper. Weigh the pycnometer and contents and
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on Ceramic record the weight as W . Empty and dry the pycnometer.
Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.4 Place about 8 to 12 g of the dried specimen in the dry
C21.03 on Methods for Whitewares and Environmental Concerns.
pycnometer; weigh the pycnometer, stopper, and specimen and
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2006. Published February 2006. Originally
record the weight as W. Add distilled water until the bottle is
approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C329 – 88 (1999).
DOI: 10.1520/C0329-88R06.
approximately one half full, and, to remove entrapped air, first
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
stir the specimen and water thoroughly with a glass rod. Then
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
remove the glass rod, using a small quantity of distilled water
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. to wash back into the pycnometer any particles of specimen
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C329 – 88 (2006)
TABLE 1 Absolute Density
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