ASTM C1419-99a

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Designation:C1419–99a
Standard Test Method for
Sonic Velocity in Refractory Materials at Room Temperature
and Its Use in Obtaining an Approximate Young’s Modulus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 pulse travel time, (T), n—the total time, measured in
t
microseconds, required for the sonic pulse to traverse the
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for measuring
specimen being tested, and for the associated electronic signals
the sonic velocity in refractory materials at room temperature.
to traverse the circuits of the pulse propagation circuitry.
The sonic velocity can be used to obtain an approximate value
3.1.3 zero time, (T ), n—the travel time (correction factor),
o
for Young’s modulus.
measured in microseconds, associated with the electronic
1.2 The sonic velocity may be measured through the length,
circuits in the pulse-propagation system.
thickness, and width of the specimen.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety
4. Summary of Test Method
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
4.1 The velocity of sound waves passing through the test
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
specimen is determined by measuring the distance through the
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
specimen and dividing by the time lapse between the transmit-
limitations prior to use.
,
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ted pulse and the received pulse. An approximate value for
2. Referenced Documents Young’s modulus can be obtained as follows:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E5rv (1)
C 134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,
where:
and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
E 5 Young’s modulus of elasticity, Pa,
Firebrick
r5 density, kg/m , and
C 179 Test Method for Drying and Firing Linear Change of
v 5 signal velocity, m/s.
Refractory Plastic and Ramming Mix Specimens
4.2 Strictly speaking, the elastic constant given by this
C 769 Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Manufactured
measurement is not E but C , provided the sonic pulse is
Carbon and Graphite Materials for Use in Obtaining an
2 longitudinal and the direction of propagation is along the axis
Approximate Young’s Modulus
,
4 5
of symmetry.
C 885 Test Method for Young’s Modulus of Refractory
Shapes by Sonic Resonance
5. Significance and Use
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
5.1 This test method is used to determine the sonic velocity
ASTM Test Methods
and approximate Young’s modulus of refractory shapes at
E 380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
room temperature. Since this test is nondestructive, specimens
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
may be used for other tests as desired.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.2 Thistestmethodisusefulforresearchanddevelopment,
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
engineering application and design, manufacturing quality and
process control, and for developing purchasing specifications.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6. Apparatus
3.1.1 longitudinalsonicpulse,n—asonicpulseinwhichthe
6.1 Driving Circuit, which consists of an ultra sonic pulse
displacements are in the direction of propagation of the pulse.
generator capable of producing pulses in a frequency range
from 0.5 to 2.5 MHz.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-8 on
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.01 on Strength.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1999. Published November 1999. Originally Schreiber, Anderson, and Soga, “Elastic Constants and Their Measurement,”
published as C 1419 – 99. Last previous edition C 1419 – 99. McGraw-HillBookCo.,1221AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10020,1973.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01. AmericanInstituteofPhysicsHandbook,3rded.,McGraw-HillBookCo.,1221
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020, 1972, pp. 3–98ff.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C1419
6.2 Transducer, input. up precautions. If using commercially available equipment
6.3 Transducer, output. designed to measure sonic velocity, refer to the manufacturer’s
6.4 Oscilloscope, dual trace with a preamplifier and time set-up and operating instructions. Allow adequate time for the
delay circuity. test apparatus to warm up and stabilize.
6.5 See Fig. 1 for a typical set-up. 8.2 Provide a suitable coupling medium on the transducer
faces.
7. Test Specimen
NOTE 1—Petroleum jelly or grease couple well but may be difficult to
7.1 Specimens may be prisms of any desired length with
remove for subsequent tests on the same specimen.
parallel smooth surfaces. Opposite surfaces across the length,
8.3 Position the transducers on opposite surfaces so that
width, and thickness shall be parallel. The smallest dimension
they provide a mirror image and that the distance between the
shall be greater than 5 times the diameter of the largest
input transducer and the output transducer is minimal and
aggregate in the refractory. The surface on which the transduc-
equals the dimension through which the measurement is
ers will be located must have a width of at least 1.5 times the
performed.
diameter of the transducer being used.
8.4 Bring the transducer faces into intimate contact, but do
7.2 Dry the specimens in an oven at 110°C (230°F) for a
not exceed the manufacturer’s recommended contact pressure.
minimum of 5 h. Cool to room temperature. Test for sonic
8.5 Determine T , the zero time (zero correction) measured
o
velocity within5hof drying
...