ASTM D3919-15

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3919 − 15
Standard Practice for
Measuring Trace Elements in Water by Graphite Furnace
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Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3919; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice covers the general considerations for the
quantitative determination of trace elements in water and
2. Referenced Documents
wastewater by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectropho-
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
tometry. Furnace atomizers are a most useful means of extend-
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
ing detection limits; however, the practice should only be used
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
at concentration levels below the optimum range of direct
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
flame aspiration atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Be-
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
cause of differences between various makes and models of
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
satisfactory instruments, no detailed operating instructions can
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
be provided for each instrument. Instead, the analyst should
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of a
D5673 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively
particular instrument.
Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry
1.2 Wavelengths, estimated detection limits, and optimum
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
concentration ranges are given in the individual methods.
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
Ranges may be increased or decreased by varying the volume
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
of sample injected or the instrumental settings or by the use of
a secondary wavelength. Samples containing concentrations
3. Terminology
higher than those given in the optimum range may be diluted
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
or analyzed by other techniques.
practice, refer to Terminology D1129.
1.3 This technique is generally not applicable to brines and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
seawater. Special techniques such as separation of the trace
3.2.1 graphite furnace, n—an electrothermal graphite de-
elements from the salt, careful temperature control through
vicecapableofreachingthespecifiedtemperaturesrequiredby
ramping techniques, or matrix modification may be useful for
the element being determined.
these samples.
3.2.2 platform or similar device, n— a flat, grooved or
1.4 The analyst is encouraged to consult the literature as
ungrooved piece of pyrolytic graphite (which is inserted in the
provided by the instrument manufacturer as well as various
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graphite tube) on which the sample is placed (1).
trade journals and scientific publications.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Practice
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.1 The element is determined by an atomic absorption
standard.
spectrophotometerusedinconjunctionwithagraphitefurnace.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
The principle is essentially the same as with direct flame
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
aspiration atomic absorption except a furnace, rather than a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
flame,isusedtoatomizethesample.Theelementalatomstobe
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This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents in contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
Water. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
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approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3919 – 08. DOI: The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
10.1520/D3919-15. this standard.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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