ASTM D6801-07(2021)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6801 − 07 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Maximum Spontaneous Heating Temperature of
Art and Other Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6801; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E771 Test Method for Spontaneous Heating Tendency of
Materials (Withdrawn 2001)
1.1 This test method covers a small-scale laboratory proce-
dure to determine the self heating tendency of oil-based
3. Terminology
materials by exposure to elevated temperatures in air in a
3.1 Definitions:
controlled semi-adiabatic system.
3.1.1 maximum spontaneous heating temperature,
1.2 This test method has been developed to address an
n—maximum temperature reached during spontaneous heating
urgent need to identify oil-based materials that may require
under the specified test conditions.
labeling for spontaneous heating tendency. Studies based on
3.1.2 oil-based materials, n—seed and nut oils or materials
this test method may allow the development of a practice to
that contain such oils.
identify such oil-based materials.
3.1.3 spontaneous heating, n—exothermic reaction of a
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
material due to slow or incomplete reaction that results in a
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
temperature rise above that of its surroundings (see Test
only.
Method E771); also called self heating.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2 Symbols:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.1 T —difference between maximum spontaneous heat-
D
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ing temperature and control temperature.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2.2 T —maximum spontaneous heating temperature.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
S
For safety concerns specific to disposal of solvent-soaked rags,
3.2.3 T —control temperature or maximum spontaneous
C
see Appendix X1.
temperature measured over 1 h immediately preceding the
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
beginning of an experiment.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Summary of Test Method
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 A non-woven paper cloth is covered uniformly in
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
9.0 mL of test material mixed with 0.25 mL of 6 to 10 %
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
manganese drier. This covered pad is then put in a small
stainless steel holder with air holes in the sides. This holder is
2. Referenced Documents
placed in a larger chamber, which is opened to the air from the
top and heated until peak temperature is reached. The maxi-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mum spontaneous heating temperature inside the soaked paper
E633 Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-
cloth is recorded with a K thermocouple and maximum
Temperature Mechanical Testing
temperature recorder with the base temperature adjusted to 70
6 2°C.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
5. Significance and Use
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.
5.1 This test method provides a means of accelerating the
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally
tendency of a material toward spontaneous heating that may
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6801 – 07 (2015).
eventually lead to a fire. It is applicable to liquids and pastes.
DOI: 10.1520/D6801-07R21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6801 − 07 (2021)
FIG. 1 Spontaneous Combustion Apparatus
5.2 The spontaneous heating behavior of an oil-based ma- 6.5 Stainless Steel Holder (for paper cloth)—Ten equally
1 1
terial is affected by such factors as the availability of oxygen, spaced 3-mm ( ⁄8-in.) holes are drilled at 13 mm ( ⁄2 in.) above
the amount of driers present, the degree of polymerization of the base. The holder is made with 2 mm ( ⁄16 in.) stainless steel
oils, the surface area of the cellulose material, measures to sheeting to form an open-topped box having a size of 70 mm
3 1 2
prevent heat dissipation, and the amount of oil in contact with (2 ⁄4in.)wideby80mm(3 ⁄8in.)highby30mm(1 ⁄8in.)thick
cellulose material. The degree of spontaneous heating bears (see Fig. 1). Close seams with spot welding.
little relationship to the type of cellulose material to which an
oil-based material comes in contact or whether or not oil 7. Materials
soaked materials are first air dried. Small amounts of
7.1 Non-woven Paper Cloth in rolls, 6.5 to 7.5 g/sheet.
contaminants, such as oil paint, quartz dust, dirt or drier (for
Sheet size is 20 by 30 cm (8 by 12 in.) and sheet density is
example, materials that might be found on a dirty, oil-soaked
0.12 gm⁄cm .
rag), can act as catalysts for this reaction.
7.2 Manganese Drier (manganese naphthenate-2-
6. Apparatus
ethylhexanoate, 6 % Mn by weight) or manganese octanoate,
10 % Mn by weight.
6.1 Constant Temperature Water Bath—set so that the base
internal temperature of the test materials is 70 6 2°C, see Fig.
8. Procedure
1.
8.1 Fill water bat
...