ASTM D6619-00(2023)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6619 − 00 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Practice for
Incorporating Pigments by High Speed Dispersion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6619; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope differences in the millbase, and allow the interested parties to
concentrate on the physical, chemical, or optical methods to be
1.1 This practice covers the dispersion of pigments using a
run.
laboratory size high-speed impeller mill. It is similar in
technical content to ISO 8780-3.
4. Apparatus
NOTE 1—This practice is restricted to mill bases of moderately high
4.1 High-speed Impeller Mill, consisting of a cylindrical
viscosity due to either high vehicle concentration or high pigment
concentration, or both, which can produce high shear force. It is not vessel and a horizontal disk stirrer blade driven by a motor. A
intended to provide a means of formulating either pilot plant or full-scale
disk with a serrated edge is commonly used.
mill base compositions (scaling up the process from laboratory equipment
4.1.1 Drive Unit—The power rating of the drive unit shall
to factory mills is not simple).
be sufficient to maintain the peripheral speed of the disk at an
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
agreed value. A reduced rotational speed shall be available for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
pre-mixing in accordance with 6.2. The motor of the drive unit
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
shall be mounted on a stand together with the impeller shaft so
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
that its height can be adjusted. There shall be a clamping device
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for the vessel at the foot of the stand, such that the impeller
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
shaft is concentric with the vessel.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1.2 Disk and Vessel:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1.2.1 The diameters of the vessel and the disk shall be
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
such that there is adequate clearance between the disk periph-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ery and the walls of the vessel (see Fig. 1). If the disk is
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
serrated, it shall be mounted so that the direction of movement
of the serrations is such that the mill base flows in the
2. Referenced Documents
directions shown in Fig. 1.
2.1 ISO Standards: 4.1.2.2 The degree of dispersion achieved will depend on
the type of disk used. Fig. 1 shows only one type.
ISO 8780-3 Pigments and Extenders—Methods of Disper-
sion for Assessment of Dispersion Characteristics— 4.1.2.3 The type and diameter of the disk, the geometry of
Dispersion Using a High Speed Impeller Mill the vessel, and the speed of the disk shall be agreed upon and
recorded in the test report.
3. Significance and Use
NOTE 2—A vessel with a double wall to allow circulation of a liquid to
3.1 High speed dispersion is a commonly used dispersion control the temperature should be employed, if necessary. A lid with a
central aperture may also be provided.
method in the coatings industry. For the purpose of this
NOTE 3—The diameter of a vessel used in an industrial scale mill is
practice, “high speed” would normally be understood to be a
normally two to three times the diameter of the impeller, or sometimes
range of RPM between 3 000 and 10 000. This practice
even greater. The vessel/disk geometry and the disk speed specified make
provides a reference for its use, so that a producer and user can
allowance for the small diameter of a laboratory disk.
standardize on an incorporation technique. This will minimize
5. Vehicle System
5.1 The vehicle system shall be agreed upon between the
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
interested parties. Agreement will be necessary on the vehicle,
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
the solvent, the concentration of the vehicle in the solvent, as
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials.
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved
well as any critical temperature sensitivity or rheological
in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D6619 – 00 (2016). DOI:
properties (for example viscosity) of the vehicle system. The
10.1520/D6619-00R23.
same batch of vehicle system shall be used for all tests in the
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. same series.
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