ASTM C1427-99a

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Designation: C 1427 – 99a
Specification for
Preformed Flexible Cellular Polyolefin Thermal Insulation in
Sheet and Tubular Form
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope the Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus
C 209 Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
1.1 This specification covers two grades of preformed
C 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-
flexible cellular non-crosslinked polyolefin thermal insulation.
ties of Horizontal Pipe Insulation
Grade 1 is for operating temperatures from –150°F to 200°F
C 390 Criteria for Sampling and Acceptance of Preformed
(–101°C to 93°C). Grade 2 is for operating temperatures from
Thermal Insulation Lots
–40°F to 158°F (–40°C to 70°C). For specific applications, the
C 411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-
actual temperature limit shall be agreed upon between the
Temperature Thermal Insulation
manufacturer and the purchaser.
C 447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Tempera-
1.2 The use of thermal insulation materials covered by this
ture of Thermal Insulations
specification may be governed by building codes that address
C 518 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
fire performance.
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
1.3 This specification covers the physical properties of
the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
preformed flexible cellular non-crosslinked polyolefin thermal
C 585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Rigid
insulation, which have been deemed mandatory for thermal
Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing
design. Physical properties such as density and coefficient of
(NPS System)
thermal expansion (CTE) have been deemed nonmandatory for
C 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission
thermal design. Nonmandatory physical properties have been
Properties From Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements
included in Appendix X1 for information purposes only.
C 1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
as the standard. The metric unit equivalents of inch-pound
C 1114 TestMethodforSteady-StateThermalTransmission
units, given in parentheses, may be approximate.
Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
C 1303 Test Method for Estimating the Long-Term Change
test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification. This
in the Thermal Resistance of Unfaced Rigid Closed Cell
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Plastic Foams by Slicing and Scaling Under Controlled
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Laboratory Conditions
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
C 1304 Test Method for Assessing Odor Emissions of
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
Thermal Insulation Materials
tions prior to use.
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
2. Referenced Documents
D 1622 Test Method forApparent Density of Rigid Cellular
Plastics
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1667 Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials- Vinyl
C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulating Materi-
Chloride Polymers and Copolymers (Closed-Cell Foam)
als
D 3575 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials Made
C 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
from Olefin Polymers
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
E 84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Building Materials
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-16 on
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C 16.22 on
Organic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulation.
Current edition approved November 10, 1999. Published February 2000. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Originally published as C 1427 - 99. Last previous edition C 1427 - 99. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.
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C 1427
TABLE 1 Physical Property Requirements (Type I—Tubular and
E 96 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Mate-
2 Type II—Sheet)
rials
NOTE 1—The values stated inTable 1 may not always be appropriate as
3. Terminology
design values. For specific design recommendations using a particular
product and for supporting documentation, consult the manufacturer.
3.1 Definitions—Termsusedinthisspecificationaredefined
in Terminology C 168 and in Terminology D 883. Property Unit Grade 1 Grade 2
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Use temperature, max °F (°C) 200 (93) 158 (70)
3.2.1 polyolefin—polymers made by the polymerization of
Use temperature, min °F (°C) –150 (–101) –40 (–40)
olefins, such as ethylene or propylene or copolymerization of
Thermal conductivity, max.
olefins with other monomers.
3.2.2 cellular polyolefin—a cellular plastic composed pri-
At a mean temperature of:
marily of olefin material, processed to form a flexible foam –120°F (–84°C) Btu-in./hr-ft -°F 0.29 (0.042)
0°F (–18°C) (W/m K) 0.33 (0.048) 0.33 (0.048)
with a closed cell construction.
75°F (24°C) 0.35 (0.050) 0.35 (0.050)
3.2.2.1 Discussion—These materials are considered foam
120°F (49°C) 0.37 (0.053) 0.37 (0.053)
plastics.
Water-vapor permeability, perm-in 0.05 0.05
3.2.3 natural skin—continuous polymer surface or skin
–9 –9
max. (g/Pa s m) (7.29 3 10 ) (7.29 3 10 )
naturally occurring as a result of the extrusion or production
Water absorption, max., % by volume 0.2 0.2
process, also referred to as “integral skin.”
Flexibility (mandrel bend)
4. Classification
At –120°F (–84°C) Shall not crack
At 32°F (0°C) Shall not crack
4.1 The preformed flexible cellular non-crosslinked poly-
At 75°F (24°C) Shall not crack Shall not crack
olefin thermal insulation shall be of the following types:
4.1.1 Type I—tubular.
Dimensional stability, max. % linear change
4.1.2 Type II—sheet. at –150°F (–101°C) 5.0
at 0°F (–18°C) 5.0 5.0
4.2 The preformed flexible cellular non-crosslinked poly-
at 158°F (70°C) 5.0 5.0
olefin thermal insulation shall be of the following grades:
at 200°F (93°C) 5.0
4.2.1 Grade 1—Use temperature– 150°F to 200°F (–101°C
to 93°C).
TABLE 2 Dimensional Tolerances, in. (mm)
4.2.2 Grade 2—Use temperature– 40°F to 158°F (–40°C to
70°C).
Type I
Inside diameter:
5 1
Up to ⁄8 (16) incl. + ⁄8 (+ 3) –0 (–0)
5. Material
3 1 3
⁄4 (19) to 1- ⁄2 (38) incl. + ⁄16 (+ 5) –0 (–0)
5.1 These products shall be extruded flexible cellular non- 5 3 1
1- ⁄8 (41) to 2- ⁄8 (60) incl. + ⁄4 (+ 6) –0 (–0)
3 3
Over 2- ⁄8 (60) + ⁄8 (+ 10) –0 (–0)
crosslinked polyolefin materials.
5.2 These products may be expanded with hydrochlorofluo-
Wall thicknesses:
3 1
rocarbon gases, hydrofluorocarbon gases, hydrocarbon gases,
Up to ⁄4 (19) + ⁄8 (+ 3) –0 (–0)
3 3
⁄4 and over (19) + ⁄16 (+ 5) –0 (–0)
chemical blowing agents, atmospheric gases, or combination
thereof. These gases may diffuse from the insulation with time
Length: +3 (+ 75) –1 (–25)
after production.
Type II
5.3 Extruded flexible cellular polyolefin materials shall be
of uniform density. Even though these materials may have a
Thickness:
1 1 1
smooth skin surface on one or both sides, they are to be
Up to ⁄2 (13) incl. + ⁄16 (+ 2) – ⁄16 (– 2)
1 3 3
Over ⁄2 (13) + ⁄32 (+ 3) – ⁄32 (– 3)
considered homogeneous for the purposes of determining
thermal performance.
Length and width: + 3 (+ 75) –3 (– 75)
6. Physical Requirements
6.1 Qualification Requirements:
6.1.1 Thermal conductivity, water vapor permeability, and 6.2.4 Compliance with inspection requirements shall be in
dimensional stability;-physical properties listed in Table 1 are accordance with Criteria C 390.
defined as qualification requirements (refer to Criteria C 390, 6.2.5 Both Type I and Type II of Grade 1 and Grade 2
Section 5). insulations shall conform to the physical property requirements
6.2 Inspection Requirements: listed in Table 1.
6.2.1 The requirements for water absorption and flexibility, 6.3 The material shall be free of objectionable odors at all
physical properties listed in Table 1 are defined as inspection temperatures within the recommended use range when tested
requirements (refer to Criteria C 390, Sections 5 and 6). according to C 1304.
6.2.2 All dimensional requirements are described in Section 6.4 Surface Burning Characteristics:
6 and Table 2. 6.4.1 Surface burning characteristics are to be tested for the
6.2.3 All workmanship, finish and appearance requirements thickness supplied in accordance with Test Method E 84 and
are as described in Section 8. the results are to be reported. See Section 1 of Test Method
C 1427
E 84 for information regarding the applicability of this test 11.1.1 When standard test sheets are required for tubular
method for use with cellular plastics. material, they shall be prepared from tubular specimen having
aminimuminnerdiameterof3in.bylongitudinallyslittingthe
NOTE 1—This test does not always define the hazard that may be
tubular specimens along one wall thickness, opening and
presented by preformed flexible cellular polyolefin thermal insulation
laying the specimen flat.
underactualfireconditions.Itisretainedforreferenceinthisspecification
as laboratory test data required by some building codes.
11.2 Apparent Thermal Conductivity:
11.2.1 Type I—Use in accordance with Test Method C 177,
6.4.2 Preformed flexible cellular polyolefin thermal insula-
C 518, C 1114 or C 335 in conjunction with Practice C 1045.
tion is an organic material and is combustible. It should not be
Use standard test sheet for Test Methods C 177, C 518, or
exposed to flames or other ignition sources. The fire perfor-
C 1114.
mance of the material should be addressed through fire test
11.2.1.1 Test Method C 1114 shall not be used at tempera-
requirements established by the appropriate governing docu-
tures or resistance ranges other than those with comparable
ments.
results to Test Method C 177. In case of dispute, Test Method
6.4.3 The surface burning characteristics in the vertical
C 177 is recognized as the final authority.
orientation may be much different from those in the horizontal
orientation.
NOTE 2—Test Method C 335 may be used to determine the apparent
thermal conductivity values for Type 1 tubular material operating at or
7. Standard Shapes, Sizes and Dimensions
above ambient temperature. Normally, Test Method C 335 is not used to
7.1 Type I—Tubular materials are available in 36, 60 or
determine the apparent thermal conductivity values for Type 1 tubular
72-in. (0.91, 1.52 or 1.3-m) standard lengths, as well as,
material operating at or below ambient temperature.
continuous lengths. Tubular insulation is available for pipe
11.2.2 Type II—Use in accordance with Test Methods
sizes up to 4-in. (100–mm) nominal pipe size (NPS) with wall
C 177, C 518 or C 1114 in conjunction with Practice C 1045.
thickness up to 1-in. (25.4–mm).
11.2.2.1 Test Method C 1114 shall not be used at tempera-
7.2 Type II—Sheet and roll material are available in thick-
tures or resistance ranges other than those with comparable
ness up to 1 in. (25 mm). Sheet insulation is available in the
results to Test Method C 177. In case of dispute, Test Method
following sizes: 36 by 48 in. (0.91 by 1.22 m) and 48-in.
C 177 is recognized as the final authority.
(1.22-m) wide continuous lengths.
11.2.3 Tests shall be conducted with a temperature differ-
7.3 Actual dimensions and tolerances shall be agreed upon
entialof50 610°F(25 65°C)betweenthehotandcoldplates
between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The Procedure
of the testing apparatus in accordance with Practice C 1058,
Section and Pipe and Tubing Diameter Section of Practice
Table 3.
C 585 may be beneficial in determining these actual dimen-
11.2.4 All materials shall be aged a minimum of 180 days at
sions.
73 6 4°F (23 6 2°C) and at relative humidity of 5065%in
7.4 TheinsulationshallconformtoTable2unlessotherwise
atmospheric air before measuring the thermal conductivity.
agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser.
Test Method C 1303 may be beneficial in estimating the
8. Surface
long-term change in the thermal resistance of unfaced closed
cell plastic foams by slicing and scaling under controlled
8.1 Type I—All surfaces (except ends and slits that are
mechanically cut) shall have natural skins. laboratoryconditions,providingthematerialmeetstherequire-
ments for homogeneity as defined in Test Method C 1303.
8.2 TypeII—Sheetmaterialisavailableeitherwithoutskins,
with skin on one side or with skin on two sides. The surface 11.3 Water Vapor Permeability:
will be at the manufacturer’s option, unless otherwise speci- 11.3.1 Type I and Type II—Use standard test sheets forType
fied. I. Use Test Method E 96—desiccant method, with the follow-
ing conditions:
9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
11.3.2 The desiccant method shall be performed against a
9.1 The insulation shall be free of visual defects that will
50 6 5 % relative humidity at 73 6 4°F (23 6 2°C).
adversely affect the service quality.
11.3.3 The preferred specimen thickness shall be ⁄2 in. (13
mm) with skin on at least one side.
10. Sampling
11.3.4 The specimen shall be tested so that the skin surface
10.1 The insulation shall be sampled in accordance with
is toward the high humidity.
Criteria C 390. Details shall be agreed upon between the
11.3.5 Allspecimensshallberunaminimumofthreeweeks
purchaser and the supplier.
(504 hrs.) and possibly longer to ensure that equilibrium
10.2 When possible, the insulation shall be tested in the
conditions are reached.
form supplied. However, when Type I does not lend itself to
11.4 Water Absorption: Type I and Type II—Use in accor-
testing or to making of test specimens because of its shape,
dance with Test Methods C 209. Submersion time shall be 2 h.
standard test sheets shall be prepared from material having
11.5 Flexibility:
equivalent physical characteristics to Type I (see 11.1.1).
11.5.1 Scope—This test method provides a test to determine
11. Test Methods
the flexibility of cellular non-crosslinked polyolefin thermal
11.1 The physical requirements enumerated in this specifi- insulation at temperatures that represent the ambient tempera-
cation shall be determined in accordance with the following tu
...