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ASTM D5457-04

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Computing the Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design

Standard Specification for Computing the Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers procedures for computing the reference resistance of wood-based materials and structural connections for use in load and resistance factor design (LRFD). The reference resistance derived from this specification applies to the design of structures addressed by the load combinations in ASCE 7-02.
1.2 A commentary to this specification is provided in Appendix X1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2004
ICS
35.240.60 - IT applications in transport
Technical Committee
D07 - Wood
Drafting Committee
D07.02 - Lumber and Engineered Wood Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5457-93(1998) - Standard Specification for Computing the Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D5457-04a - Standard Specification for Computing Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7290-06(2022) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Material Property Characteristic Values for Polymeric Composites for Civil Engineering Structural Applications
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Referred By
ASTM D5055-19e1 - Standard Specification for Establishing and Monitoring Structural Capacities of Prefabricated Wood I-Joists
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Referred By
ASTM D5456-21e1 - Standard Specification for Evaluation of Structural Composite Lumber Products
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7033-22 - Standard Practice for Establishing Design Capacities for Oriented Strand Board (OSB) Wood-Based Structural-Use Panels
Effective Date
01-May-2004

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ASTM D5457-04 - Standard Specification for Computing the Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor DesignASTM D5457-04 - Standard Specification for Computing the Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design
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ASTM D5457-04 - Standard Specification for Computing the Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 5457 – 04
Standard Specification for
Computing the Reference Resistance of Wood-Based
Materials and Structural Connections for Load and
1
Resistance Factor Design
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5457; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Load and resistance factor design (LRFD) is a structural design method that uses concepts from
reliability theory and incorporates them into a procedure usable by the design community. The basic
design equation requires establishing a reference resistance based on several material property
parameters. A standard method for calculating the required material property input data is critical so
that all wood-based structural materials can be treated equitably. This specification provides the
procedures that are required for the generation of reference resistance for LRFD.
1. Scope D 2718 Test Method for Structural Panels in Planar Shear
(Rolling Shear)
1.1 This specification covers procedures for computing the
D 2719 Test Methods for Structural Panels in Shear
reference resistance of wood-based materials and structural
Through-the-Thickness
connections for use in load and resistance factor design
D 2915 Practice for Evaluating Allowable Properties for
(LRFD). The reference resistance derived from this specifica-
Grades of Structural Lumber
tion applies to the design of structures addressed by the load
D 3043 Methods of Testing Structural Panels in Flexure
combinations in ASCE 7-02.
D 3500 Test Method for Structural Panels in Tension
1.2 A commentary to this specification is provided in
D 3501 Methods of Testing Plywood in Compression
Appendix X1.
D 3737 Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for
2. Referenced Documents Structural Glued Lamiated Timber Glulam
2
D 4761 Test Method for Mechanical Properties of Lumber
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and Wood-Base Structural Material
D 9 Terminology Relating to Wood
D 5055 Specification for Establishing and Monitoring
D 143 Method of Testing Small Clear Specimens of Timber
Structural Capacities of Prefabricated Wood I-Joists
D 198 Methods of Static Tests of Timbers in Structural
D 5456 Specification for Evaluation of Structural Compos-
Sizes
ite Lumber Products
D 1037 Test Methods of Evaluating the Properties of Wood-
E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
2.2 ASCE Standard:
D 1761 Method of Testing Mechanical Fasteners in Wood
ASCE 7-02 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and
D 1990 Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for
3
Other Structures
Visually-Graded Dimension Lumber From In-Grade Tests
of Full-Size Specimens
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For general definitions of terms related to
1
wood, refer to Terminology D 9.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.02 on Lumber and Engineered
3.1.1 coeffıcient of variation, CV —a relative measure of
w
Wood Products.
variability. For this specification, the calculation of CV is
w
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally
based on the shape parameter of the 2-parameter Weibull
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 5457-93(1998).
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Society of Civil Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New
the ASTM website. York, NY 10017-2398.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5457–04
distribution. It is not the traditional sample standard deviation 5. Testing
of the data divided by the sample mean.
5.1 Testing shall be conducted in accordance with appropri-
3.1.2 data confidence factor, V—a factor that is used to
ate standard testing procedures. The intent of the testing shall
adjust member reference resistance for sample variability and
be to develop data that represent the capacity of the product in
sample size. service.
5.2 Periodic Property Assessment—Periodic testing is rec-
3.1.3 distribution percentile, R —the value of the distribu-
p
ommended to verify that the properties of production material
tion associated with proportion, p, of the cumulative distribu-
remain representative of published properties.
tion function.
3.1.4 format conversion factor, K —a fact
...

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4.1 This section lists and explains the characteristics that are used to describe a stationary obstacle.  
4.2 It is essential that sufficient information about the obstacle is recorded using this practice so that the obstacle can be replicated. This will allow comparisons to be made between test method performances that use obstacles with similar characteristics.  
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4.3.1 When describing an obstacle to be utilized in ASTM Committee F45 test methods, two classes are defined:
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4.2.1 Static is when the environment is similar throughout the test apparatus. For example, there are minor fluctuations in temperature throughout the apparatus as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Dynamic is when the environment significantly differs within the test apparatus. For example, when the temperature changes between repetitions as shown in Fig. 3. Transitional is when the environment significantly differs in different areas within the test apparatus as shown in Fig. 4. The intent here is to not give specific guidance, but to provide a high-level classification of a particular set of environmental conditions. If environment consistency is dynamic or transitional, or both, a report form (see Section 7) for each unique set of environmental conditions should be completed.
FIG. 1 Example of Static Environment using Temperature
FIG. 2 Example of Static Environment using Temperature and Showing a Transition between Two Static Environments
FIG. 3 Example of Dynamic Environment using Temperature and Showing that the Environment Changed during the Test
FIG. 4 Example of Transitional Environment using Temperature; Portions of the Environment May Remain Static or May Be Dynamic (for example, Cold to Colder)  
4.3 Lighting:  
4.3.1 Various lighting conditions can potentially affect A-UGV optical sensor performance by affecting sensor and in turn, A-UGV responsiveness. Lighting sources can include ambient lighting as well as light emitters associated A-UGV operation. Two setups for lighting include direct or ambient source(s) applied to the A-UGV. Direct...
SCOPE
1.1 When conducting test methods, it is important to consider the role that the environmental conditions play in the Automatic through Autonomous – Unmanned Ground Vehicle (A-UGV) performance. Various A-UGVs are designed to be operated both indoors and outdoors under conditions specified by the manufacturer. Likewise, end users of the A-UGV will be operating these vehicles in a variety of environmental conditions. When conducting and replicating F45 test methods by vehicle manufacturers and users, it is important to specify and document the environmental conditions under which the A-UGV is to be tested as there will be variations in vehicle performance caused by the conditions, especially when comparing and replicating sets of test results. It is also important to consider changes in environmental conditions during the course of operations (for example, transitions between conditions). As such, environmental conditions specified in this practice are static, dynamic, or transitional, or combinations thereof; with the A-UGV stationary or in motion. This practice provides brief introduction to the following list of environmental conditions that can affect performance of the A-UGV: Lighting, External sensor emission, Temperature, Humidity, Electrical Interference, Air quality, Ground Surface, and Boundaries. This practice then breaks down each condition into sub-categories so that the user can document the various aspects associated with the category prior to A-UGV tests defined in ASTM F45 Test Methods (for example, F3244). It is recommended that salient environment conditions be documented when conducting F45 test methods.  
1.2 The environmental conditions listed in 1.1 to be documented for A-UGV(s) being tested are described and parameterized in Section 4 and allow a basis for performance comparison in test methods. The approach is to divide the list of environmental conditions into sub-conditions that represent the var...

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ASTM
ASTM F3201-16(Practice)
Standard Practice for Ensuring Dependability of Software Used in Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)

SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice intends to ensure the dependability of UAS software. Dependability includes both the safety and security aspects of the software.  
1.2 This practice will focus on the following areas: (a) Organizational controls (for example, management, training) in place during software development. (b) Use of the software in the system, including its architecture and contribution to overall system safety and security. (c) Metrics and design analysis related to assessing the code. (d) Techniques and tools related to code review. (e) Quality assurance. (f) Testing of the software.  
1.3 There is interest from industry and some parts of the CAAs to pursue an alternate means of compliance for software assurance for small UAS (sUAS).  
1.4 This practice is intended to support sUAS operations. It is assumed that the risk of sUAS will vary based on concept of operations, environment, and other variables. The fact that there are no souls onboard the UAS may reduce or eliminate some hazards and risks. However, at the discretion of the CAA, this practice may be applied to other UAS operations.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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