ASTM C1704/C1704M-09a(2023)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1704/C1704M − 09a (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
Sampling and Testing Structural Cementitious Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1704/C1704M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 cross machine direction (XMD), n—the direction per-
pendicular to the machine direction.
1.1 These test methods cover sampling and testing of
3.1.2 edge, n—edges of a panel refer to the long side of a
structural cementitious panels. Structural cementitious panels
rectangular panel. For example, on a 4 by 8 ft panel, the edges
are non-combustible, water durable, fiber reinforced inorganic
refer to the sides of the panel that are 8 ft long.
composite panels intended for use as structural panels when
fastened to supports spaced in accordance with the span rating
3.1.3 end, n—the end of a panel refers to the short side of a
in inches.
rectangular panel. For example, on a 4 by 8 ft panel, the end
refers to the side of the panel that is 4 ft long.
1.2 These test methods are utilized in evaluating products
cited in Specification C1705/C1705M.
3.1.4 fiber reinforced inorganic composite, n—a composite
material composed primarily of inorganic matrix materials
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
reinforced primarily with inorganic fibers. Inorganic aggre-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
gates may be combined with the inorganic matrix.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining 3.1.5 machine direction (MD), n—the direction the board
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance travels during manufacture.
with the standard.
3.1.6 non-combustibility, adj—term intended to describe
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the products that do not ignite and/or burn when subjected to fire.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Test methods are generally specified by reputable agencies
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- such as ASTM, Factory Mutual, Underwriters Lab Inc., and so
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- forth.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.7 plant specification, n—the plant specification is unique
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
to each qualified product under a given performance standard.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
The specification is used in the plant quality program as
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
audited under the approved quality control program.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.8 performance standard, n—a standard for products
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
based on performance. Performance is measured by tests that
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
approximate end-use conditions.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.9 qualification policy, n—policy that describes the pro-
cedures by which a plant may obtain span rating privileges for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
performance-rated products policy.
C1705/C1705M Specification for Structural Cementitious
Panels
3.1.10 quality assurance policy, n—policy covering the
third-party auditing of plant’s quality control program.
3. Terminology
3.1.11 reference value, n—the numerical value established
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
for the plant specification for a given mechanical or physical
property.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on Precast
3.1.12 sample average, n—the average test value, obtained
Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.40 on Glass
Fiber Reinforced Concrete. by summing the observations and dividing by the number of
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally
tests.
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C1704/
3.1.13 sample panel, n—structural cementitious panel from
C1704M – 09a(2016). DOI: 10.1520/C1704_C1704M-09AR23
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
which test specimens are cut and conditioned as necessary.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.14 sample standard deviation, n—a measure of test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. variation, calculated as:
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C1704/C1704M − 09a (2023)
2 5.1.3 Calculation and Report—Calculate the water absorp-
=
S 5 @ x 2 ~ x! /n#/n 2 1 (1)
( (
tion for each specimen using the following equation:
where:
W 5 W 2 W /W ·100 (2)
~ !
A W I I
S = sample standard deviation,
where:
x = test observation, and
n = number of observations. W = water absorption (%),
A
W = wet weight of specimen, lb (g), and
W
3.1.15 span rating, n—the recommended maximum center-
W = initial weight of specimen, lb (g).
I
to-center support spacing in inches for the specified end use
under normal use conditions.
5.1.3.1 The average water absorption of the specimens shall
be the arithmetic mean value obtained from testing the four
3.1.16 specimen, n—the individual test piece cut from a
specimens. Report the arithmetic mean of the complete speci-
sample panel.
men set.
3.1.17 structural cementitious panel, n—non-combustible,
5.1.4 Precision and Bias:
water durable, fiber reinforced inorganic composite panels
5.1.4.1 Precision—The precision of the water absorption
intended for use as structural panels.
test procedure in this standard is being determined.
3.1.18 test exposure condition, n—the condition to which a
5.1.4.2 Bias—The bias for the water absorption test proce-
panel is subjected prior to test. Generally, such conditions are
dure in this standard is being determined.
referred to as the dry or wet conditions.
5.2 Density:
3.1.19 test specimen, n—specimens cut from a sample panel
5.2.1 Significance and Use—This is routine test. The values
that are used for testing.
are relative. The test is made to determine the density of the
3.1.20 water durability, n—performance of a product after
product and determine uniformity of the product.
sustained immersion in water for a specified period of time.
5.2.2 Procedure—Specimens shall be cut from test panels at
or before 28 days after manufacture (wet cast). Specimens shall
4. Sampling and Inspection
be minimum 4 by 4 in. (101.6 by 101.6 mm). Specimens shall
be cut from the interior area of each sample panel in such a
4.1 Panel samples shall be selected in sufficient quantity to
manner that no edge of a specimen is less than 3 in. (76.2 mm)
enable statistical analysis. Test specimens prepared from panel
from the original edges of the sample panel. A minimum of
samples shall be sufficient in number to enable statistical
four specimens shall be prepared. Record the length, width,
analysis.
thickness, and weight of each specimen.
5.2.3 Calculation and Report—Calculate the density for
5. Test Methods
each specimen using the following equation:
5.1 Water Absorption:
For inch 2 pound units:D 5 W /@~L·W·t!/1728# (3)
5.1.1 Significance and Use—This is routine test. The values S
are relative. The test is made to determine the tendency of a
where:
product to absorb water and determine uniformity of the
D = density of specimen, lb/ft ,
product.
W = weight of specimen, lb,
S
5.1.2 Procedure—Specimens shall be cut from sample pan-
L = length of specimen, in.,
els at or before 28 days after manufacture (wet cast). Speci-
W = width of specimen, in., and
mens shall be minimum 4 by 4 in. (101.6 by 101.6 mm).
t = thickness of specimen, in.
Specimens shall be cut from the interior area of each sample
For SI units:D 5 W /~L·W·t! (4)
S
panel in such a manner that no edge of a specimen is less than
3 in. (76.2 mm) from the original edges of the sample panel. where:
The specimens will be equilibrium conditioned by placing
D = density of specimen, kg/m ,
them for at least four days (thickness < ⁄2 in. (12 mm)) or at
W = weight of specimen, kg,
S
least seven days (thickness ≥ ⁄2 in. (12 mm)) in a controlled L = length of specimen, m,
W = width of specimen, m, and
atmosphere of 73 6 4°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 5 % relative
t = thickn
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