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ASTM D5072-98

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water (Withdrawn 2008)

Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water (Withdrawn 2008)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The most prevalent of the radon isotopes in ground water is radon-222. This isotope presents the greatest health risk compared to the other naturally occurring radon isotopes if ingested via the water pathway.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of radon in drinking water in concentrations above 0.04 Bq/L.
1.2 This test method may be used for absolute measurements by calibrating with a radium-226 standard or for relative measurements by comparing the measurements made with each other.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
Rationale
This test method covers the measurement of radon in drinking water in concentrations above 0.04 Bq/L.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D19 on Water, this test method was withdrawn in November 2008 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Apr-1998
Withdrawal Date
16-Nov-2008
ICS
13.060.60 - Examination of physical properties of water
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.04 - Methods of Radiochemical Analysis
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D5072-09 - Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water
Effective Date
01-Feb-2009

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ASTM D5072-98 - Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water (Withdrawn 2008)ASTM D5072-98 - Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water (Withdrawn 2008)
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ASTM D5072-98 - Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water (Withdrawn 2008)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5072–98
Standard Test Method for
1
Radon in Drinking Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5072; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of radon in 5.1 The most prevalent of the radon isotopes in ground
drinking water in concentrations above 0.04 Bq/L. water is radon-222. This isotope presents the greatest health
1.2 This test method may be used for absolute measure- risk compared to the other naturally occurring radon isotopes if
ments by calibrating with a radium-226 standard or for relative ingested via the water pathway.
measurements by comparing the measurements made with
6. Interferences
each other.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety 6.1 Other radionuclides soluble in the scintillation mix may
interfere. Water that is contaminated with high energy beta/
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and gamma emitters, even though they are not soluble in the
scintillation mix, may also interfere.These interferences would
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. be rare in drinking water samples but may be observed in some
cases.
2. Referenced Documents
7. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
7.1 Sampling Funnel.
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
2
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water 7.2 Tube, with standard faucet fitting.
7.3 Disposable Syringe, 12 mL capacity, with 20 gage, 38
D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
2
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D-19 on Water mm (1 in.) hypodermic needle.
7.4 Glass Liquid Scintillation Vials, 20 mL capacity with
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-
2
duits polyethylene inner seal cap liners.
7.5 Liquid Scintillation Counter.
3. Terminology
8. Reagents and Materials
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
method, refer to Terminology D 1129 and to other published 8.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
glossaries.
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
4. Summary of Test Method
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
3
4.1 Thistestmethodisbasedonthescintillationcountingof where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
radon-222 and its daughters, a gaseous daughter product of used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
radium-226. sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
4.2 An aliquot of unaerated water is drawn into a syringe accuracy of the determination.
then gently injected beneath 10 mL of liquid scintillation mix
that does not contain an emulsifier. The vials are capped,
shaken, and allowed to stand 3 h prior to counting. A
commercial liquid scintillation counter is used to count the
sample.
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.04onMethodsofRadiochemi- Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
cal Analysis. listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Current edition approved April 10, 1998. Published March 1999. Originally Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
published as D 5072–92. and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5072–98
8.2 Purity of Water— Unless otherwise indicated, refer- 10.7 Countthestandardandbackgroundsamplesfor50min
ences to water shall be understood to mean conforming to or longer.
4
Specification D 1193, Type III.
11. Procedure
8.3 Radioactive Purity—Radioactive purity shall be such
that the measured radioactivity of blank samples does not 11.1 Clean scintillation vials with alcohol and add 10 mLof
exceed the calculated probable error of measurements. scintillation mix.
8.4 Radium-226 Solution Standard, traceable to the Na- 11.2 CollectunaeratedsampleinaccordancewithSection9.
tional Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). 11.3 Placethetipofthehypodermicneedleapproximately3
8.5 Scintillation Cocktail Mix,
...

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4.4.1 Table 1 describing technologies and reporting results. Those technologies listed are appropriate for the range of measurement prescribed in this test method are mentioned, though others may come available. Fig. X3.1 from Appendix X3 contains a flowchart to assist in technology selection.  
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1.1 This test method covers the on-line and in-line determination of high-level turbidity in water that is greater than 1.0 turbidity units (TU) in municipal, industrial and environmental usage.  
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1.3 This test method is applicable to the measurement of turbidities greater than 1.0 TU. The absolute range is dictated by the technology that is employed.  
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5.1 Turbidity is monitored to help control processes, monitor the health and biology of aquatic environments and to determine the impact of environmental events such as storms, floods, runoff, etc. Turbidity is undesirable in drinking water, plant-effluent waters, water for food and beverage production, and for a large number of other water-dependent manufacturing processes. Turbidity is often reduced by coagulation, sedimentation and water filtration. The measurement of turbidity may indicate the presence of particle-bound contaminants and is vital for monitoring the completion of a particle-waste settling process. Significant uses of turbidity measurements include:  
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1.1 This test method covers the in-situ field measurements of turbidity in surface water. The measurement range is greater than 1 TU and the lesser of 10 000 TU or the maximum measurable TU value specified by the turbidimeter manufacturer.  
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Range  
Sections  
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10 to 200 000  
12 to 18  
Measurement of Static (Non-Flowing) Samples  
μS/cm  
Test Method B—Continuous In-Line Measure  
5 to 200 000  
19 to 23  
ment  
μS/cm  
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1.1 These practices provide directions for the preparation of the sample for analysis, the preliminary examination of the sample, and methods for dissolving the analytical sample or selectively separating constituents of concern.  
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Sections  
Preparation of the Analytical Sample  
8  
Preliminary Testing of the Analytical Sample  
9  
Dissolving the Analytical Sample  
10  
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5.1 Fe-55 is formed in reactor coolant systems of nuclear reactors by activation of stable iron. The 55Fe is not completely removed by waste processing systems and some is released to the environment by means of normal waste liquid discharges. Power plants are required to monitor these discharges for 55Fe as well as other radionuclides.  
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SCOPE
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5.1 This test method has not been evaluated for all possible matrices. Test method suitability should be determined on specific waters of interest.
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1.1 This test method describes a solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure to separate 99Tc from environmental water (non-process-related or effluent water samples). Technetium-99 beta activity is measured by liquid scintillation spectrometry.  
1.2 This test method is designed to measure 99Tc in the range of approximately 0.037 Bq/L (1.0 pCi/L) or greater for a one litre sample.  
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