ASTM D3240-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Undissolved (free) water in aviation fuel can encourage the growth of microorganisms and subsequent corrosion in the tanks of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling equipment by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of undissolved water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample container. The usual range of test readings covers from 1 to 60 ppm of free water. This test method does not detect water dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel streams can vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water solubility in the fuel.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D3240–05
Standard Test Method for
1
Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3240; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling
equipment by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementofundissolved
water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without
5. Apparatus
exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample
,
2 3
5.1 Test Pad Rater—A device for comparing the fluores-
container. The usual range of test readings covers from 1 to 60
cence of the test pad to a known standard, while both are
ppm of free water. This test method does not detect water
illuminated by the same source of UV light, shall be used. The
dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel
amount of UV light striking the standard shall be modulated
streams can vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water
until the total fluorescence of the test pad and the standard are
solubility in the fuel.
equal; this shall be determined using a photocell bridge circuit
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
null indicator. The light modulating device for controlling the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
UV light striking the standard shall provide a direct reading in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
parts per million by volume of free water.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.2 Test Pads—Absorbent filter disks of 25-mm diameter
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
shall be coated on one side with uranine (sodium fluorescein)
2. Terminology dye at a concentration of 0.23 to 0.29 mg per 25 mm pad. The
3,4
test pads shall be individually packaged in hermetically
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
sealed envelopes or other suitable containers. Fresh, unused
2.1.1 free water—water not dissolved in the fuel.
test pads shall have an orange color over the dyed surface.Any
3. Summary of Test Method
discoloration, unevenness in dye content, or faded (to a yellow
color) appearance shall be cause for rejection.
3.1 Ameasured sample of fuel is passed through as uranine
,
3 5
5.3 Test Pad Holder and Sampling Line—A test pad
dye-treated filter pad. Undissolved (free) water in the fuel will
holder and sampling line shall be used to draw the fuel sample
react with the uranine dye. When the pad is subsequently
through the test pad at a rate of 600 to 800 mL/min. Means
illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) light, the dye previously
shall be provided to flush the test pad sampling line and holder
contacted by free water will fluoresce a bright yellow with the
immediately prior to use. The test pad holder shall include an
brightness increasing for increasing amounts of free water in
orifice of 1-mm (0.040-in.) diameter upstream of the pad to
the fuel.The UVlight-illuminated pad is compared to a known
disperse water droplets in the fuel.
standardusingaphotocellcomparator,andthefreewaterinthe
5.4 Tweezers—Suitable clean, dry tweezers shall be used at
fuel sample is read out in parts per million by volume. By
all times when handling the test pad.
varying the fuel sample size, the range of the test method can
be increased.
2
The Aqua-Glo Series II instrument manufactured by Gammon Technical
4. Significance and Use
Products, Inc., P.O. Box 400, Manasquan, NJ 08736-0400 was used in the precision
test program. The unit is currently available in a Series V configuration, which is
4.1 Undissolved (free) water in aviation fuel can encourage
changed only in the power supply.All water content measuring components remain
the growth of microorganisms and subsequent corrosion in the
of the same configuration as the Series II instrument. Manufacturers who wish to
tanks of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel
offer similar products are referred to Committee D02 Equipment Replacement
Guidelines.
3
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on is Gammon Technical Products Inc., P.O. Box 400, Manasquan, NJ 08736-0400. If
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
D02.J0 on Aviation Fuels. International He
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D 3240–91(Reapproved 2001) Designation: D3240 – 05
Standard Test Method for
1
Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3240; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of undissolved water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without
exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample container. The usual range of test readings covers from 1 to 60 ppm
of free water. This test method does not detect water dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel streams can
vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water solubility in the fuel.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1Definition of a Term Specific to This Standard:
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1.1 free water—water not dissolved in the fuel.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 Ameasured sample of fuel is passed through as uranine dye-treated filter pad. Undissolved (free) water in the fuel will react
with the uranine dye. When the pad is subsequently illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) light, the dye previously contacted by free
water will fluoresce a bright yellow with the brightness increasing for increasing amounts of free water in the fuel. The UV
light-illuminated pad is compared to a known standard using a photocell comparator, and the free water in the fuel sample is read
out in parts per million by volume. By varying the fuel sample size, the range of the test method can be increased.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Undissolved(free)waterinaviationfuelcanencouragethegrowthofmicroorganismsandsubsequentcorrosioninthetanks
of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling equipment
by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
5. Apparatus
2,3
5.1 Test Pad Rater—Adevice for comparing the fluorescence of the test pad to a known standard, while both are illuminated
by the same source of UV light, shall be used. The amount of UV light striking the standard shall be modulated until the total
fluorescence of the test pad and the standard are equal; this shall be determined using a photocell bridge circuit null indicator. The
light modulating device for controlling the UV light striking the standard shall provide a direct reading in parts per million by
volume of free water.
5.2 Test Pads—Absorbent filter disks of 25-mm diameter shall be coated on one side with uranine (sodium fluorescein) dye at
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0 on
Aviation Fuels.
Current edition approved May 15, 1991. Published July 1991. Originally published as D 3240–73T. Last previous edition D 3240–86a.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D3240–91(2001). DOI:
10.1520/D3240-05.
2
TheAqua-GloSeriesIIinstrumentmanufacturedbyGammonTechnicalProducts,Inc.,P.O.Box400,Manasquan,NJ08736-0400wasusedintheprecisiontestprogram.
The unit is currently available in a Series III configurationV configuration, which is changed only in the power supply. All water content measuring components remain of
the same configuration as the Series II instrument. Manufacturers who wish to offer similar products are referred to Committee D02 Equipment Replacement Guidelines.
3
Aqua-Glo test pads used in the Precision Test Program are available from Gammon Technical Products Inc., P.O. Box 400, Manasquan, NJ 08736-0400.
3
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Gammon Technical Products Inc., P.O. Box 400, Manasquan, NJ 08736-0400.Ifyou
are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive car
...
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