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ASTM E2121-03

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings

Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of the methods, systems, and designs described in this practice is to reduce radiation exposures for occupants of residential buildings caused by radon and its progeny. The goal of mitigation is to maintain reduced radon concentrations in occupiable areas of buildings at levels as low as reasonably achievable. This practice includes sections on reducing radiation exposure caused by radon and its progeny for workers who install and repair radon mitigation systems. The goal for workers is to reduce exposures to radon and its progeny to levels as low as reasonably achievable.
The methods, systems, designs, and materials described here have been shown to have a high probability of success in mitigating radon in attached and detached residential buildings, three stories or less in height (see EPA, “Radon Reduction Techniques for Existing Detached Houses, Technical Guidance (Third Edition) for Active Soil Depressurization Systems”). Application of these methods does not, however, guarantee reduction of radon levels below any specific level, since performance will vary with site conditions, construction characteristics, weather, and building operation.
When applying this practice, contractors also shall conform to all applicable local, state, and federal regulations, and laws pertaining to residential building construction, remodeling, and improvement.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes methods for reducing radon entry into existing attached and detached residential buildings three stories or less in height. This practice is intended for use by trained, certified or licenced, or both, or otherwise qualified individuals.
1.2 These methods are based on radon mitigation techniques that have been effective in reducing radon levels in a wide range of residential buildings and soil conditions. These fan powered mitigation methods are listed in Appendix X1. More detailed information is contained in references cited throughout this practice.
1.3 This practice is intended to provide radon mitigation contractors with a uniform set of practices that will ensure a high degree of safety and the likelihood of success in retrofitting low rise residential buildings with radon mitigation systems.
1.4 The methods described in this practice apply to currently occupied or formerly occupied residential buildings, including buildings converted or being converted to residential use, as well as, residential buildings changed or being changed by addition(s), or alteration(s), or both. The radon reduction activities performed on new dwellings, while under construction, before occupancy, and for up to one year after occupancy, are covered by Guide E1465.
1.5 This practice also is intended as a model set of practices, which can be adopted or modified by state and local jurisdictions, to fulfill objectives of their specific radon contractor certification or licensure programs. Radon mitigation performed in accordance with this practice is considered ordinary repair.
1.6 The methods addressed in this practice include the following categories of contractor activity: general practices, building investigation, systems design, systems installation, materials, monitors and labeling, post-mitigation testing, and documentation.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for specific safety hazards.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Feb-2003
ICS
91.120.99 - Other standards related to protection of and in buildings
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.41 - Air Leakage and Ventilation Performance
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2121-02a - Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings
Effective Date
10-Feb-2003
Replaced By
ASTM E2121-08 - Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings
Effective Date
15-Jun-2008
Referred By
ASTM D7297-21 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Residential Indoor Air Quality Concerns
Effective Date
10-Feb-2003
Referred By
ASTM E2435-05(2020) - Standard Guide for Application of Engineering Controls to Facilitate Use or Redevelopment of Chemical-Affected Properties
Effective Date
10-Feb-2003

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ASTM E2121-03 - Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential BuildingsASTM E2121-03 - Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings
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ASTM E2121-03 - Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2121–03
Standard Practice for
Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise
1
Residential Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This practice describes methods for reducing radon
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
entry into existing attached and detached residential buildings
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
three stories or less in height. This practice is intended for use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for
by trained, certified or licenced, or both, or otherwise qualified
specific safety hazards.
individuals.
1.2 Thesemethodsarebasedonradonmitigationtechniques
2. Referenced Documents
that have been effective in reducing radon levels in a wide
2.1 ASTM Standards:
range of residential buildings and soil conditions. These fan
2
E 631 Terminology of Building Constructions
powered mitigation methods are listed in Appendix X1. More
E 779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by
detailedinformationiscontainedinreferencescitedthroughout
2
Fan Pressurization
this practice.
E 1465 Guide for Radon Control Options for the Design
1.3 This practice is intended to provide radon mitigation
2
and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential Buildings
contractors with a uniform set of practices that will ensure a
E 1745 Specification for Plastic Water Vapor Retarders
high degree of safety and the likelihood of success in retrofit-
Used in ContactWith Soil or Granular Fill Under Concrete
ting low rise residential buildings with radon mitigation
3
Slabs
systems.
E 1998 Guide for Assessing Depressurization-Induced
1.4 The methods described in this practice apply to cur-
Backdrafting and Spillage fromVented CombustionAppli-
rently occupied or formerly occupied residential buildings,
3
ances
including buildings converted or being converted to residential
2.2 Government Publications:
use, as well as, residential buildings changed or being changed
EPA “A Citizen’s Guide to Radon (Second Edition),” EPA
by addition(s), or alteration(s), or both. The radon reduction
4
402-K92-001, May 1992
activities performed on new dwellings, while under construc-
EPA “Consumer’s Guide to Radon Reduction,” EPA 402-
tion, before occupancy, and for up to one year after occupancy,
4
K92-003, August, 1992
are covered by Guide E 1465.
EPA “Home Buyers and Sellers Guide,” EPA 402–K-
1.5 Thispracticealsoisintendedasamodelsetofpractices,
4
00–008, July 2000
which can be adopted or modified by state and local jurisdic-
EPA “Handbook, Sub-Slab Depressurization for Low-
tions, to fulfill objectives of their specific radon contractor
Permeability Fill Material,” EPA/625/6-91/029, July
certification or licensure programs. Radon mitigation per-
4
1991
formed in accordance with this practice is considered ordinary
EPA “Radon Reduction Techniques for Existing Detached
repair.
Houses, Technical Guidance (Second Edition),” EPA/
1.6 The methods addressed in this practice include the
4
625/5–87/019, Revised January, 1988
following categories of contractor activity: general practices,
EPA “Radon Reduction Techniques for Existing Detached
building investigation, systems design, systems installation,
Houses, Technical Guidance (Third Edition) for Active
materials, monitors and labeling, post-mitigation testing, and
Soil Depressurization Systems,” EPA/625/R-93-011, Oc-
documentation.
4
tober, 1993
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-
2
mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.41 onAir Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.11.
3
Leakage and Ventilation Performance. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.12.
4
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2003. Published February 2003. Originally Available from the U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency, 1200 Pennsylvania
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 2121–02a. Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2121–03
EPA “Radon Mitigation Standards,” EPA 402-R-93-078, activities or is an employee of one who contracts to perform or
2
April, 1994 performs radon reduction activities, with the expectation that
EPA “National Emission Standard for Asbestos,” 40 CFR
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Air infiltration into the conditioned space of a building accounts for a significant portion of the thermal space condition load. Air infiltration can affect occupant comfort by producing drafts, cause indoor air quality problems by carrying outdoor pollutants into occupied building space and, in hot humid climates, can deposit moisture in the building envelope resulting in deterioration of building envelope components. In cold climates, exfiltration of conditioned air out of a building can deposit moisture in the building envelope causing deterioration of building envelope components. Differential pressure across the building envelope and the presence of air leakage sites cause air infiltration and exfiltration (1).4  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The purpose of the methods, systems, and designs described in this practice is to reduce radiation exposures for occupants of residential buildings caused by radon and its progeny. The goal of mitigation is to maintain reduced radon concentrations in occupiable areas of buildings at levels as low as reasonably achievable. This practice includes sections on reducing radiation exposure caused by radon and its progeny for workers who install and repair radon mitigation systems. The goal for workers is to reduce exposures to radon and its progeny to levels as low as reasonably achievable.  
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Standard Practices for Air Leakage Site Detection in Building Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Air infiltration into the conditioned space of a building accounts for a significant portion of the thermal space condition load. Air infiltration can affect occupant comfort by producing drafts, cause indoor air quality problems by carrying outdoor pollutants into occupied building space and, in hot humid climates, can deposit moisture in the building envelope resulting in deterioration of building envelope components. In cold climates, exfiltration of conditioned air out of a building can deposit moisture in the building envelope causing deterioration of building envelope components. Differential pressure across the building envelope and the presence of air leakage sites cause air infiltration and exfiltration (1).4  
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5.4 The techniques for air leakage site detection covered in these practices allow for a wide range of flexibility in the choice of techniques that are best suited for detecting various types of air leakage sites in specific situations.  
5.5 The infrared scanning technique for air leakage site detection has the advantage of rapid surveying capability. Entire building exterior surfaces or inside wall surfaces are covered with a single scan or a simple scanning action, provided there are no obscuring thermal effec...
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover standardized techniques for locating air leakage sites in building envelopes and air barrier systems.  
1.2 Individual practices provide advantages for specific applications.  
1.3 Some of the practices require a knowledge of infrared scanning, building and test chamber pressurization and depressurization, smoke and fog generation techniques, sound generation and detection, and tracer gas concentration measurement techniques.  
1.4 The practices described are of a qualitative nature in determining the air leakage sites rather than determining quantitative leakage rates.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E2121-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The purpose of the methods, systems, and designs described in this practice is to reduce radiation exposures for occupants of residential buildings caused by radon and its progeny. The goal of mitigation is to maintain reduced radon concentrations in occupiable areas of buildings at levels as low as reasonably achievable. This practice includes sections on reducing radiation exposure caused by radon and its progeny for workers who install and repair radon mitigation systems. The goal for workers is to reduce exposures to radon and its progeny to levels as low as reasonably achievable.  
5.2 The methods, systems, designs, and materials described here have been shown to have a high probability of success in mitigating radon in attached and detached residential buildings, three stories or less in height (see EPA, “Radon Reduction Techniques for Existing Detached Houses, Technical Guidance (Third Edition) for Active Soil Depressurization Systems”). Application of these methods does not, however, guarantee reduction of radon levels below any specific level, since performance will vary with site conditions, construction characteristics, weather, and building operation.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes methods for reducing radon entry into existing attached and detached residential buildings three stories or less in height. This practice is intended for use by trained, certified or licensed, or both, or otherwise qualified individuals.  
1.2 These methods are based on radon mitigation techniques that have been effective in reducing radon levels in a wide range of residential buildings and soil conditions. These fan powered mitigation methods are listed in Appendix X1. More detailed information is contained in references cited throughout this practice.  
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1.4 The methods described in this practice apply to currently occupied or formerly occupied residential buildings, including buildings converted or being converted to residential use, as well as residential buildings changed or being changed by addition(s) or alteration(s), or both. The radon reduction activities performed on new dwellings, while under construction, before occupancy, and for up to one year after occupancy, are covered by Practice E1465.  
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1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for specific safety hazards.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles...

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Standard Practice for Installation and Use of Radiant Barrier Systems (RBS) in Commercial/Industrial Building Construction

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In this practice it is recognized that effectiveness, safety, and durability of an RBS depends not only on the quality of the materials, but also on proper installation.  
4.2 Improper installation of an RBS will reduce the thermal effectiveness, cause fire risks and other unsafe conditions, and promote deterioration of the structure in which it is installed. Improper installations include fires caused by: (1) heat buildup in recessed lighting fixtures, (2) deterioration or failure of electrical wiring components, and (3) deterioration in wood structures and paint failure as a result of moisture accumulation.  
4.3 This practice provides direction for the installation of RBS products in a safe and effective manner. Actual conditions in existing buildings vary greatly and care shall be taken to ensure safe and effective installation.  
4.4 In this practice, requirements are presented that are both general and specific in nature and practical. They are not intended as specific instructions unless so indicated. The user shall consult the manufacturer for application and installation methods. The requirements in this practice shall be the minimum material and installation requirements for RBS.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice has been prepared for use by the designer, specifier, builder, and the installer of radiant barrier systems (RBS) for use in commercial/industrial building construction not otherwise restricted from use. The scope is limited to instruction relative to the use and installation of RBS, including a surface(s) normally having an emittance of 0.1 or less, such as metallic foil or metallic foil deposits, mounted on substrates. Some examples that this practice is intended to address include: (1) low-emittance surfaces in vented building envelope cavities intended to retard radiant transfer across the airspace: (2) low-emittance surfaces at interior building surfaces intended to retard radiant transfer to, or from, building inhabitants; and (3) low-emittance surface at interior building surfaces intended to reduce radiant transfer to, or from, radiant heating or cooling systems.  
1.2 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through the post-installation procedure. It does not cover the production of the radiant barrier materials. (See Specification C1313.)  
1.3 This practice is not intended to replace the manufacturer’s installation instructions but shall be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supercede local, state, federal, or international codes.  
1.4 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a good working knowledge of the applicable codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for installation of radiant barrier materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals of commercial/industrial building construction that affect the installation of RBS.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Sections 5 and 7.  
1.7 When the installation or use of radiant barrier materials, accessories, and systems has the potential to pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the use of the product of the company and shall also specify protective measures.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with inte...

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ASTM
ASTM C1743-19(Practice)
Standard Practice for Installation and Use of Radiant Barrier Systems (RBS) in Residential Building Construction

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In this practice it is recognized that effectiveness, safety, and durability of an RBS depends not only on the quality of the materials, but also on proper installation.  
4.2 Improper installation of an RBS will reduce the thermal effectiveness, cause fire risks and other unsafe conditions, and promote deterioration of the structure in which it is installed. Improper installations include fires caused by: (1) heat buildup in recessed lighting fixtures, (2) deterioration or failure of electrical wiring components, and (3) deterioration in wood structures and paint failure as a result of moisture accumulation.  
4.3 This practice provides directions for the installation of RBS products in a safe and effective manner. Actual conditions in existing buildings vary greatly and care shall be taken to ensure safe and effective installation.  
4.4 In this practice requirements are presented that are both general and specific in nature and practical. They are not intended as specific instructions unless so indicated. The user shall consult the manufacturer for recommended application and installation methods. The requirements in this practice shall be the minimum material and installation requirements for RBS.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice has been prepared for use by the designer, specifier, builder, and the installer of radiant barrier systems (RBS) for use in (multi- and single-family) residential building construction, not otherwise restricted from use. The scope is limited to instructions relative to the use and installation of RBS, including a surface(s) normally having an emittance of 0.1 or less, such as metallic foil or metallic foil deposits, mounted on substrates. Some examples that this practice is intended to address include: (1) low-emittance surfaces in vented building envelope cavities intended to retard radiant transfer across the airspace: (2) low-emittance surfaces at interior building surfaces intended to retard radiant transfer to, or from, building inhabitants; and (3) low-emittance surface at interior building surfaces intended to reduce radiant transfer to, or from, radiant heating or cooling systems.  
1.2 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through the post-installation procedure. It does not cover the production of the radiant barrier materials. (See Specification C1313.)  
1.3 This practice is not intended to replace the manufacturer’s installation instructions but shall be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supercede local, state, federal, or international codes.  
1.4 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a good working knowledge of the applicable codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for installation of radiant barrier materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals of residential building construction that affect the installation of RBS.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Sections 5 and 7.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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