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ASTM E2023-10(2014)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Fabrication of Neutron Radiographic Sensitivity Indicators

Standard Practice for Fabrication of Neutron Radiographic Sensitivity Indicators

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The only truly valid image quality indicator is a material or component, equivalent to the part being neutron radiographed, with a known standard discontinuity, inclusion, omission or flaw (reference standard comparison part). The SI is designed to substitute for the reference standard, providing qualitative information on hole and gap sensitivity in a single unit. Fabrication in accordance with this practice is vital for accurate and consistent measurements.  
5.2 This practice shall be followed for the fabrication of all SIs to be used with Method E545 to determine image quality in direct thermal neutron radiography.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the fabrication of Sensitivity Indicators (SI), which can be used to determine the relative quality of radiographic images produced by direct, thermal neutron radiographic examination.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded to be standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2014
ICS
37.040.25 - Radiographic films
Technical Committee
E07 - Nondestructive Testing
Drafting Committee
E07.05 - Radiology (Neutron) Method
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2023-10 - Standard Practice for Fabrication of Neutron Radiographic Sensitivity Indicators
Effective Date
01-Oct-2014
Referred By
ASTM E545-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining Image Quality in Direct Thermal Neutron Radiographic Examination
Effective Date
01-Oct-2014

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Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2023 − 10 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Fabrication of Neutron Radiographic Sensitivity Indicators
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope radiographic sensitivity with respect to the step-block material,
aswellasoptionalsubjectivedata,regardingdetrimentallevels
1.1 This practice covers the fabrication of Sensitivity Indi-
of gamma exposure.
cators (SI), which can be used to determine the relative quality
of radiographic images produced by direct, thermal neutron 4.2 NeutronradiographypracticesarediscussedinPractices
radiographic examination. E748. The neutron radiograph used to determine image quality
using the SI shall meet the requirements of Method E545.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded to be
standard.
5. Significance and Use
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Theonlytrulyvalidimagequalityindicatorisamaterial
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
or component, equivalent to the part being neutron
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
radiographed, with a known standard discontinuity, inclusion,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
omission or flaw (reference standard comparison part). The SI
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
is designed to substitute for the reference standard, providing
qualitative information on hole and gap sensitivity in a single
2. Referenced Documents
unit. Fabrication in accordance with this practice is vital for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
accurate and consistent measurements.
E543 Specification forAgencies Performing Nondestructive
5.2 This practice shall be followed for the fabrication of all
Testing
SIstobeusedwithMethodE545todetermineimagequalityin
E545 Test Method for Determining Image Quality in Direct
direct thermal neutron radiography.
Thermal Neutron Radiographic Examination
E748 Practices for Thermal Neutron Radiography of Mate- 6. Basis of Application
rials
6.1 Qualification of Nondestructive Agencies—If specified
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
in the contractual agreement, NDT agencies shall be qualified
and evaluated as described in Practice E543. The applicable
3. Terminology
edition of Practice E543 shall be specified in the contractual
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
agreement.
practice, see Terminology E1316, Section H.
6.2 Procedures and Techniques—The procedures and tech-
niquestobeutilizedshallbeasdescribedinthispracticeunless
4. Summary of Practice
otherwisespecified.Specifictechniquesmaybespecifiedinthe
4.1 The Sensitivity Indicator (SI) is used for qualitative
contractual agreement.
determination of the sensitivity of detail visible on the neutron
6.3 Reporting Criteria/Acceptance Criteria—Reporting cri-
radiograph. It consists of a step wedge containing gaps and
teria for the examination results shall be in accordance with
holes of known dimensions. Visual inspection of the image of
Sections 9 and 10 unless otherwise specified. Acceptance
this device provides subjective information regarding total
criteria, for example, reference radiographs, shall be specified
in the contractual agreement.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
6.4 Reexamination of repaired/reworked items is not ad-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.05 on
dressedinthispracticeand,ifrequired,shallbespecifiedinthe
Radiology (Neutron) Method.
contractual document.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2023 - 10. DOI:
7. Sensitivity Indicator (SI)
10.1520/E2023-10R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1 The Sensitivity Indicator (SI) shall be constructed of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
castacrylicresin,lead(optional),andaluminum.Theconstruc-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tion and dimensions are shown in Fig. 1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E2023 − 10 (2014)
Material — Methylmethacrylate
Shim Thickness Hole Diameter
A 0.005 0.005
B 0.010 0.010
C 0.020 0.020
D 0.010 0.010
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in inches.
NOTE 2—The lead step may be replaced with a methylmethacrylate strip with the D shim eliminated.
FIG. 1 Sensitivity Indicator
7.2 The optional lead step in the SI may be replaced with a 8.1.1 Mill a Channel,0.850-in.wideby6.5-in.longfroman
blank, cast acrylic resin step. The lead provides a visual aluminumblock,1-in.widebyatleast0.303-in.highby6.5-in.
indication of beam gamma content; however, the lead image is long. The channel should begin 0.075-in. from edge A and
not used for any of the SI calculations of Method E545. leave0.103-in.aluminuminthebottomofthechannel(seeFig.
2).
7.3 The acrylic resin shall be methylmethacrylate.
8.1.2 Mill the A Channel (see Fig. 1), within this channel,
7.4 All dimensional tolerances are as noted on the figures.
0.125-in.wideby0.005-in.deepby6.5-in.long.Thenearedge
7.5 Aluminum shims and strips shall be 99.9 % pure el-
of channel A should be 0.450-in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).
emental material.
8.1.3 Mill the B Channel, adjacent to the A channel,
7.6 The SI may be encased in a 6061 aluminum dust cover, 0.125-in.wideby0.010-in.deepby6.5-in.long.Thenearedge
of channel B should be 0.325-in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).
0.012-in. thick.
8.1.4 Mill the C Channel, adjacent to the B channel,
7.7 When used, the optional lead shim shall be at least
0.125-in.wideby0.020-in.deepby6.5-in.long.Thenearedge
99.9 % pure elemental material.
of channel C should be 0.200 in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).
8. Fabrication
8.1.5 Optional—Mill the D channel adjacent to the C
channel, 0.125-in. wide by 0.010-in. deep by 6.5-in. long. The
8.1 Components:
near edge of channel D should be 0.075-in. from edge A.
NOTE 1—The D channel is not required and shall not be milled if the
The instructions in Section 8 assume the simultaneous fabrication of five units
for practical reasons. Units may be fabricated singly, if desired. lead shim is not to be used.
E2023 − 10 (2014)
NOTE 1—Unless otherwise specified, use the following:
Dimensions are in inches.
Tolerances on machined dimensions: .XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6 .002.
FIG. 2 Main Channel in Aluminum Block
NOTE 1—Unless otherwise specified, use the following:
Dimensions are in inches.
Tolerances on machined dimensions: .XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6 .002.
FIG. 3 Channels A Through D in Main Channel
E2023 − 10 (2014)
8.1.6 Prepare five methylmethacrylate strips, 0.060-in. thick 8.1.11 To keep the SI intact during use, it is highly recom-
by at least 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-in. long. These strips will be mended that a dust cover be kept on the unit. One dust cover
used in 8.2.11. for each SI may be prepared from aluminum shim stock,
2 2
8.1.7 Prepare four methylmethacrylate strips, 0.125-in. 0.012-in. thick by 1.50-in. by cutting out a 0.250-in. from
thick by at least 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-in. long. One of the eachcornerandfoldingthealuminumtoformacover,1-in. by
methylmethacrylate strips may be replaced with an optional 0.250-in. high (see Fig. 1).
lead strip of the same dimensions. These strips will be used in
8.2 Assembly:
8.2.5.
8.2.1 Insert Shim C into the C channel milled in 8.1.4 (see
8.1.8 Prepare one strip each from aluminum shim stock, at
Fig. 5).
least 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-in. long, with the following
8.2.2 Insert Shim B into the adjacent B channel milled in
thicknesses:
8.1.3 (see Fig. 5).
0.0005 in.
8.2.3 Insert Shi
...


This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2023 − 10 E2023 − 10 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Fabrication of Neutron Radiographic Sensitivity Indicators
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the fabrication of Sensitivity Indicators (SI), which can be used to determine the relative quality of
radiographic images produced by direct, thermal neutron radiographic examination.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded to be standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E545 Test Method for Determining Image Quality in Direct Thermal Neutron Radiographic Examination
E748 Practices for Thermal Neutron Radiography of Materials
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this practice, see Terminology E1316, Section H.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 The Sensitivity Indicator (SI) is used for qualitative determination of the sensitivity of detail visible on the neutron
radiograph. It consists of a step wedge containing gaps and holes of known dimensions. Visual inspection of the image of this
device provides subjective information regarding total radiographic sensitivity with respect to the step-block material, as well as
optional subjective data, regarding detrimental levels of gamma exposure.
4.2 Neutron radiography practices are discussed in Practices E748. The neutron radiograph used to determine image quality
using the SI shall meet the requirements of Method E545.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The only truly valid image quality indicator is a material or component, equivalent to the part being neutron radiographed,
with a known standard discontinuity, inclusion, omission or flaw (reference standard comparison part). The SI is designed to
substitute for the reference standard, providing qualitative information on hole and gap sensitivity in a single unit. Fabrication in
accordance with this practice is vital for accurate and consistent measurements.
5.2 This practice shall be followed for the fabrication of all SIs to be used with Method E545 to determine image quality in
direct thermal neutron radiography.
6. Basis of Application
6.1 Qualification of Nondestructive Agencies—If specified in the contractual agreement, NDT agencies shall be qualified and
evaluated as described in Practice E543. The applicable edition of Practice E543 shall be specified in the contractual agreement.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.05 on Radiology
(Neutron) Method.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2014. Published February 2010November 2014. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20042010
as E2023 - 99E2023 - 10.(2004). DOI: 10.1520/E2023-10.10.1520/E2023-10R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E2023 − 10 (2014)
6.2 Procedures and Techniques—The procedures and techniques to be utilized shall be as described in this practice unless
otherwise specified. Specific techniques may be specified in the contractual agreement.
6.3 Reporting Criteria/Acceptance Criteria—Reporting criteria for the examination results shall be in accordance with Sections
9 and 10 unless otherwise specified. Acceptance criteria, for example, reference radiographs, shall be specified in the contractual
agreement.
6.4 Reexamination of repaired/reworked items is not addressed in this practice and, if required, shall be specified in the
contractual document.
Material — Methylmethacrylate
Shim Thickness Hole Diameter
A 0.005 0.005
B 0.010 0.010
C 0.020 0.020
D 0.010 0.010
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in inches.
NOTE 2—The lead step may be replaced with a methylmethacrylate strip with the D shim eliminated.
FIG. 1 Sensitivity Indicator
7. Sensitivity Indicator (SI)
7.1 The Sensitivity Indicator (SI) shall be constructed of cast acrylic resin, lead (optional), and aluminum. The construction and
dimensions are shown in Fig. 1.
7.2 The optional lead step in the SI may be replaced with a blank, cast acrylic resin step. The lead provides a visual indication
of beam gamma content; however, the lead image is not used for any of the SI calculations of Method E545.
7.3 The acrylic resin shall be methylmethacrylate.
7.4 All dimensional tolerances are as noted on the figures.
7.5 Aluminum shims and strips shall be 99.9 % pure elemental material.
7.6 The SI may be encased in a 6061 aluminum dust cover, 0.012-in. thick.
7.7 When used, the optional lead shim shall be at least 99.9 % pure elemental material.
E2023 − 10 (2014)
8. Fabrication
8.1 Components:
8.1.1 Mill a Channel, 0.850-in. wide by 6.5-in. long from an aluminum block, 1-in. wide by at least 0.303-in. high by 6.5-in.
long. The channel should begin 0.075-in. from edge A and leave 0.103-in. aluminum in the bottom of the channel (see Fig. 2).
8.1.2 Mill the A Channel (see Fig. 1), within this channel, 0.125-in. wide by 0.005-in. deep by 6.5-in. long. The near edge of
channel A should be 0.450-in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).
8.1.3 Mill the B Channel, adjacent to the A channel, 0.125-in. wide by 0.010-in. deep by 6.5-in. long. The near edge of channel
B should be 0.325-in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).
8.1.4 Mill the C Channel, adjacent to the B channel, 0.125-in. wide by 0.020-in. deep by 6.5-in. long. The near edge of channel
C should be 0.200 in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).
8.1.5 Optional—Mill the D channel adjacent to the C channel, 0.125-in. wide by 0.010-in. deep by 6.5-in. long. The near edge
of channel D should be 0.075-in. from edge A.
NOTE 1—The D channel is not required and shall not be milled if the lead shim is not to be used.
8.1.6 Prepare five methylmethacrylate strips, 0.060-in. thick by at least 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-in. long. These strips will be used
in 8.2.11.
8.1.7 Prepare four methylmethacrylate strips, 0.125-in. thick by at least 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-in. long. One of the
methylmethacrylate strips may be replaced with an optional lead strip of the same dimensions. These strips will be used in 8.2.5.
8.1.8 Prepare one strip each from aluminum shim stock, at least 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-in. long, with the following thicknesses:
0.0005 in.
0.0010 in.
0.0020 in.
0.0030 in.
0.0040 in.
0.0050 in.
0.0100 in.
8.1.9 Prepare one methylmethacrylate strip each to fit snugly in the 0.125-in. wide by 6.5-in. long with the following
thicknesses:
The instructions in Section 8 assume the simultaneous fabrication of five units for practical reasons. Units may be fabricated singly, if desired.
NOTE 1—Unless otherwise specified, use the following:
Dimensions are in inches.
Tolerances on machined dimensions: .XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6 .002.
FIG. 2 Main Channel in Aluminum Block
E2023 − 10 (2014)
NOTE 1—Unless otherwise specified, use the following:
Dimensions are in inches.
Tolerances on machined dimensions: .XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6 .002.
FIG. 3 Channels A Through D in Main Channel
0.0050 in. (Shim A)
0.0100 in. (Shim B)
0.0200 in. (Shim C)
0.0100 in. (Shim D) (If used, this strip is to be fabricated from
lead stock (see Fig. 4).
...

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Standard Practice for Determining Relative Image Quality Response of Industrial Radiographic Imaging Systems below 4 MeV

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This standard provides a practice for RIQR evaluations of film and non-film imaging systems when exposed through an absorber material. Three alternate data evaluation methods are provided in Section 9. Determining RIQR requires the comparison of at least two radiographs or radiographic processes whereby the relative degree of image quality difference may be determined using the EPS plaque arrangement of Fig. 1 as a relative image quality indicator (RIQI). In conjunction with the RIQI, a specified radiographic technique or method must be established and carefully controlled for each radiographic process. This practice is designed to allow the determination of subtle changes in EPS that may arise to radiographic imaging system performance levels resultant from process improvements/changes or change of equipment attributes. This practice does not address relative unsharpness of a radiographic imaging system as provided in Practice E2002. The common element with any relative comparison is the use of the same RIQI arrangement for both processes under evaluation.  
4.2 In addition to the standard evaluation method described in Section 9, there may be other techniques/methods in which the basic RIQR arrangement of Fig. 1 might be utilized to perform specialized assessments of relative image quality performance. For example, other radiographic variables can be altered to facilitate evaluations provided these differences are known and documented for both processes. Where multiple radiographic process variables are evaluated, it is incumbent upon the user of this practice to control those normal process attributes to the degree suitable for the application. Specialized RIQR techniques may also be useful with micro focus X-ray, isotope sources of radiation or with the use of non-film radiographic imaging systems. RIQR may also be useful in evaluating imaging systems with alternate materials (RIQI and base plate) such as plastic, copper-nickel, or aluminum. When using any ...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers a practice whereby industrial radiographic imaging systems or techniques may be comparatively assessed using the concept of relative image quality response (RIQR). Changes within a radiographic technique such as film/detector types, distances, or filtering/collimation can be comparatively assessed using this standard. The RIQR method presented within this practice is based upon the use of equivalent penetrameter sensitivity (EPS) described within Practice E1025 and subsection 5.4 of this practice. Fig. 1 illustrates a relative image quality indicator (RIQI) that has four different plaque thicknesses (0.38 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.20 mm, and 0.13 mm (0.015 in., 0.010 in., 0.008 in., and 0.005 in.)) sequentially positioned (from top to bottom) on an absorber plate of a specified material and thickness. The four plaques contain a total of 14 different arrays of penetrameter-type hole sizes designed to render varied conditions of threshold visibility when exposed to the appropriate radiation. Each “EPS” array consists of 30 identical holes; thus, providing the user with a quantity of threshold sensitivity levels suitable for relative image qualitative response comparisons. There are two standard materials (steel and plastic) specified herein for the RIQI and absorber. For special applications the user may design a non-standard RIQI-absorber configuration; however the RIQI configuration shall be controlled by a drawing similar to Fig. 1. Use of a non-standard RIQI-absorber configuration shall be described in the user’s written technique and approved by the CEO.  
1.2 This practice is not intended to qualify the performance of a specific radiographic technique nor for assurance that a radiographic technique will detect specific discontinuities in a specimen undergoing radiographic examination.  
1.3 This practice is not intended to be used to classify or derive performance classification categories for radiog...

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ASTM
ASTM E2023-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Fabrication of Neutron Radiographic Sensitivity Indicators

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The only truly valid image quality indicator is a material or component, equivalent to the part being neutron radiographed, with a known standard discontinuity, inclusion, omission, or flaw (reference standard comparison part). The SI is designed to substitute for the reference standard, providing qualitative information on hole and gap sensitivity in a single unit. Fabrication in accordance with this practice is vital for accurate and consistent measurements.  
5.2 This practice shall be followed for the fabrication of all SIs to be used with Test Method E545 to determine image quality in direct thermal neutron radiography. Devices constructed to previous versions of this practice, or Test Method E545 for devices built between 1981 and 1991, can also be used.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the fabrication of Sensitivity Indicators (SI), which can be used to determine the relative quality of film radiographic images produced by direct, thermal neutron radiographic examination.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E3327/E3327M-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for the Qualification and Control of the Assisted Defect Recognition of Digital Radiographic Test Data

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide describes the recommended procedure for using software to assist with the identification of indications in digital radiographic images. Some of the concepts presented may be appropriate for other nondestructive test methods.  
5.2 When properly applied, the methods and techniques outlined in this guide offer radiographic testing practitioners the potential to improve inspection reliability, reduce inspection cycle time, and harness inspection statistics for improving manufacturing processes.  
5.3 The typical goal of a nondestructive test is to identify flaws that exceed the acceptance criteria. Due to the variability and uncertainty present in any inspection process, acceptance thresholds are established so that some acceptable components are discarded in an effort to prevent parts with discontinuities that exceed the acceptance criteria from entering service. This type of error, called a false positive, is considered less critical than a false negative error which would allow a nonconforming part into service. A successful application of AssistDR minimizes the false positive rate while reducing the false negative rate to levels appropriate for the intended application. The methods and techniques described in this guide facilitate achieving this desired outcome.  
5.4 With the advent of deep learning, convolutional neural networks, and other forms of artificial intelligence, scenarios become possible where an AssistDR system continues to evolve or learn after qualification for production use. This guide does not address learning-based AssistDR systems. This guide addresses only deterministic systems that have software code and parameters that are fixed after qualification. Note that this limitation does not prohibit the use of this guide for developing a qualification and usage strategy for software using deep learning technology. The training or learning process for the deep learning system would need to be completed before qualification and all ...
SCOPE
1.1 Assisted defect recognition (AssistDR) describes a class of computer algorithms that assist a human operator in making a determination about nondestructive test data. This guide uses the term AssistDR to describe those computer assisted evaluation algorithms and associated software. For the purposes of this guide, the usage of the words “defect,” “evaluate,” “evaluation,” etc., in no way implies that the algorithms are dispositioning or otherwise making an unaided final disposition. Depending on the application, AssistDR computer algorithms detect and optionally classify indications of defects, flaws, discontinuities, or other anomalous signals in the acquired images. Software that does make an unaided final disposition is classified as automated defect recognition (AutoDR). While the concepts discussed in this guide are pertinent to AutoDR applications, additional validation tests or controls may be necessary when implementing AutoDR.  
1.2 This guide establishes the minimum considerations for the radiographical examination of components using AssistDR for non-film radiographic test data. Most of the examples and discussion in this guide are built around two-dimensional test data for simplicity. The principles can be applied to three (volumetric computed tomography, for example) or higher dimensional test data.  
1.3 The methods and practices described in this guide are intended for the application of AssistDR where image analysis will aid a human operator in the detection and evaluation of indications. The degree to which AssistDR is integrated into the testing and evaluation process will help the user determine the appropriate levels of process qualification and control required. This guide is not intended for applications wishing to employ AutoDR in which there is no human review of the results.  
1.4 This guide applies to radiographic examination using an X-ray source. Some of the concepts presented may be ap...

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ASTM
ASTM ISO/ASTM51275-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Use of a Radiochromic Film Dosimetry System

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The radiochromic film dosimetry system provides a means for measuring absorbed dose based on radiation-induced change in color using spectrophotometers, densitometers or scanned images.  
4.2 Radiochromic film dosimetry systems are commonly used in industrial radiation processing, for example in the sterilization of medical devices and the irradiation of foods.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a practice for using radiochromic film dosimetry systems to measure absorbed dose in materials irradiated by photons or electrons in terms of absorbed dose to water. Radiochromic film dosimetry systems are generally used as routine dosimetry systems.  
1.2 The radiochromic film dosimeter is classified as a type II dosimeter on the basis of the complex effect of influence quantities (see ISO/ASTM 52628).  
1.3 This document is one of a set of standards that provides recommendations for properly implementing dosimetry in radiation processing, and describes a means of achieving compliance with the requirements of ISO/ASTM 52628 “Practice for Dosimetry in Radiation Processing” for a radiochromic film dosimetry system. It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO/ASTM 52628.  
1.4 This practice covers the use of radiochromic film dosimetry systems under the following conditions:  
1.4.1 The absorbed dose range is 1 Gy to 150 kGy.  
1.4.2 The absorbed dose rate is 1 × 10-2 to 1 × 1013 Gy·s-1 (1-4).2  
1.4.3 The photon energy range is 0.1 to 50 MeV.  
1.4.4 The electron energy range is 70 keV to 50 MeV.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2003-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Fabrication of the Neutron Radiographic Beam Purity Indicators

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The BPI is designed to yield quantitative information concerning neutron beam and image system parameters that contribute to film exposure and, thereby, affect overall image quality. For proper measurements of film exposure due to the neutron beam constituents, the BPI must be fabricated in accordance with this practice.  
5.2 This practice shall be followed for the fabrication of all Beam Purity Indicators to be used with Test Method E545 to determine image quality in direct thermal neutron radiography.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the material and fabrication of a Beam Purity Indicator (BPI), which can be used to determine the relative quality of radiographic images produced by direct, thermal neutron radiographic examination.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D6152/D6152M-12(2024)(Specification)
Standard Specification for SEBS-Modified Mopping Asphalt Used in Roofing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylenebutylene-styrene)-modified mopping asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roofing systems. This specification is intended as a material specification and issues regarding the suitability of specific roof constructions or application techniques are beyond its scope. The specified tests and property values are intended to establish minimum properties. In place system design criteria or performance attributes are factors beyond the scope of this specification. The base asphalt shall be prepared from crude petroleum and the SEBS-modified asphalt shall incorporate sufficient SEBS as the primary polymeric modifier. The SEBS modified asphalt shall be homogeneous and free of water and shall conform to the prescribed physical properties including (1) softening point before and after heat exposure, (2) softening point change, (3) flash point, (4) penetration before and after heat exposure, (5) penetration change, (6) solubility in trichloroethylene, (7) tensile elongation, (8) elastic recovery, and (9) low temperature flexibility. The sampling and test methods to determine compliance with the specified physical properties, as well as the evaluation for stability during heat exposure are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene)-modified asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems.  
1.2 This specification is intended as a material specification. Issues regarding the suitability of specific roof constructions or application techniques are beyond its scope.  
1.3 The specified tests and property values used to characterize SEBS-modified asphalt are intended to establish minimum properties. In-place system design criteria or performance attributes are factors beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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