ASTM D4682-18
(Specification)Standard Specification for Miscibility with Gasoline and Fluidity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
Standard Specification for Miscibility with Gasoline and Fluidity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
ABSTRACT
This standard specification describes four categories of two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine lubricants based on their miscibility with gasoline and their low-temperature fluidity. The lubricant categories are classified according to the temperature at which the tests are conducted. The lubricants shall meet the requirements for viscosity and miscibility with gasoline. Miscibility test method shall be done using a rotator, graduated cylinders, stoppered flask, and freezer, and shall use reference oil and any full-boiling-range gasoline as indicated in the specification. Fluidity test method shall be done using Brookfield viscometer and its associated equipment. All test method shall be in accordance with the calibration and standardization procedure indicated in the specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four categories of lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines based on their miscibility with gasoline and their low-temperature fluidity.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D4682 −18
Standard Specification for
Miscibility with Gasoline and Fluidity of Two-Stroke-Cycle
1
Gasoline Engine Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4682; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D874Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
and Additives
1.1 This specification covers four categories of lubricants
D2983Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Au-
intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline
tomaticTransmissionFluids,HydraulicFluids,andLubri-
engines based on their miscibility with gasoline and their
cants using a Rotational Viscometer
low-temperature fluidity.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard.
3.1.1 fluidity, n—of two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
lubricants, following industry practice, this term is used to
testmethodsdescribedinthisspecification. This standard does
designate the absolute viscosity in millipascal·seconds (centi-
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
poises) of the lubricant under test. In general usage, fluidity is
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
the reciprocal of absolute viscosity.
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
3.1.2 miscibility, n—of two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
lubricants, an inverse function of the time required for a fuel
limitations prior to use.
and lubricant introduced into the apparatus as separate phases
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
toproduceasingle-phasemixturebyagitationundercontrolled
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
conditions.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Classification
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 The candidate oils are classified into Categories 1
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
through 4 according to the temperature at which the tests are
conducted; respectively, 0°C, −10°C, −25°C, and −40°C.
2. Referenced Documents
Each category has its own reference oil that is the same for
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
both the miscibility and fluidity tests.
D97Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D439Specification for Automotive Gasoline (Withdrawn
5. Qualification Requirements
3
1990)
5.1 Miscibility—When tested in accordance with Section 6,
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
candidate oils that mix with the gasoline in not more than
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of DynamicViscos-
110%ofthenumberofinversionsoftheapparatusrequiredto
ity)
mix the reference oil, and that do not separate on standing,
qualify as miscible.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5.2 Fluidity—When tested in accordance with Section 7,
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.B0.07 on Development and Surveillance of Bench Tests candidate oils meet the requirements for fluidity if their
Methods.
viscosity is not more than 10 % higher than that of the
Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally
reference oil.
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4682–13. DOI:
10.1520/D4682-18.
TEST METHODS
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 6. Miscibility Test Method
the ASTM website.
3
6.1 Summary of Test Method—The candidate oil and gaso-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. line are placed as separate phases in a stoppered-glass cylinder
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D4682−18
and mixed by end-over-end rotation of the cylinder under together with space for the storage of additional cylinders and
controlled c
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4682 − 13 D4682 − 18
Standard Specification for
Miscibility with Gasoline and Fluidity of Two-Stroke-Cycle
1
Gasoline Engine Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4682; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers four categories of lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines
based on their miscibility with gasoline and their low-temperature fluidity.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
3
D439 Specification for Automotive Gasoline (Withdrawn 1990)
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using
a Rotational Viscometer
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 fluidity—fluidity, n—of two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine lubricants, following industry practice, this term is used to
designate the absolute viscosity in millipascal·seconds (centipoises) of the lubricant under test. In general usage, fluidity is the
reciprocal of absolute viscosity.
3.1.2 miscibility—miscibility, n—of two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine lubricants, an inverse function of the time required for a
fuel and lubricant introduced into the apparatus as separate phases to produce a single-phase mixture by agitation under controlled
conditions.
4. Classification
4.1 The candidate oils are classified into Categories 1 through 4 according to the temperature at which the tests are conducted;
respectively, 0 °C, −10 °C, −25 °C, and −40 °C. Each category has its own reference oil that is the same for both the miscibility
and fluidity tests.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.07 on Development and Surveillance of Bench Tests Methods.
Current edition approved June 15, 2013July 1, 2018. Published July 2013August 2018. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
D4682 – 08.D4682 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D4682-13.10.1520/D4682-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4682 − 18
5. Qualification Requirements
5.1 Miscibility—When tested in accordance with Section 6, candidate oils that mix with the gasoline in not more than 110 %
of the number of inversions of the apparatus required to mix the reference oil, and that do not separate on standing, qualify as
miscible.
5.2 Fluidity—When tested in accordance with Section 7, candidate oils meet the requirements for fluidity if their viscosity is
not more than 10 % higher than that of the reference oil.
TEST METHODS
6. Miscibility Test Method
...
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