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ASTM D6137-97

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Polymer Linings for Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems

Standard Test Method for Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Polymer Linings for Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems

SCOPE
1.1 this test method is intended to evaluate the sulfuric acid resistance at elevated temperatures of polymer linings applied to carbon steel substrates subject to sulfuric acid attack.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. the values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-1997
ICS
13.040.99 - Other standards related to air quality
Technical Committee
D33 - Protective Coating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities
Drafting Committee
D33.09 - Protective Lining for Air Quality Control Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D6137-97(2004) - Standard Test Method for Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Polymer Linings for Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems
Effective Date
01-Jan-2004

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ASTM D6137-97 - Standard Test Method for Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Polymer Linings for Flue Gas Desulfurization SystemsASTM D6137-97 - Standard Test Method for Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Polymer Linings for Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems
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ASTM D6137-97 - Standard Test Method for Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Polymer Linings for Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 6137 – 97
Standard Test Method for
Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Polymer Linings for Flue Gas
Desulfurization Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6137; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 5162 Practice for Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of
Nonconductive Protective Coating on Metallic Substrates
1.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the sulfuric acid
2.2 Steel Structures Painting Council Standards
resistance at elevated temperatures of polymer linings applied
SSPC VIS 1–89 Visual Standard
to carbon steel substrates subject to sulfuric acid attack.
SSPC No. SP5 Blast Cleaning to White Metal
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3. Significance and Use
information only.
3.1 The results obtained by this test method can be used in
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
combination with other test methods for the selection of a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
lining for surfaces in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
that will be exposed to hot unscrubbed flue gas or to scrubbed
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
gas that has been reheated well above the water dew point.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 This test method does not evaluate or correlate to areas
2. Referenced Documents within the scrubber or scrubbed gas streams at temperatures at
or below the water dew point.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2 This test method is intended to evaluate the combined
A 36/A 36M Specification for Structural Steel
effects of heat and exposure to sulfuric acid upon a lining
C 868 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Protective
system as applied to a carbon steel substrate. It does not
Linings
produce the thermal gradient through the lining that may exist
D 660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of
in actual applications. Actual lining performance may also be
Exterior Paints
affected by concurrent physical or mechanical effects and other
D 661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of
chemicals that may be present in the flue gas.
Exterior Paints
3.3 This test method evaluates major failure modes of
D 714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
4 linings applied to square test panels that are cycled from room
Paint
temperature to a designated elevated temperature.
D 772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scal-
4 3.4 The recommended test temperatures of 200°F (93°C)
ing) of Exterior Paints
and 350°F (177°C) are based on typical maximum operating
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
zone temperatures in flue gas desulfurizations systems. Other
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
temperatures may be evaluated as desired. Cycling to lower
a Ferrous Base
temperatures, including freezing, may be considered if appli-
D 1474 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Organic
cable.
Coatings
3.5 The standard acid concentration for all tests is 20 %,
D 4138 Test Method for Dry Film Thickness of Protective
recognizing that the concentration will quickly rise to the
Coating Systems by Destructive Means
equilibrium at the selected test temperature.
D 4417 Test Method for Field Measurement of Surface
Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel
4. Apparatus
4.1 Forced Air Circulation Oven, capable of maintaining the
selected test temperature 6 4 F° (2C°). Note that acid fumes
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-33 on
Protective Coating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities and is the direct may damage the oven and a drip pan and protective shroud
responsibility of Subcommittee D33.09 on Protective Lining for FGD Systems.
may be needed.
Current edition approved June 10, 1997. Published August 1997.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
4 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. Available from the Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC), 5416 Henry St.,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02. Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D6137–97
4.2 Rack or Stand, to support the test panels vertically in the including longer cure times or elevated cure temperature, may
oven while maintaining a distance of at least 1 in. (25 mm) be conducted if specified. Conditioning time and temperature
between the panels and between the panels and oven walls. shall be recorded and stated in the test report.
5. Test Specimen
6. Procedure
5.1 Substrate:
6.1 Preheat the oven to the required test temperature of
5.1.1 Test panels shall be new commercial quality, carbon
200°F (93°C) or 350°F (177°C) unless otherwise specified.
steel conforming to Specification A 36/A 36M. Panels shall be
6.2 Immerse the lower portion of the test panel(s) in a 20 %
a minimum of ⁄4-in. (6-mm) thick, and 8-in. (200-mm) square,
solution (by volume) of sulfuric acid at laboratory temperature
and shall have their edges broken or radiused if the lining is to
of 73 6 4°F for 1 h. The upper 4 in. (10 cm.) shall remain
be wrapped over the edges of the panel.
above the fluid level.
5.1.2 These test panels are large enough and rigid enough
6.3 Remove the test panel(s) and allow to dry for approxi-
for linings and coatings up to ⁄4-in. thick. For thicker linings,
mately 15 min in a vertical position at laboratory temperature.
the test panels shall be at least 32 times the lining thickness in
6.4 Place the test panel(s) in the preheated oven in a vertical
height and width.
position such that there is a minimum 1-in. (25-mm) space
5.1.3 Two control test panels shall be prepared for each
between the panels and between the panels and the oven walls.
lining system tested. One shall be cycled between the selected
Panel(s) shall remain in the oven for 16 6 1h.
temperatures without exposure to acid. The second shall be
6.5 Remove the panel(s) at the end of each exposure period.
maintained at laboratory conditions without exposure to either
Place the panels in a vertical position with a minimum of one
elevated temperature or acid.
inch space between panel(s) and allow them to cool at
5.2 Preparation:
laboratory temperature for
...

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ASTM D6137-97(2018)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Polymer Linings for Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The results obtained by this test method can be used in combination with other test methods for the selection of a lining for surfaces in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems that will be exposed to hot unscrubbed flue gas or to scrubbed gas that has been reheated well above the water dew point.  
3.1.1 This test method does not evaluate or correlate to areas within the scrubber or scrubbed gas streams at temperatures at or below the water dew point.  
3.2 This test method is intended to evaluate the combined effects of heat and exposure to sulfuric acid upon a lining system as applied to a carbon steel substrate. It does not produce the thermal gradient through the lining that may exist in actual applications. Actual lining performance may also be affected by concurrent physical or mechanical effects and other chemicals that may be present in the flue gas.  
3.3 This test method evaluates major failure modes of linings applied to square test panels that are cycled from room temperature to a designated elevated temperature.  
3.4 The recommended test temperatures of 200°F (93°C) and 350°F (177°C) are based on typical maximum operating zone temperatures in flue gas desulfurizations systems. Other temperatures may be evaluated as desired. Cycling to lower temperatures, including freezing, may be considered if applicable.  
3.5 The standard acid concentration for all tests is 20 %, recognizing that the concentration will quickly rise to the equilibrium at the selected test temperature.
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1.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the sulfuric acid resistance at elevated temperatures of polymer linings applied to carbon steel substrates subject to sulfuric acid attack.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.2 The standard test condition for material evaluated under this test method is 149 ± 1.8°F (65 ± 1°C). Standard specifications referencing this test method may require other test conditions.  
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3.1 Mammalian cell lines are widely used in the production of biological therapeutics, such as monoclonal antibodies and other recombinant proteins. Some of these cell lines, like rodent cell lines, are known to contain genes encoding endogenous retroviral-like particles or produce endogenous retrovirus, but there is no evidence of an association between rodent retrovirus and disease in humans. Adventitious viruses can be introduced into a drug substance manufacturing process from other sources, and contamination of human therapeutics is a safety concern (3).  
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1.3 The step is performed on cell-free intermediates.  
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1.5 Retrovirus removal claim by filtration is limited to small virus retentive filters, as defined in the PDA Technical Report Virus Filtration (1)2 in the context of this standard.  
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5.1 This practice is intended for the digestion of lead in dust wipe samples collected during various lead hazard activities performed in and around buildings and related structures.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the acid digestion of surface dust samples (collected using wipe sampling practices) and associated quality control (QC) samples for the determination of lead.  
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Standard Practice for Hotplate Digestion of Lead from Composited Wipe Samples

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use in the preparation of no more than four wipe samples combined to form a composited sample for subsequent determination of lead content.  
5.2 This practice assumes use of wipes that meet Specification E1792 and should not be used unless the wipes meet Specification E1792.  
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5.5 Adjustment of the nitric acid concentration or acid strength, or both, of the final extract solution may be necessary for compatibility with the instrumental analysis method to be used for lead quantification.  
5.6 This sample preparation practice has not been validated for use and must be validated by the user prior to using the practice for client samples.
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice is similar to Practice E1644 and covers the hot, nitric acid digestion of lead (Pb) from a composited sample of up to four individual wipe samples of settled dust collected from equally-sized areas in the same space.  
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1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM E2914/E2914M-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Extraction of Lead from Composited Wipe Samples

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use in the preparation of no more than four wipe samples collected from equally-sized areas in the same space combined to form a composited sample for subsequent determination of lead content.  
5.2 This practice assumes use of wipes that meet Specification E1792 and should not be used unless the wipes meet Specification E1792.  
5.3 This practice is capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within paint dust.  
5.4 This practice may not be capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within silica or silicate matrices, or within matrices not soluble in nitric acid.  
5.5 Adjustment of the nitric acid concentration or acid strength, or both, of the final extract solution may be necessary for compatibility with the instrumental analysis method to be used for lead quantification.  
5.6 This sample preparation practice has not been validated for use and must be validated by the user prior to using the practice for client samples.
Note 1: Each combination of wipes (two wipes, three wipes, and four wipes) constitutes a different matrix and must be separately validated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the extraction of lead (Pb) using ultrasonication, heat and nitric acid from a composited sample of up to four individual wipe samples of settled dust collected from equally-sized areas in the same space.  
1.2 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the practice.  
1.3 This practice should be used by analysts experienced in digestion techniques such as hot blocks. Like all procedures used in an analytical laboratory, this practice needs to be validated for use and shown to produce acceptable results before being applied to client samples.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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ASTM D6552-06(2021)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Controlling and Characterizing Errors in Weighing Collected Aerosols

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The weighing of collected aerosol is one of the most common and purportedly simple analytical procedures in both occupational and environmental atmospheric monitoring (for example, Test Method D4532 or D4096). Problems with measurement accuracy occur when the amount of material collected is small, owing both to balance inaccuracy and variation in the weight of that part of the sampling medium that is weighed along with the sample. The procedures presented here for controlling and documenting such analytical errors will help provide the accuracy required for making well-founded decisions in identifying, characterizing, and controlling hazardous conditions.  
4.2 Recommendations are given as to materials to be used. Means of controlling or correcting errors arising from instability are provided. Recommendations as to the weighing procedure are given. Finally, a method evaluation procedure for estimating weighing errors is described.  
4.3 Recommendations are also provided for the reporting of weights relative to LOD (see 3.2.6) and LOQ (see 3.2.7). The quantities, LOD and LOQ, are computed as a result of the method evaluation.
SCOPE
1.1 Assessment of airborne aerosol hazards in the occupational setting entails sampling onto a collection medium followed by analysis of the collected material. The result is generally an estimated concentration of a possibly hazardous material in the air. The uncertainty in such estimates depends on several factors, one of which relates to the specific type of analysis employed. The most commonly applied method for analysis of aerosols is the weighing of the sampled material. Gravimetric analysis, though apparently simple, is subject to errors from instability in the mass of the sampling medium and other elements that must be weighed. An example is provided by aerosol samplers designed to collect particles so as to agree with the inhalable aerosol sampling convention (see ISO 7708, Guide D6062, and EN 481). For some sampler types, filter and cassette are weighed together to make estimates. Therefore, if the cassette, for example, absorbs or loses water between the weighings required for a concentration estimation, then errors may arise. This practice covers such potential errors and provides solutions for their minimization.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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