ASTM E2347-04

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2347–04
Standard Test Method for
Indentation Softening Temperature by Thermomechanical
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2347; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method is applicable to materials that soften 2.1 ASTM Standards:
upon heating to a modulus less than 6.0 MPa.This test method D1525 Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of
describes the determination of the temperature at which the Plastics
specific modulus of either 6.65 (Method A) or 33.3 MPa E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis
(Method B) (equivalent to Test Method D1525) of a test E1142 TerminologyRelatingtoThermophysicalProperties
specimen is realized by indentation measurement using a E1363 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Ther-
thermomechanicalanalyzerasthetestspecimenisheated.This momechanical Analyzers
temperature is identified as the indentation softening tempera- E2113 Test Method for Length Change Calibration of
ture. The test may be performed over the temperature range of Thermomechanical Analyzers
ambient to 300°C. E2206 Test Method for Force Calibration of Thermome-
chanical Analyzers
NOTE 1—Thistestmethodisintendedtoprovideresultssimilartothose
of Test Method D1525 but is performed on a thermomechanical analyzer
3. Terminology
using a smaller diameter indenting probe. Equivalence of results to those
3.1 Definitions—Specific technical terms used in this stan-
obtained by Test Method D1525 has been demonstrated on a limited
number of materials. Until the user demonstrates equivalence, the results
dard are defined in Terminologies E473 and E1142.
ofthisTestMethodshallbeconsideredtobeindependentandunrelatedto
3.2 penetration softening temperature, [°C], n—the tem-
those of Test Method D1525.
perature at which a test specimen has a modulus of either 6.65
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl cellu- or 33.3 MPa as measured in penetration.
lose,poly(vinylchloride),poly(vinylidenechloride)andother
4. Summary of Test Method
materials having a large measurement imprecision (see Test
Method D1525 and sections 5.3 and 14.1.2). 4.1 The modulus of a material may be determined by the
indentation (penetration) of a circular, flat tipped probe. The
1.3 Electronic instrumentation or automated data analysis
and reduction systems or treatments equivalent to this test relationship between modulus of a material (stress divided by
strain) and penetration depth is given by:
method may be used.
E 53 F/ ~4Dd! (1)
NOTE 2—Since all electronic data treatments are not equivalent, the
user shall verify equivalency to this test method.
where:
1.4 SI values are the standard.
E = modulus, MPa,
1.5 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.
F = force, N,
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D = diameter of a circular, flat tipped probe, mm, and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the d = penetration depth, mm.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
NOTE 3—Note the identity Pa=N/m
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 2
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE37onThermal For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Thermal contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Analysis and Rheology Methods. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2004. Published March 2004. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2347–04
4.2 Somematerialssoftenuponheating.Forsuchmaterials, 1.0 mm in diameter, free of burrs and be perpendicular to the
the modulus may be determined by penetration as the sample axis of the probe. The tip shall protrude at least 0.1 mm from
is heated. This test method identifies the temperature at which
the end of the probe.
the modulus of the specimen is determined to be 6.65 MPa
6.1.3 Deflection Sensing Element, having a linear output
(Method A) or 33.3 MPa (Method B).
overaminimumrangeof5mmtomeasurethedisplacementof
4.3 Specifically, a test specimen is tested in penetration
the rigid penetration probe (see 6.1.2) to within 6 0.1 µm.
using a circular, flat tipped probe.Aknown stress is applied to
6.1.4 Programmabl
...