ASTM D3053-04

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D 3053 – 04
Standard Terminology Relating to
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Carbon Black
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3053; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 5230 Test Method for Carbon Black—Automated Indi-
vidual Pellet Hardness
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions of
D 6556 Test Method for Carbon Black—Total and External
technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries.
Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in
other readily available sources are not included.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Definitions:
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
aciniform, adj—shaped like a cluster of grapes.
D 1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Fines
DISCUSSION—The spheroidal primary particles of carbon black are
and Attrition
fused into aggregates of colloidal dimension forming an aciniform
D 1509 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Heating Loss
morphology.
D 1510 Test Method for Carbon Black—Iodine Adsorption
carbon black, n—an engineered material, primarily composed
Number
of elemental carbon, obtained from the partial combustion or
D 1511 Test Method for Carbon Black—Pellet Size Distri-
thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons, existing in the form
bution
of aggregates of aciniform morphology which are composed
D 1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Pour
of spheroidal primary particles, uniformity of primary par-
Density
ticle sizes within a given aggregate and turbostratic layering
D 1514 Test Method for Carbon Black—Sieve Residue
within the primary particles.
D 1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
D 1618 Test Method for Carbon Black Extractables—
DISCUSSION—Particle size and aggregate size (number of particles per
Transmittance of Toluene Extract
aggregate) are distributional properties and vary depending on the
D 1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in
carbon black grade. Transmission electron micrographs shown in
Annex 1 of Practice D 6602 demonstrate that while particle and
Rubber Products
aggregate sizes vary greatly within a given grade of carbon black, the
D 1937 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Mass
primary particle size is essentially uniform within an individual
Strength
aggregate.
D 2414 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
Number (OAN) carbon black agglomerate, n—a cluster of physically bound
D 3265 Test Method for Carbon Black—Tint Strength
and entangled aggregates.
D 3313 Test Method for Carbon Black—Individual Pellet
DISCUSSION—See Test Method D 3849.
Hardness
carbon black aggregate, n—a discrete, rigid, colloidal mass
D 3493 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
Number of Compressed Sample of extensively coalesced particles; it is the smallest dispers-
ible unit.
D 3849 Test Method for Carbon Black—Morphological
Characterization of Carbon Black Using Electron Micros- carbon black, carcass grade, n—a type of furnace carbon
black having an average particle size in the range from 31 to
copy
200 nm.
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DISCUSSION—Carcass-grade carbon blacks are produced by the oil
These definitions are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D24 on
Carbon Black and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon furnace process. The use of these grades in the rubber industry is not
Black Nomenclature and Terminology.
limited to the carcass portion of the tire. These grades are designated
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2004. Published February 2004. Originally
with an “N” first character and a second character of “4, 5, 6, or 7” in
e1
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 3053 – 99 .
Table 1 of Classification D 1765. See Terminology D 1566 for the
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
definition of carcass.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
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D3053–04
carbon black, furnace, n—a type of carbon black produced by carbon black, thermal, n—a type of carbon black produced
the decomposition reaction of hydrocarbons when injected under controlled conditions by the thermal decomposition of
into a high-velocity stream of combustion gases under hydrocarbons in the absence of air or flames.
controlled conditions.
DISCUSSION—These grades are designated with an “N” first character
carbon black, hard, n—See c
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