ISO/TC 69/SC 8/WG 3 - Optimization

This document specifies a fundamental principle on grid square statistics and includes the following: — To define or specify a set of methods that can be recommended as the standard method to enable policy decisions based on common recognition from grid statistics produced with different grid square reference system standards in different countries and areas that can have different geographic coding systems with different geometric shapes. — To standardize methods to accommodate the conversion calculation among grid statistics with different grid square reference systems having different geometric shapes by employing prorating method based on the grid areas as well as the method to calculate the approximation errors, for exchanging the converted grid statistics. Spatial expressions other than grid square also exist, but this document does not apply to the spatial expressions other than grid square. NOTE Clause 4 and Clause 5 define grid square statistics and specify some methods to generate grid square statistics. REF Section_sec_6 \r \h Clause 6 recommends conversion methods between grid square statistics generated based on different grid square reference systems.

This document describes quantitative approaches for acquisition of the voice of customer (VOC) and voice of stakeholder (VOS) and its purpose, and provides recommendations on the use of the applicable tools and methods. It is not a management system standard. NOTE It does not provide requirements or guidelines for organizations to develop and systematically manage their policies, processes, and procedures in order to achieve specific objectives. Users of this document include all organization functions necessary to assure customer satisfaction, including business planning, marketing, sales, research and development (R&D), engineering, information technology (IT), manufacturing, procurement, quality, production, service, packaging and logistics, support, testing, regulatory, and other phases in hardware, software, service, and system organizations.

This document specifies guidelines for applying the robust tolerance design (RTD) provided by the Taguchi methods to a product in order to finalize the design of the product. NOTE 1 RTD is applied to the target product to set the optimum tolerances of the design parameters around the nominal values. RTD identifies the effects of errors in the controllable design parameters on product output and estimates the total variance of the product output if the tolerances are changed. Hence, RTD achieves the target variance of the output from the viewpoints of robustness, performance, and cost. NOTE 2 The tolerance expresses a maximum allowable error in the value of a design parameter in the manufacturing process. In a perfect world, the parts or elements of every product have the designed nominal values of the design parameters. However, actual manufacturing does not reproduce the exact designed nominal values of the design parameters for all products. The actual products have errors in the values of their parts or elements. These errors are supposed to be within the designed tolerances.

This document provides guidance for QFD-related approaches to optimization through robust parameter design to ensure customer satisfaction with new products, services, and information systems. It is applicable to identify optimum nominal values of design parameters based on the assessment of robustness of its function at the product design phase. NOTE Some of the activities described in this document can be used at earlier and later stages. Other approaches to solve optimization problems in new technology and product development processes are listed in Annex B.

ISO 16336:2014 gives guidelines for applying the optimization method of robust parameter design, also called as parameter design, an effective methodology for optimization based on Taguchi Methods, to achieve robust products. ISO 16336:2014 prescribes signal-to-noise ratio (hereafter SN ratio) as a measure of robustness, and the procedures of parameter design to design robust products utilizing this measure. The word "robust" in this International Standard means minimized variability of product's function under various noise conditions, that is, insensitivity of the product's function to the changes in the levels of noises. For robust products, their responses are sensitive to signal and insensitive to noises. The approach of ISO 16336:2014 can be applied to any products that are designed and manufactured, including machines, chemical products, electronics, foods, consumer goods, software, new materials, and services. Manufacturing technologies are also regarded as products that are used by manufacturing processes.