SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 936 V1.1.1:2003

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 936 V1.1.1:2003
01-november-2003
Storitve in protokoli za napredna omrežja (SPAN) - Vzajemno delovanje -
Arhitektura združenega omrežja IP (IPFN)
Services and Protocols for Advanced Networks (SPAN) - Interworking - IP Federating
Network (IPFN) architecture
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EG 201 936 Version 1.1.1
ICS:
33.040.35 Telefonska omrežja Telephone networks
SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 936 V1.1.1:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 936 V1.1.1:2003

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SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 936 V1.1.1:2003
ETSI EG 201 936 V1.1.1 (2002-04)
ETSI Guide
Services and Protocols for Advanced Networks (SPAN);
Interworking;
IP Federating Network (IPFN) architecture

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SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 936 V1.1.1:2003
2 ETSI EG 201 936 V1.1.1 (2002-04)
Reference
DEG/SPAN-140104
Keywords
interworking, IP, gateway, service
ETSI
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© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2002.
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ETSI

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SIST-V ETSI/EG 201 936 V1.1.1:2003
3 ETSI EG 201 936 V1.1.1 (2002-04)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.5
Foreword.5
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 References .6
3 Definitions and abbreviations.7
3.1 Definitions.7
3.2 Abbreviations .8
4 Background information.9
5 Users requirements.10
5.1 Market requirements.10
5.2 Users requirements.11
6 Operational scenarios .12
6.1 Scenario 1 - Environmental crisis situation.12
6.2 Scenario 2 - Multileg call .14
6.3 Scenario 3 - Corporate application .15
6.4 Scenario 4 - Secured transactions.15
7 Services offered.16
7.1 Voice services .16
7.2 Data services .17
7.3 Mobility services .17
7.4 Priority services.17
7.5 Data management.17
7.6 Security features.18
7.7 Application server services.18
7.8 Translation service .18
7.9 Administration.18
7.10 Presence services.18
7.11 Messaging services.18
7.12 Location based services.18
7.13 Directory services.18
7.14 Compression features .18
7.15 Value added services .19
7.16 Interworking features and capabilities.19
8 Functional model.19
8.1 Mandatory functions.19
8.2 Optional functions .20
8.3 The Intelligent Interworking Plane (IIP) functions .20
8.4 Recommendations .21
9 Levels of interworking .22
9.1 Levels .22
9.2 Recommendations .23
10 User profile structure and modelling for IPFN.23
11 Reference model.26
12 Data flows .28
13 Existing protocols.29
14 Protocol extensions .30
ETSI

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15 Dimensioning .30
16 Naming conventions.31
Annex A (informative): Cross user interworking examples .32
Annex B (normative): Recommendations.33
Annex C (informative): Bibliography.35
History .36
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Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This ETSI Guide (EG) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Services and Protocols for Advanced
Networks (SPAN).
Introduction
The present document deals with the IP Federating Network (IPFN), an intelligent open interworking platform utilizing
IP technology, allowing interconnection of existing and future networks. The networks interconnected may be fixed or
mobile, 2G or 3G, IP or non-IP, public or private. The IPFN is composed of a set of functional subsystems, enabling
users and applications of these networks to interoperate in fixed and mobile environments, and allowing for provision of
value added services. From the users requirements and scenarios, a functional model is established, an architecture is
defined based on the harmonization and evolution of existing architectures, reference points are identified, so as to list
the existing protocols, identify the need for any protocol extensions and interworking specifications.
Levels of internetworking are defined depending on the Services offered like Security, Quality of Service,
Supplementary Services and Data facilities.
Data may be exchanged, collected or shared between users.
New Services like global addressing, internetwork broadcast, multileg communications, etc, which are not yet available
on the actual network to which the user is connected, may be offered.
Security will be an intrinsic capability of the architecture.
From this a set of recommendations is made in annex B, in order to help identifying the work in the different areas.
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1 Scope
The present document identifies the services requirements from the users perspective. It then defines the functions
necessary for interoperability required to establish an "IP Federating Network (IPFN)". It identifies the architecture and
the reference points that are sufficient to meet the user's requirements in order to:
- allow Voice, Video and Data or combination of this (Multimedia) interworking between users on
heterogeneous interconnected Networks;
- allow users to roam between networks, i.e. to allow the users to change network point of attachment;
- ensure secured communication when required by the users;
- maintain all or some Services (Supplementary Services, Data facilities, etc.) to the users;
- offer new Services like global name/addressing, internetwork broadcast, multileg communications, etc.
which are not yet available on the actual network to which the user is connected;
- ensure lossless Data exchange between users of different Networks and between Databases, if required;
- provide extended addressing and naming capabilities;
- allow desirable feature interaction between applications that interwork across different networks;
- offer scalability of network interconnection;
- ensure some corresponding levels of Priority, Quality of Service;
- provide necessary network and service management capabilities for all of the above.
The present document aims to provide an analysis of the status of the subject, make recommendations for future work.
The objective is not to redefine existing standards when they can be reused (see note), but in a global analysis to review
standards applicable, their limitations and the rules for implementing interoperability. For example a list of candidate
protocols are SIP for interworking between gateways, Mobile IP, LDAP, IPSec, HTTP, XML.
NOTE: The standards referred to here are developed by ETSI, WWRF, IETF, IPv6 Forum and W3C, details of
which are available in the Bibliography (annex C).
Levels of interworking will be investigated when appropriate in the context of the IPFN.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies.
[1] IST 2000-28345 EGERIS: "European Generic Emergency Response Information System".
[2] ETSI TS 101 314: "Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks
(TIPHON); Network architecture and reference configurations; TIPHON Release 2".
[3] ITU-T Recommendation F.16: "Global virtual network service".
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3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
IP Federating Network: intelligent, open interworking platform utilizing IP technology, allowing interconnection of
any kind of existing and future networks
user: any entity that actually uses a service. Examples of users in the context of the present document are as follows:
public users;
regulators;
services providers;
emergency authorities;
corporate users;
utilities;
agents/applications.
interworking: ability of equipments to communicate together from different systems and with similar services
interoperability: ability of equipments from different manufacturers (or different systems) to communicate together on
the same infrastructure (same system), or on another while roaming
location based services: specific services offered depending on the user geographical location like mapping services,
points of interest, routing services
portability: ability of an entity or element to be used in different systems or environments
roaming: process of changing the network access point from one location area network or domain to another within
one system or between different systems
agent: application program that performs management operations in response to received management messages or that
sends notifications
client: application program that sends request
gateway: interface, between two (or more) systems that have similar functions but dissimilar implementations, enabling
users on one network to communicate with users on the other
proxy, proxy server: intermediary program that acts as both a server and a client for the purpose of making requests on
behalf of other clients
redirect server: server that accepts requests, maps the address into zero or more new addresses and returns the requests
with the new addresses to the client
server: application program that accepts requests in order to service those requests and send back responses to those
requests
user agent client: client application that initiates requests on behalf of a user
user agent server: server application that contacts the user when a request is received
user agent: application that contains both a user agent client and user agent server
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3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AAA Authentication, Authorisation and Accounting
ABM Asynchronous Balance Mode
API Application Programming Interface
BICC Bearer Independent Call Control
CLIP Calling Line Identification Presentation (supplementary service)
CR Call Reference
DNS Domain Name Server
EP ETSI Project
FG Functional Grouping
GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
GIS Geographical Information System
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
GVNS Global Virtual Network Service
GW GateWay
HLR Home Location Register
HTTP HyperTextTransferProtocol
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IIP Intelligent Interworking Plane
IP Internet Protocol
IPFN IP Federating Network
IPSec IP Security
ISP Internet Service Provider
ISSI Inter Sub System Interface
IST Information Society Technologies
ISTAG IST programme Advisory Group
ISUP ISDN User Part
IT Information Technology
ITEA Information Technology for European Advancement
LAN Local Area Network
LDAP Light Directory Application Protocol
MCU Media Conferencing Unit
MESA Public Safety Partnership Project (Project MESA)
MG Media Gateway
MGC Media Gateway Controller
NAT Network Address Translation
NSB Network Service Broker
OSI Open System Interconnection
PDA Personal Digital Assistant
PIM Presence and Immediate Messaging
PKI Public Key Infrastructure
PMR Private Mobile Radio
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PTN Private Telecommunications Network
QoS Quality of Service
RFC Request For Comment
ROBO Remote Office Branch Office
SCF Service Control Function
SDF Service Data Function
SG Signalling Gateway
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
SIP Session Initiation Protocol
SLA Service Level Agreement
SMS Short Message Service
SOHO SmallOfficeHomeOffice
QoSPE Quality of Service Policy Element
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
URL User Requirements Language
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UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
V+D Voice plus Data
VHE Virtual Home Environment
VoIP Voice over IP
VPN Virtual Private Network
WAP WideAreaPaging
WLAN wireless local area network
XML X Modelling Language
4 Background information
It is a fact that wireless and wireline technologies are diverse with their specific adaptations to different markets. There
is an increasing need to interconnect these public and private networks to provide Multimedia, not only a discrete
Voice, Video and Data interworking, but also including global Name/addressing, Mobility, Value Added Services,
Security.
IP based networks, by connecting functional subsystems, can federate those different wireless and wireline technologies
for the users and for applications enabling implementations of new cross technology services and new business models
between networks. These IP Core networks can use a common IP transport network for wireless and wireline
subscribers and are independent from the access networks. Multiple access technologies should include: UTRAN,
GERAN, Hiperlan2, etc. This will include wireline access in addition to the existing radio accesses, i.e. MESA.
Also, this convergence between wireline and wireless technologies should be seen as a key area of alignment, both at
the network and service layers. It is important to derive common mobility requirements that could be adopted for
wireless and fixed IP technologies, based on the study and review of mobility solutions of already evolving mobile
networks (i.e. the Release 4 and beyond) and fixed networks (e.g. WLAN networks).
This is actually needed to identify: mobility, security, multimedia call control and service control requirements before
progressing the work on harmonized networks solutions for IPFN. It is also needed to ensure true seamless roaming and
efficiency between wireless and fixed technologies. This includes the concept of VHE that has been developed in
different fora.
The overall objective of the IPFN is to provide an interworking architecture (with harmonized facilities) for the support
of Voice, Video, Data and any combination resulting applications (i.e. Multimedia). However, it is important to note
here, that interworking with many different types of legacy networks and access systems is very complex. Therefore,
interworking schemes shall be harmonized to as great extent as possible, and where possible avoided.
No assumptions about the physical architecture of the connected networks will be made during the study. Nevertheless,
allocation of resources and functionalities may be required as is feasible in the connected network.
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AGENCIES
Data IT
Information
Bases
Centres
(GIS…)
GPS
ROBO Servers
Administrations
Corporate
IPFN
IPFN
Operators
Radio
VPN
Intranet Access
GW
Radio
PABX Access
Fixed network
Real Time
Public safety
Residential
events Emergency
SOHO
services, Civil
protection.
CITIZENS
Figure 1: Global configuration
5 Users requirements
5.1 Market requirements
The market requirements taken here are those given by the EC from their global analysis and ongoing projects with
industrials and users in the Information Society Technologies programme (IST), Ten Telecom business program and
Information Technology for European Advancement (ITEA) programme. Some extracts of such reports are listed
below:
IST new organizations and markets (EC Directorate- General):
"Smart organization is knowledge driven, adaptable and internetworked"…"IST enables public agencies to
make the delivery of public services more citizen centric"…
Referring to the IST Information Society Technologies programme (2000 workprogram-/2000/350):
"the emphasis is on citizen-centred approach with significant support for standardization, interoperability and
market stimulation"…"disseminate information"…"users will be able to access data with ubiquity"…
(Intelligent environment management).
"Effective collaboration requires standardization, concerning how the data is collected and stored, and
interoperability in the solutions applied". (Health services).
Draft synopsis of 2001 program ISTAG key enabling technologies:
"To develop middleware, distributed systems, multi-layered architectures and agent based systems to enable
interoperability, interworking, openness and integration of applications and services across platforms"…"To
emphasize trust and security "…
Trans European Telecommunications Networks (2000/C299) in its business plans and market validations quotes the
need to "help improving the overall accessibility to the Services and to ensure that customers of equivalent services
from different providers can communicate and work together transparently"…
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Information Technology for European Advancement technology roadmap on Software Intensive Systems
(Ref 29 9 2000) reports "we are confronted with a conglomerate of networks which, from the perspective of users,
should work seamlessly together"…And in 2001 IST work program "develop middleware, distributed systems,
multi-layered architectures and agent based systems to enable interoperability, interworking, openness and integration
of applications and services across platforms"…
The EC has also issued a draft mandate on a standard interface between PTN operators and emergency services support
centre for the automatic localization of the distressed caller.
Several European projects are launched with new projects like EGERIS [1] involving the IPFN, VESPER,
WINEGLASS, and LOCUS, etc.
Going further (DG INFO/E4) one can consider an Open Interworking Platform which is an independent middleware
for a wide range of terminals and applications, enabling services, user to user, independently of the underlying network.
Such an ultimate architecture can lead to new business models with 'Network Service Brokers' (NSB) ensuring a unified
security platform, control mechanisms, location mechanisms, etc.
ASP
Platform for Applications and Resources Trading
IPFN
NSB1 NSB2 NSB3
Network1
Operator
Network3
Network2
UserC
UserA
UserD
Network4
UserB
Figure 2: Possible future business model
5.2 Users requirements
Due to the multiple types of networks and protocols available today, there is a need to allow Voice and Data
interworking between users, applications on different networks public and private, fixed and mobile. Roaming may also
be possible in case of same standard based networks, multimode and multi-frequency terminals, etc.
Interworking requires being able to eventually control the information exchanged, its access according to different
policies and procedures, to be able to collect them from different data bases on different networks, to be able to handle
different formats.
Interworking requires offering the user the Security and same/subset/similar Services including Priority, at least the user
shall be made aware of a degradation of it.
Users requirements are being set up in the EGERIS project [1].
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6 Operational scenarios
The scenarios chosen shall reflect user cases of interworking, including a mix of different types like public and private,
public and corporate users.
6.1 Scenario 1 - Environmental crisis situation
In this scenario a major environment crisis is detected on an industrial site, citizens have to be warned locally,
emergency services have to intervene on site, coordination is ensured by the local or regional administration,
environmental agencies provide information, etc.
The scenario corresponds to the interworking of different types of Users for Voice and Data Information, as represented
on figure 3 in a scenario:
- citizens using public networks, fixed or mobile like PSTN, GSM, UMTS;
- operators and ISPs of the fixed or mobile public or/and private networks;
- emergency Services, civil protection using fixed and mobile networks and their Information Centres;
- administrations taking decisions in crisis situations from the available Information;
- policy makers defining policies;
- IT Agencies (Like Environment, etc.) using different communications means and Information Centres
(IT users);
- corporate users;
- tiers for example for certificates in secured communications.
These users exchange Voice and Data (forms, images, video,
...