SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
(Main)Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
1.1 Scope of EN 1993 1 1
(1) EN 1993 1 1 gives basic design rules for steel structures.
(2) It also gives supplementary provisions for the structural design of steel buildings. These supplementary provisions are indicated by the letter "B" after the paragraph number, thus ( )B.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to EN 1993 1 1.
(2) EN 1993 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), the parts of EN 1992 to EN 1999 where steel structures or steel components are referred to within those documents, EN 1090 2, EN 1090 4 and ENs, EADs and ETAs for construction products relevant to steel structures.
Eurocode 3: Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten - Teil 1-1: Allgemeine Bemessungsregeln und Regeln für den Hochbau
1.1 Anwendungsbereich von EN 1993 1 1
(1) EN 1993 1 1 enthält grundlegende Regeln für den Entwurf, die Berechnung und Bemessung von Stahlbauten.
(2) Zusätzlich werden Anwendungsregeln für den Hochbau angegeben. Diese Anwendungsregeln sind durch die Abschnittsnummerierung ( )B gekennzeichnet (en: Building).
1.2 Annahmen
(1) Die Annahmen nach EN 1990 gelten für EN 1993 1 1.
(2) EN 1993 ist dazu vorgesehen zusammen mit EN 1990, EN 1991 (alle Teile), den Teilen von EN 1992 bis EN 1999, die Stahlbauten oder Stahlbauteile behandeln, sowie mit EN 1090 2, EN 1090 4, und EN, EAD und ETA für Bauprodukte für Stahlbauten angewendet zu werden.
Eurocode 3 - Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-1 : Règles générales et règles pour les bâtiments
1.1 Domaine d'application de l'EN 1993 1 1
(1) L'EN 1993 1 1 donne des règles générales pour le calcul des structures en acier.
(2) Elle fournit également des dispositions supplémentaires pour le calcul des structures de bâtiments en acier. Ces spécifications supplémentaires sont repérées par la lettre « B » ajoutée à la suite du numéro d'article, comme ceci ( )B.
1.2 Hypothèses
(1) Les hypothèses de l'EN 1990 s'appliquent à l'EN 1993 1 1.
(2) L'EN 1993 est destinée à être utilisée conjointement avec l'EN 1990, l'EN 1991 (toutes les parties), les parties de l'EN 1992 à l'EN 1999 où il est fait référence à des structures ou des composants en acier dans ces documents, l'EN 1090 2, l'EN 1090 4 et les EN, DEA et ATE relatifs aux produits de construction concernés pour les structures en acier.
Evrokod 3 - Projektiranje jeklenih konstrukcij - 1-1. del: Splošna pravila in pravila za stavbe
1.1 Področje uporabe standarda EN 1993-1-1
(1) EN 1993-1-1 določa osnovna pravila projektiranja za jeklene konstrukcije.
(2) Podaja tudi dodatne določbe za projektiranje konstrukcije jeklenih stavb. Te dodatne določbe so označene s črko »B« za številko odstavka, torej ( )B.
1.2 Predpostavke
(1) Predpostavke standarda EN 1990 veljajo tudi za EN 1993-1-1.
(2) Standard EN 1993 je namenjen za uporabo skupaj s standardi EN 1990, EN 1991 (vsi deli), deli standardov od EN 1992 do EN 1999, kjer se ti dokumenti sklicujejo na jeklene konstrukcije ali jeklene komponente, EN 1090-2, EN 1090-4 ter EN, EAD in ETA za gradbene proizvode, ki veljajo za jeklene konstrukcije.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
01-februar-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2005
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2005/A1:2014
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2005/AC:2006
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2005/AC:2009
Evrokod 3 - Projektiranje jeklenih konstrukcij - 1-1. del: Splošna pravila in pravila
za stavbe
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
Eurocode 3: Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten - Teil 1-1: Allgemeine
Bemessungsregeln und Regeln für den Hochbau
Eurocode 3 - Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-1 : Règles générales et règles
pour les bâtiments
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1993-1-1:2022
ICS:
91.010.30 Tehnični vidiki Technical aspects
91.080.13 Jeklene konstrukcije Steel structures
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.010.30; 91.080.13 Supersedes EN 1993-1-1:2005
English Version
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General
rules and rules for buildings
Eurocode 3 - Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-1 : Eurocode 3: Bemessung und Konstruktion von
Règles générales et règles pour les bâtiments Stahlbauten - Teil 1-1: Allgemeine Bemessungsregeln
und Regeln für den Hochbau
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 July 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1993-1-1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
0 Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions . 10
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 12
3.3 Symbols for member axes . 21
4 Basis of design . 24
4.1 General rules . 24
4.1.1 Basic requirements . 24
4.1.2 Structural reliability . 24
4.1.3 Robustness. 24
4.1.4 Design service life for buildings . 24
4.1.5 Durability . 24
4.2 Principles of limit state design . 25
4.3 Basic variables . 25
4.3.1 Actions and environmental influences . 25
4.3.2 Material, geometrical and product properties . 25
4.4 Verification by the partial factor method . 25
4.4.1 Design values of actions . 25
4.4.2 Design values of material properties . 25
4.4.3 Design values of geometrical properties . 26
4.4.4 Tolerances . 26
4.4.5 Design resistances . 27
4.5 Design assisted by testing . 27
5 Materials . 27
5.1 General . 27
5.2 Structural steel . 27
5.2.1 Material properties . 27
5.2.2 Ductility requirements . 29
5.2.3 Fracture toughness . 30
5.2.4 Through-thickness properties . 30
5.2.5 Values of other material properties . 31
5.3 Connecting devices . 31
5.4 Other prefabricated products in buildings . 31
6 Durability . 31
7 Structural analysis . 32
7.1 Structural modelling for analysis . 32
7.1.1 Basic assumptions. 32
7.1.2 Joint modelling . 32
7.2 Global analysis . 32
7.2.1 Consideration of second order effects . 32
7.2.2 Methods of analysis for ultimate limit state design checks . 35
7.3 Imperfections . 39
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1:2022 (E)
7.3.1 Basis . 39
7.3.2 Sway imperfections for global analysis of frames . 40
7.3.3 Equivalent bow imperfection for global and member analysis . 42
7.3.4 Combination of sway and equivalent bow imperfections for global analysis of frames . 44
7.3.5 Imperfections for analysis of bracing systems. 44
7.3.6 Imperfection based on elastic critical buckling modes . 47
7.4 Methods of analysis considering material non-linearities . 49
7.4.1 General . 49
7.4.2 Elastic global analysis . 49
7.4.3 Plastic global analysis . 50
7.5 Classification of cross-sections . 51
7.5.1 Basis . 51
7.5.2 Classification . 51
7.6 Cross-section requirements for plastic global analysis . 52
8 Ultimate limit states . 56
8.1 Partial factors . 56
8.2 Resistance of cross-sections . 56
8.2.1 General . 56
8.2.2 Section properties . 58
8.2.3 Tension . 62
8.2.4 Compression . 63
8.2.5 Bending . 63
8.2.6 Shear . 64
8.2.7 Torsion . 67
8.2.8 Combined bending and shear . 68
8.2.9 Combined bending and axial force . 70
8.2.10 Combined bending, shear and axial force . 73
8.2.11 Resistance to transverse forces . 74
8.3 Buckling resistance of members . 76
8.3.1 Uniform members in compression . 76
8.3.2 Uniform members in bending . 81
8.3.3 Uniform members in bending and axial compression . 87
8.3.4 General method for lateral and lateral torsional buckling of structural components . 92
8.3.5 Lateral torsional buckling of members with plastic hinges in buildings . 93
8.4 Uniform built-up compression members . 95
8.4.1 Assumptions and constructional details . 95
8.4.2 Design forces for components . 98
8.4.3 Resistance of components of laced compression members . 99
8.4.4 Resistance of components of battened compression members. 100
8.4.5 Closely spaced built-up members . 102
9 Serviceability limit states . 103
9.1 General . 103
9.2 Deformations and dynamic effects for buildings . 103
10 Fatigue . 103
Annex A (normative) Selection of execution class . 105
A.1 Use of this Annex . 105
A.2 Scope and field of application . 105
A.3 Execution class . 105
A.4 Selection process . 105
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1:2022 (E)
A.5 Execution class and partial factors . 106
Annex B (normative) Design of semi-compact sections . 107
B.1 Scope and field of application . 107
B.2 Elasto-plastic section modulus . 107
B.3 Resistance of cross-sections . 108
B.4 Buckling resistance of members . 109
Annex C (normative) Additional rules for uniform members with mono-symmetric cross-
sections and for members in bending, axial compression and torsion . 110
C.1 Additional rules for uniform members with mono-symmetric cross-section . 110
C.2 Additional rules for uniform members in bending, axial compression and torsion . 111
Annex D (normative) Continuous restraint of beams in buildings . 114
D.1 Scope and field of application . 114
D.2 Continuous lateral restraints . 114
D.3 Continuous torsional restraints . 115
Annex E (informative) Basis for the calibration of partial factors . 117
E.1 Use of this informative annex . 117
E.2 Scope and field of application . 117
E.3 Calibration . 117
Bibliography . 120
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 1993-1-1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 “Structural
Codes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. CEN/TC 250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes
and has been assigned responsibility for structural and geotechnical design matters by CEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2027 and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2028.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1993-1-1:2005 and its amendments and corrigenda.
The first generation of EN Eurocodes was published between 2002 and 2007. This document forms part
of the second generation of the Eurocodes, which have been prepared under Mandate M/515 issued to
CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
The Eurocodes have been drafted to be used in conjunction with relevant execution, material, product
and test standards, and to identify requirements for execution, materials, products and testing that are
relied upon by the Eurocodes.
The Eurocodes recognize the responsibility of each Member State and have safeguarded their right to
determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level through the use of National
Annexes.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are listed below:
— the scope of EN 1993-1-1 was extended to steel grades up to S700;
— the scope was extended to the design of elliptical hollow sections;
— the methods for the structural analysis were clarified and summarized in a flowchart;
— a new method for the design of semi-compact sections (Class 3) has been implemented;
— the effects of torsion on the resistance of cross-sections and members have been improved;
— a new method for the verification of beams to lateral torsional buckling has been introduced;
— the simplified method for lateral torsional buckling has been fully revised;
— the design of uniform members with mono-symmetric cross-sections was explicitly covered;
— a simplified design approach has been introduced for fatigue;
— an informative annex provides statistical data of material and dimensional properties as used for the
calibration of the partial factors.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1:2022 (E)
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1:2022 (E)
0 Introduction
0.1 Introduction to the Eurocodes
The Structural Eurocodes comprise the following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts:
— EN 1990 Eurocode: Basis of structural and geotechnical design
— EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures
— EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures
— EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
— EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures
— EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures
— EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures
— EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design
— EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance
— EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures
— New parts are under development, e.g. Eurocode for design of structural glass
0.2 Introduction to EN 1993 (all parts)
EN 1993 (all parts) applies to the design of buildings and civil engineering works in steel. It complies with
the principles and requirements for the safety and serviceability of structures, the basis of their design
and verification that are given in EN 1990 – Basis of structural and geotechnical design.
EN 1993 (all parts) is concerned only with requirements for resistance, serviceability, durability and fire
resistance of steel structures. Other requirements, e.g. concerning thermal or sound insulation, are not
covered.
EN 1993 is subdivided in various parts:
EN 1993-1, Design of steel structures — Part 1: General rules and rules for buildings;
EN 1993-2, Design of steel structures — Part 2: Steel bridges;
EN 1993-3, Design of steel structures — Part 3: Towers, masts and chimneys;
EN 1993-4, Design of steel structures — Part 4: Silos and tanks;
EN 1993-5, Design of steel structures — Part 5: Piling;
EN 1993-6, Design of steel structures — Part 6: Crane supporting structures;
EN 1993-7, Design of steel structures — Part 7: Design of sandwich panels (under preparation).
EN 1993-1 in itself does not exist as a physical document, but comprises the following 14 separate parts,
the basic part being EN 1993-1-1:
EN 1993-1-1, Design of steel structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings;
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1:2022 (E)
EN 1993-1-2, Design of steel structures — Part 1-2: Structural fire design;
EN 1993-1-3, Design of steel structures — Part 1-3: Cold-formed members and sheeting;
NOTE Cold-formed hollow sections supplied according to EN 10219 (all parts) are covered in EN 1993-1-1.
EN 1993-1-4, Design of steel structures — Part 1-4: Stainless steel structures;
EN 1993-1-5, Design of steel structures — Part 1-5: Plated structural elements;
EN 1993-1-6, Design of steel structures — Part 1-6: Strength and stability of shell structures;
EN 1993-1-7, Design of steel structures — Part 1-7: Plate assemblies with elements under transverse loads;
EN 1993-1-8, Design of steel structures — Part 1-8: Design of joints;
EN 1993-1-9, Design of steel structures — Part 1-9: Fatigue;
EN 1993-1-10, Design of steel structures — Part 1-10: Material toughness and through-thickness
properties;
EN 1993-1-11, Design of steel structures — Part 1-11: Design of structures with tension components;
EN 1993-1-12, Design of steel structures — Part 1-12: Additional rules for steel grades up to S960;
EN 1993-1-13, Design of steel structures — Part 1-13: Rules for beams with large web openings;
EN 1993-1-14, Design of steel structures — Part 1-14: Design assisted by finite element analysis (under
preparation).
All parts numbered EN 1993-1-2 to EN 1993-1-14 treat general topics that are independent from the
structural type such as structural fire design, cold-formed members and sheeting, stainless steels, plated
structural elements, etc.
All parts numbered EN 1993-2 to EN 1993-7 treat topics relevant for a specific structural type such as
steel bridges, towers, masts and chimneys, silos and tanks, piling, crane supporting structures, etc.
EN 1993-2 to EN 1993-7 refer to the generic rules in EN 1993-1 and supplement, modify or supersede
them, where relevant.
0.3 Introduction to EN 1993-1-1
EN 1993-1-1 gives general design rules for steel structures. It also includes supplementary design rules
for steel buildings. The focus in EN 1993-1-1 is on design methods and design rules for individual
members (beams, columns and beam-columns) and skeletal structures (frames) regarding resistance and
stability.
0.4 Verbal forms used in the Eurocodes
The verb “shall" expresses a requirement strictly to be followed and from which no deviation is permitted
in order to comply with the Eurocodes.
The verb “should” expresses a highly recommended choice or course of action. Subject to national
regulation and/or any relevant contractual provisions, alternative approaches could be used/adopted
where technically justified.
The verb “may" expresses a course of action permissible within the limits of the Eurocodes.
The verb “can" expresses possibility and capability; it is used for statements of fact and clarification of
concepts.
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN 1993-1-1:2023
EN 1993-1-1:2022 (E)
0.5 National Annex for EN 1993-1-1
National choice is allowed in this standard where explicitly stated within notes. National choice includes
the selection of values for Nationally Determined Parameters (NDPs).
The national standard implementing EN 1993-1-1 can have a National Annex containing all national
choices to be used for the design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in the relevant
country.
When no national choice is given, the default choice given in this standard is to be used.
When no national choice is made and no default is given in this standard, the choice can be specified by a
relevant authority or, where not specified, agreed
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
01-november-2020
Evrokod 3 - Projektiranje jeklenih konstrukcij - 1-1. del: Splošna pravila in pravila
za stavbe
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
Eurocode 3 - Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten - Teil 1-1: Allgemeine
Bemessungsregeln und Regeln für den Hochbau
Eurocode 3 - Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-1 : Règles générales et règles
pour les bâtiments
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1993-1-1
ICS:
91.010.30 Tehnični vidiki Technical aspects
91.080.13 Jeklene konstrukcije Steel structures
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1993-1-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2020
ICS 91.010.30; 91.080.13 Will supersede EN 1993-1-1:2005
English Version
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General
rules and rules for buildings
Eurocode 3 - Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-1 : Eurocode 3 - Bemessung und Konstruktion von
Règles générales et règles pour les bâtiments Stahlbauten - Teil 1-1: Allgemeine Bemessungsregeln
und Regeln für den Hochbau
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 250.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1993-1-1:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
prEN 1993-1-1:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 9
1.1 Scope of EN 1993-1-1 . 9
1.2 Assumptions . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 11
3.2.1 Latin upper-case symbols . 11
3.2.2 Latin lower-case symbols . 15
3.2.3 Greek upper-case symbols . 18
3.2.4 Greek lower-case symbols . 18
3.3 Conventions for member axes . 20
4 Basis of design . 23
4.1 General rules . 23
4.1.1 Basic requirements . 23
4.1.2 Structural reliability . 23
4.1.3 Robustness. 23
4.1.4 Design service life for buildings . 23
4.1.5 Durability . 23
4.2 Principles of limit state design . 24
4.3 Basic variables . 24
4.3.1 Actions and environmental influences . 24
4.3.2 Material and product properties and geometrical data. 24
4.4 Verification by the partial factor method . 24
4.4.1 Design values of actions . 24
4.4.2 Design values of material properties . 24
4.4.3 Design values of geometrical data . 25
4.4.4 Tolerances . 25
4.4.5 Design resistances . 26
4.5 Design assisted by testing . 26
5 Materials . 26
5.1 General . 26
5.2 Structural steel . 27
5.2.1 Material properties . 27
5.2.2 Ductility requirements . 28
5.2.3 Fracture toughness . 29
5.2.4 Through-thickness properties . 29
5.2.5 Values of other material properties . 30
5.3 Connecting devices . 30
5.3.1 Fasteners . 30
5.3.2 Welding consumables . 30
5.4 Other prefabricated products in buildings . 30
6 Durability . 30
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
prEN 1993-1-1:2020 (E)
7 Structural analysis . 31
7.1 Structural modelling for analysis . 31
7.1.1 Basic assumptions . 31
7.1.2 Joint modelling . 31
7.2 Global analysis . 31
7.2.1 Consideration of second order effects . 31
7.2.2 Methods of analysis for ultimate limit state design checks . 34
7.3 Imperfections . 38
7.3.1 Basis . 38
7.3.2 Sway imperfections for global analysis of frames . 39
7.3.3 Equivalent bow imperfection for global and member analysis . 40
7.3.4 Combination of sway and equivalent bow imperfections for global analysis of frames . 42
7.3.5 Imperfections for analysis of bracing systems. 42
7.3.6 Imperfection based on elastic critical buckling modes . 45
7.4 Methods of analysis considering material non-linearities . 47
7.4.1 General . 47
7.4.2 Elastic global analysis . 47
7.4.3 Plastic global analysis . 47
7.5 Classification of cross-sections . 49
7.5.1 Basis . 49
7.5.2 Classification . 49
7.6 Cross-section requirements for plastic global analysis . 50
8 Ultimate limit states . 54
8.1 Partial factors . 54
8.2 Resistance of cross-sections . 54
8.2.1 General . 54
8.2.2 Section properties . 56
8.2.3 Tension . 59
8.2.4 Compression . 60
8.2.5 Bending . 61
8.2.6 Shear . 61
8.2.7 Torsion . 64
8.2.8 Combined bending and shear . 66
8.2.9 Combined bending and axial force . 67
8.2.10 Combined bending, shear and axial force . 71
8.2.11 Resistance to transverse forces . 71
8.3 Buckling resistance of members . 74
8.3.1 Uniform members in compression . 74
8.3.2 Uniform members in bending . 80
8.3.3 Uniform members in bending and axial compression . 85
8.3.4 General method for lateral and lateral torsional buckling of structural components . 89
8.3.5 Lateral torsional buckling of members with plastic hinges in buildings . 91
8.4 Uniform built-up compression members . 93
8.4.1 Assumptions and constructional details . 93
8.4.2 Design forces for components . 95
8.4.3 Resistance of components of laced compression members . 96
8.4.4 Resistance of components of battened compression members. 97
8.4.5 Closely spaced built-up members . 99
9 Serviceability limit states . 100
9.1 General . 100
9.2 Deformations and dynamic effects for buildings . 100
10 Fatigue . 100
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
prEN 1993-1-1:2020 (E)
Annex A (normative) Selection of Execution Class . 102
A.1 Use of this Annex . 102
A.2 Scope and field of application . 102
A.3 Execution Class . 102
A.4 Selection process . 102
A.5 Execution class and partial factors . 103
Annex B (normative) Design of semi-compact sections . 104
B.1 Scope and field of application . 104
B.2 Elasto-plastic section modulus . 104
B.3 Resistance of cross-sections . 105
B.4 Buckling resistance of members . 106
Annex C (normative) Additional rules for uniform members with mono-symmetric cross-
sections and for members in bending, axial compression and torsion . 107
C.1 Additional rules for uniform members with mono-symmetric cross-section . 107
C.2 Additional rules for uniform members in bending, axial compression and torsion . 108
Annex D (normative) Continuous restraint of beams in buildings . 111
D.1 Scope and field of application . 111
D.2 Continuous lateral restraints . 111
D.3 Continuous torsional restraints . 112
Annex E (informative) Basis for the calibration of partial factors . 114
E.1 Use of this informative annex . 114
E.2 Scope and field of application . 114
E.3 Calibration . 114
Bibliography . 117
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
prEN 1993-1-1:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 1993-1-1:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250
“Structural Codes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. CEN/TC 250 is responsible for all Structural
Eurocodes and has been assigned responsibility for structural and geotechnical design matters by CEN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1993-1-1:2005 and its amendments and corrigenda.
The first generation of EN Eurocodes was published between 2002 and 2007. This document forms part
of the second generation of the Eurocodes, which have been prepared under Mandate M/515 issued to
CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
The Eurocodes have been drafted to be used in conjunction with relevant execution, material, product
and test standards, and to identify requirements for execution, materials, products and testing that are
relied upon by the Eurocodes.
The Eurocodes recognize the responsibility of each Member State and have safeguarded their right to
determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level through the use of National
Annexes.
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
prEN 1993-1-1:2020 (E)
Introduction
0.1 Introduction to the Eurocodes
The Structural Eurocodes comprise the following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts:
— EN 1990 Eurocode: Basis of structural and geotechnical design
— EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures
— EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures
— EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
— EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures
— EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures
— EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures
— EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design
— EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance
— EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures
— New parts are under development, e.g. Eurocode for design of structural glass
0.2 Introduction to EN 1993 (all parts)
EN 1993 (all parts) applies to the design of buildings and civil engineering works in steel. It complies with
the principles and requirements for the safety and serviceability of structures, the basis of their design
and verification that are given in EN 1990 – Basis of structural design.
EN 1993 (all parts) is concerned only with requirements for resistance, serviceability, durability and fire
resistance of steel structures. Other requirements, e.g. concerning thermal or sound insulation, are not
covered.
EN 1993 is subdivided in various parts:
EN 1993-1, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1: General rules and rules for buildings;
EN 1993-2, Design of Steel Structures — Part 2: Steel bridges;
EN 1993-3, Design of Steel Structures — Part 3: Towers, masts and chimneys;
EN 1993-4, Design of Steel Structures — Part 4: Silos and tanks;
EN 1993-5, Design of Steel Structures — Part 5: Piling;
EN 1993-6, Design of Steel Structures — Part 6: Crane supporting structures;
EN 1993-7, Design of steel structures — Part 7: Design of sandwich panels.
EN 1993-1 in itself does not exist as a physical document, but comprises the following 14 separate parts,
the basic part being EN 1993-1-1:
EN 1993-1-1, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings;
EN 1993-1-2, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-2: Structural fire design;
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
prEN 1993-1-1:2020 (E)
EN 1993-1-3, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-3: Cold-formed members and sheeting;
NOTE Cold formed hollow sections supplied according to EN 10219 are covered in EN 1993-1-1.
EN 1993-1-4, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-4: Stainless steels;
EN 1993-1-5, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-5: Plated structural elements;
EN 1993-1-6, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-6: Strength and stability of shell structures;
EN 1993-1-7, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-7: Strength and stability of planar plated structures
transversely loaded;
EN 1993-1-8, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-8: Design of joints;
EN 1993-1-9, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-9: Fatigue strength of steel structures;
EN 1993-1-10, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-10: Selection of steel for fracture toughness and through-
thickness properties;
EN 1993-1-11, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-11: Design of structures with tension components made
of steel;
EN 1993-1-12, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-12: Additional rules for steel grades up to S960;
EN 1993-1-13, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-13: Beams with large web openings;
EN 1993-1-14, Design of Steel Structures — Part 1-14: Design assisted by finite element analysis.
All subsequent parts EN 1993-1-2 to EN 1993-1-14 treat general topics that are independent from the
structural type such as structural fire design, cold-formed members and sheeting, stainless steels, plated
structural elements, etc.
All subsequent parts numbered EN 1993-2 to EN 1993-7 treat topics relevant for a specific structural
type such as steel bridges, towers, masts and chimneys, silos and tanks, piling, crane supporting
structures, etc. EN 1993-2 to EN 1993-7 refer to the generic rules in EN 1993-1 and supplement, modify
or supersede them.
0.3 Introduction to EN 1993-1-1
EN 1993-1-1 gives general design rules for steel structures. It also includes supplementary design rules
for steel buildings. The focus in EN 1993-1-1 is on design methods and design rules for individual
members (beams, columns and beam-columns) and skeletal structures (frames) regarding resistance and
stability.
0.4 Verbal forms used in the Eurocodes
The verb “shall" expresses a requirement strictly to be followed and from which no deviation is permitted
in order to comply with the Eurocodes.
The verb “should” expresses a highly recommended choice or course of action. Subject to national
regulation and/or any relevant contractual provisions, alternative approaches could be used/adopted
where technically justified.
The verb “may" expresses a course of action permissible within the limits of the Eurocodes.
The verb “can" expresses possibility and capability; it is used for statements of fact and clarification of
concepts.
0.5 National Annex for EN 1993-1-1
National choice is allowed in this standard where explicitly stated within notes. National choice includes
the selection of values for Nationally Determined Parameters (NDPs).
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1993-1-1:2020
prEN 1993-1-1:2020 (E)
The national standard implementing EN 1993-1-1 can have a National Annex containing all national
choices to be used for the design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in the relevant
country.
When no national choice is given, the default choice given in this standard is to be used.
When no national choice is made and no default is given in this standard, the choice can be specified by a
relevant authority or, where not specified, agreed for a specific project by appropriate parties.
National choice is allowed in EN 1993-1-1 through the following clauses:
— 4.4.3 (2)
— 5.1 (2)
— 5.2.1 (1)
— 5.2.2 (1)
— 5.2.3 (1)P
— 7.2.1 (4)
— 7.2.2 (9)
— 7.3.3.1 (2)
— 7.3.3.2 (1)
— 7.4.1(3)
— 8.1 (1)
— 8.3.2.3 (1)
— 8.3.2.4 (1)B
— 8.3.2.4 (3)B
— 8.3.3 (2)
— 8.3.4 (1)
— 9.2 (2)B
— A.3 (2)
— A.3 (3)
— A.3 (4)
National choice is allowed in EN 1993-1-1 on the application of the following informative annexes:
— Annex E (informative) – Basis for the calibration of partial factors
The National Annex c
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.