oSIST prEN 15316-5:2022

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2022
01-maj-2022
Energijske lastnosti stavb - Metoda za izračun energijskih zahtev in učinkovitosti
sistema - 5. del: Sistemi za ogrevanje prostora in shranjevanje tople sanitarne
vode (brez hlajenja) - Modula M3-7 in M8-7
Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements
and system efficiencies - Part 5: Space heating and DHW storage systems (not cooling),
Module M3-7, M8-7
Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung der
Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen -Teil 5: Raumheizung und
Speichersysteme für erwärmtes Trinkwasser (keine Kühlung), Module M3-7, M8-7
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques
et des rendements des systèmes - Partie 5 : Systèmes de stockage pour le chauffage et
l'eau chaude sanitaire (sans refroidissement), Module M3-7, M8-7
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15316-5
ICS:
91.140.10 Sistemi centralnega Central heating systems
ogrevanja
91.140.65 Oprema za ogrevanje vode Water heating equipment
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 15316-5:2022


DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 15316-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

March 2022
ICS 91.140.10; 91.140.65 Will supersede EN 15316-5:2017
English Version

Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation
of system energy requirements and system efficiencies -
Part 5: Space heating and DHW storage systems (not
cooling), Module M3-7, M8-7
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Verfahren zur
calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und
systèmes - Partie 5 : Systèmes de stockage pour le Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen -Teil 5: Raumheizung und
chauffage et l'eau chaude sanitaire (sans Speichersysteme für erwärmtes Trinkwasser (keine
refroidissement), Module M3-7, M8-7 Kühlung), Module M3-7, M8-7
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 228.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15316-5:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 9
4.1 Symbols . 9
4.2 Subscripts . 9
5 Description of the methods . 9
5.1 Output of the method . 9
5.2 Extension of the method . 10
5.3 Technologies covered and schematic of the hot water storage system . 10
5.4 Principles of the calculation of hot water storage systems by layers . 11
6 Calculation method . 13
6.1 Output data . 13
6.2 Selection of method and adaptation of calculation interval . 14
6.3 Input data . 14
6.3.1 Product data . 14
6.3.2 Source of data . 15
6.3.3 System design data . 17
6.3.4 Control . 17
6.3.5 Operating conditions . 17
6.3.6 Constants and physical data . 18
6.4 Calculation procedure . 19
6.4.1 Applicable time-step . 19
6.4.2 Operating conditions calculation . 19
6.4.3 Energy calculation (storage modelled with multi volumes – Method A) . 19
6.4.4 Energy calculation for a storage modelled with a single volume – Method B . 30
6.4.5 Calculation of the auxiliary energy . 33
6.4.6 Recoverable thermal losses . 34
7 Quality control . 34
8 Compliance check. 34
Annex A (normative) Template for input data and choices . 36
A.1 General . 36
A.2 References . 36
A.3 Model information . 37
A.4 Product description data . 37
A.4.1 Type of use (services) . 37
A.4.2 Product technical data . 38
A.4.3 Priority of heaters . 39
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A.4.4 Factors for energy recovery . 39
A.5 Design data . 39
A.5.1 Storage localization . 39
A.5.2 Multiple storage units connection. 40
A.6 Operative conditions . 40
Annex B (informative) Default values . 41
B.1 General . 41
B.2 References . 41
B.3 Model information . 42
B.4 Product description data . 43
B.4.1 Type of use (services) . 43
B.4.2 Product technical data . 43
B.4.3 Priority of heaters operation . 44
B.4.4 Factors for energy recovery . 44
B.5 Design data . 45
B.5.1 Storage localization . 45
B.5.2 Multiple storage units connection. 45
B.6 Operative conditions . 46
Annex C (informative) Alternative approach of step 7 . 47
Bibliography . 50

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European foreword
This document (prEN 15316-5:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228 “Heating
systems and water based cooling systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document will supersede EN 15316-5:2017.
The main changes compared to EN 15316-5:2017 are:
1) inclusion of simultaneous heating of the storage;
2) inclusion of arbitrary layer volume selection;
3) inclusion of additional heat losses due to the thermosyphon circulation;
4) calculation procedure for method A and B have been reviewed and several changes implemented;
5) Annex A contains a template for the data and parameters used in the standards and Annex B a set of
default values. Default values given in Annex B may be overridden by a national annex;
6) the previous Annex C and Annex D have been withdrawn;
7) inclusion of matrix approach for solving the re-arranging of the layer temperatures in method A

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Introduction
This document is part of a series of standards aiming at international harmonization of the methodology for
the assessment of the energy performance of buildings, called “set of EPB standards”.
All EPB standards follow specific rules to ensure overall consistency, unambiguity and transparency.
All EPB standards provide a certain flexibility with regard to the methods, the required input data and
references to other EPB standards, by the introduction of a normative template in Annex A and Annex B with
informative default choices.
EPB standards deal with energy performance calculation and other related aspects (like system sizing) to
provide the building services considered in the EPBD.
CEN/TC 228 deals with water based heating and cooling systems in buildings. Subjects covered by CEN/TC
228 are:
— energy performance calculation for heating and cooling systems;
— inspection of heating systems;
— design of heating systems and water based cooling systems;
— installation and commissioning of heating systems.
This document specifies two methods to take into account the energy performance of storage systems for
heating of domestic hot water coupled to generation system(s) producing hot water or using independent
energy input to the storage unit. This document presents two methods applicable to the different
technologies of water based storage system and related controls systems:
— method A applies when the hot water is thermally stratified;
— method B applies when the hot water contained in the storage unit(s) is thermally homogeneous.
For the correct use of this document, Annex A specifies the required choices and input data. Default choices
and input data are presented in Annex B. In case the standard is used in the context of national or regional
legal requirements, mandatory choices may be given at national or regional level for such specific
applications, in particular for the application within the context of EU Directives transposed into national
legal requirements. These choices can be made available as National Annex or as separate (e.g. legal)
document. If the default values and choices in Annex A are not followed due to national regulations, policy
or traditions, it is expected that:
— either the national standardization body will consider the possibility to add or include a National Annex
in agreement with the template of Annex A;
— or the national or regional authorities will, in the building regulations, reference the standard and
prepare data sheets containing the national or regional choices and values, in agreement with the
template of Annex A.
This updated document covers hourly calculation intervals (or shorter).

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1 Scope
This document covers energy performance calculation of water based storage sub-systems used for heating,
for domestic hot water or for combination of these.
This document does not cover sizing or inspection of such storage systems.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this document within the set of EPB standards in the context of the
modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1.
NOTE 1 In CEN ISO/TR 52000-2, the same table can be found with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant
EPB standards and accompanying Technical Reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2 The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and
one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method
respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
Table 1 — Position of this document, within the modular structure of the set of EPB standards
 Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)

sub sub sub
 M1 M2  M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
1 1 1
1 General  1 General 1 General
Common terms
and
Building
2 definitions;  2 2 Needs
Energy Needs
symbols, units
and subscripts
(Free) Indoor
Conditions Maximum Load
3 Applications  3 3
without
and Power
Systems
Ways to Ways to Ways to
4 Express Energy  4 Express Energy 4 Express Energy
Performance Performance Performance
Building
Heat Transfer
Functions and Emission and
5  5 by 5
Building
control
Transmission
Boundaries
Building
Heat Transfer
Occupancy and Distribution
6  6 by Infiltration 6
Operating and control
and Ventilation
Conditions
Aggregation of
Internal Storage and
7  7 7 15316-5     15316-5
Energy
Heat Gains control
Services and
6
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Heating
Cooling
Ventilation
Humidification
Dehumidification
Domestic
Hot water
Lighting
Building automation
& control
Electricity production

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 Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)

sub sub sub
 M1 M2  M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
1 1 1
Energy
Carriers
Building Solar
8  8 8 Generation
Partitioning Heat Gains
Combustion
     8–1
boilers
     8–2 Heat pumps
Thermal solar
     8–3
Photovoltaics
On-site
     8–4
cogeneration
District heating
     8–5
and cooling
Direct
     8–6 electrical
heater
     8–7 Wind turbines
Radiant
     8–8
heating, stoves
Load
Calculated Building
dispatching
9 Energy  9 Dynamics 9
and operating
Performance (thermal mass)
conditions
Measured
Measured Measured
10 Energy 10 Energy 10 Energy 15378-3     15378-3
Performance Performance
Performance
11 Inspection  11 Inspection 11 Inspection 15378-1     15378-1
Ways to
12 Express Indoor 12 – 12 BMS
Comfort
External
Environment
13
Conditions
Economic 15459
14
Calculation -1
NOTE The shaded modules are not applicable.
7
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Heating
Cooling
Ventilation
Humidification
Dehumidification
Domestic
Hot water
Lighting
Building automation
& control
Electricity production

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2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 7345:2018, Thermal performance of buildings and building components — Physical quantities and
definitions (ISO 7345:2018)
EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment — Part 1: General
framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017), Module M1-1, M1-9
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:2018 and
EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and the following apply.
3.1
layer
part of the volume of the whole storage which is considered having homogeneous temperature
3.2
minimum temperature of domestic hot water
minimum temperature required to state that it is usable (same as draw off temperature if neglecting thermal
losses along the pipe during draw off)
3.3
required storage output for domestic hot water
energy output from the storage to be delivered to the domestic hot water distribution system (without the
circulation loop thermal losses)
3.4
required storage output for domestic hot water circulation system
energy output from the storage to cover domestic hot water circulation loop thermal losses
3.5
required storage output for space heating
energy output from the storage to be delivered to space heating distribution system
3.6
usable energy
accumulated energy in the storage/layer available at the temperature above or equal to the min. required
value for domestic hot water or space heating service
3.7
energy input to the storage from the generation system
energy delivered to the storage by external/internal heater and/or solar loop
3.8
energy deficiency to be supplied by other systems
amount of energy that cannot be provided by heater(s) plus accumulated energy to cover the demand
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3.9
thermosyphon circulation
natural circulation within connecting pipe due to temperature difference between storage and fluid in pipes
when circulation pump is off
3.10
additional heat loss for connections (accounts thermosyphon circulation)
additional storage thermal loss that take into account the presence of thermosyphon circulation within
connection pipes
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in EN ISO 52000-1 apply.
4.2 Subscripts
For the purposes of this document, the subscripts given in EN ISO 52000-1 and the specific subscripts listed
in Table 2 apply.
Table 2 —Subscripts
Subscript Term Subscript Term
bu heater ls losses
stby standby amb ambient
ref reference mn mean
vol,i layer index RT return temperature
cold cold water Hc heating circuit
ubl usable sol solar
nsup supplied by other exh heat exchanger
systems (if available)
use used sh space heating
nd needed ch consecutive hours
ncons no consumption avb available

5 Description of the methods
5.1 Output of the method
This method covers the calculation of energy delivered to the storage systems, energy delivered from the
storage systems to the domestic hot water and space heating distribution system and thermal losses
(recoverable or not) of storage systems used for heating and/or domestic hot water.
This method is only suitable for hourly time step (or shorter).
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5.2 Extension of the method
The method which is presented in the standard can be extended to storage systems with multiple storage
units.
The adaptation depends on the hydraulic schema used for the design of the storage system:
— serial connection – the storage units are hydraulically linked as the output of the storage unit 'n' become
the input of the storage unit 'n+1'. By default, hot water is delivered to the distribution system from
output of the last storage unit in series and the control system sets the priority of energy input to the
particular unit (e.g. based on the achieved storage units water content temperature in the previous time
step);
— parallel connection – the control systems sets the priority (hot water/energy output/input) for the
storage units that are considered independently.
5.3 Technologies covered and schematic of the hot water storage system
The following storage units and control systems are covered:
— type of heating source and withdraw connection: direct connection, heat exchanger;
— type of heat withdraw: domestic hot water or heating energy;
— position of heating source(s) and heat withdrawal(s) within the storage unit (heated layer, only in
method A);
— control strategy of the storage temperature:
— based on availability of energy delivered to the storage unit(s);
— priority given to domestic hot water, then space heating (by default);
— priority to solar heating, then additional heater(s).
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5.4 Principles of the calculation of hot water storage systems by layers

Key
1 layer 1 i+1 layer i+1
2 energy input n-1 layer n-1
3 energy input n layer n – number of layers
i layer i 4 mixing valve
Figure 1 — General model of the layered storage unit
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Key
1 layer i
2 energy exchange due to thermal conduction with the upper layer
3 energy exchange with ambient – contribution of layer i to thermal losses
4 energy exchange due to thermal conduction with the lower layer i-1
5 energy input into volume i
6 energy exchange due to mass transfer
Figure 2 — Energy balance for layer i
The energy balance for layer i is calculated by Formula (1):
mc ϑϑ− Q + ∆m * c ϑ −+ϑ H ϑϑ− − Q i− H ϑ− ϑ
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
i p t +1,,i ti t +1,i t w,p ti, −1 i TR,i +11ti, + ti, sto,Is TR,i ti,,ti −1
(1)
where
Key 1 m c (ϑ - ϑ ) is the variation of the enthalpy of the layer i;
i p;w t+1,i ,i
Key 5 Q : is the energy input to the layer i;
t+1,i
Key 6 . is the variation of enthalpy due to mass transfer with
Δm c (ϑ -ϑ )
t p t,i-1 t;i
temperature of the underlying layer;
Key 2 H (ϑ - ϑ ) is the energy exchange due to conduction with the lower layer;
TR, i ,i t,i-1
Key 4 H (ϑ - ϑ ) is the energy exchange due to conduction with the upper layer;
TR, i+1 t,i+1 t,i
Key 3 Q (i) is the contribution of the layer i to the thermal losses of the
sto,ls
storage unit.
NOTE H is not characterized in the standardized tests and is neglected in the calculation. Consequences for
TR
neglecting conduction transfer between layers will result to suppress the thermal interaction between the different
layers used in the method A; these thermal transfers impact the temperatures as the thermal stratification is reduced.
The energy balance at the storage level is respected.
12
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6 Calculation method
6.1 Output data
The output data of this method are listed in Tables 3 and 4.
Table 3 — Output data of method A
Name Symbol Computed Unit Intended
symbol destination
Energy supplied by storage to the distribution Q Q_X_sto_ou kWh M3–1
X;sto;out
system (expressed per service X) t
M8–1
Energy input to the storage from the generation Q Q_H_sto_X_i kWh M3–1
H;sto;X;in
system n
M8–1
Heat losses Q Q_H_sto_ls kWh M2–2
H;sto;ls
Heat losses location (thermal zone identifier) Z Z_th ID M2-2
th
Energy deficiency to be supplied by other Q Q_X_sto_ns kWh M3–1
X;sto;nsup
systems (if available) up
M8-1
Temperature (s) of the volume (s) of the storage ϑ theta_sto_v °C M3-7
sto;vol,i
unit ol_i
M8–7
Temperature at the output of the solar loop heat Θ Theta_sol_l °C M3–8-3
sol;loop;in
exchanger (inlet to the solar loop) oop_in
M8–8-3
Temperature at the output of the heater heat ϑ Theta_Hc_R °C M3–1
Hc;RT
exchanger (return to generator) T
M8–1
Mean temperature in the heater heat exchanger ϑ Theta_Hc_ °C M3–1
Hc;mn
mn
M8–1

Table 4 — Output data of method B
Name Symbol Computed Unit Intended
symbol destination
Energy supplied by s
...