SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Signalling System No.7; ISDN User Part (ISUP) version 3 for the international interface; Part 20: Completion of Calls on No Reply (CCNR) supplementary service33.080Digitalno omrežje z integriranimi storitvami (ISDN)Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)ICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 300 356-20 Version 3.2.8SIST EN 300 356-20:2000en01-januar-2000SIST EN 300 356-20:2000SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)European Standard (Telecommunications series)Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN);Signalling System No.7;ISDN User Part (ISUP) version 3 for the international interface;Part 20: Completion of Calls on No Reply (CCNR)supplementary serviceSIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)2ReferenceDEN/SPS-01036 (3at01itc.PDF)KeywordsISDN, ISUP, SS7, supplementary service, CCNRETSIPostal addressF-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCEOffice address650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia AntipolisValbonne - FRANCETel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00
Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 CAssociation à but non lucratif enregistrée à laSous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88Internetsecretariat@etsi.frhttp://www.etsi.frhttp://www.etsi.orgCopyright NotificationNo part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1998.All rights reserved.SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)3ContentsIntellectual Property Rights.7Foreword.71Scope.92Normative references.93Definitions and abbreviations.113.1Definitions.113.2Abbreviations.124Description.125Operational requirements.135.1Provision/withdrawal.135.2Requirements on the originating network.135.3Requirements on the terminating network.135.4Requirements on the transit network.136Coding requirements.136.1Introduction.136.2Coding requirements.146.2.1ISUP protocol.146.2.1.1Signalling aspects impacting the routing.146.2.1.2CCNR Possible indicator in ACM/CPG.146.2.1.3CCNR Call indicator.146.2.2ASE for CCNR.156.2.2.1General.156.2.2.1.1Subsystem number.156.2.2.1.2List of operations.156.2.2.1.3List of parameter types.156.2.2.1.4List of application errors.166.2.3Abstract syntax, general.166.3ASN.1 module.167Signalling requirements.177.1Activation/deactivation/registration.177.1.1Activation.177.1.1.1Actions at the originating local exchange.177.1.1.1.1Normal procedure.177.1.1.1.2Exceptional procedure.187.1.1.2Actions at the destination local exchange.187.1.1.2.1Normal procedures.187.1.1.2.2Exceptional procedures.197.1.2Deactivation.197.1.2.1Actions at the originating local exchange.197.1.2.1.1Normal procedures.197.1.2.1.2Exceptional procedures.197.1.2.2Actions at the destination local exchange.197.1.2.2.1Normal procedures.197.1.2.2.2Exceptional procedures.207.1.3Registration.207.2Erasure.207.3Invocation and operation.207.3.1Actions at the originating local exchange.207.3.1.1Normal operation.207.3.1.2Exceptional procedures.207.3.2Actions at a transit exchange.227.3.2.1Normal operation.22SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)47.3.2.2Exceptional procedures.227.3.3Actions at the outgoing international gateway exchange.227.3.3.1Normal operation.227.3.3.2Exceptional procedures.227.3.4Actions at the incoming international gateway exchange.227.3.4.1Normal operation.227.3.4.2Exceptional procedures.227.3.5Actions at the destination local exchange.227.3.5.1Normal operation.227.3.5.2Exceptional procedure.247.4Use of TC and SCCP.257.4.1Routing in the SCCP network.257.4.2Number information used for routing.257.4.3SCCP message return procedure.257.4.4Primitives used between the CCNR-ASE and TC.267.5Dialogue.267.5.1General.267.5.2Dialogue beginning.267.5.3Dialogue continuation.277.5.4Dialogue end.277.5.4.1Basic end.277.5.4.2Abnormal end.288Interaction with other supplementary services.288.1Call waiting (CW).288.2Call transfer services.288.2.1Explicit call transfer (ECT).288.3Connected line identification presentation (COLP).288.4Connected line identification restriction (COLR).288.5Calling line identification presentation (CLIP).298.6Calling line identification restriction (CLIR).298.7Closed user group (CUG).298.8Conference calling (CONF).298.9Direct dialling in (DDI).298.10Call diversion services.298.10.1Call forwarding activated by user A.298.10.2Call forwarding activated by user B.298.10.2.1Originating local exchange.298.10.2.2Destination local exchange (B).298.11Line Hunting.308.12Three party service (3PTY).308.13User-to-user signalling (UUS).308.14Multiple subscriber number (MSN).308.15Call hold (HOLD).308.16Advice of charge.308.16.1AOC, charging information at call set-up time (AOC-S).308.16.2AOC, charging information during the call (AOC-D).308.16.3AOC, charging information at the end of a call (AOC-E).308.17Subaddressing (SUB).308.18Terminal portability (TP).318.19Completion of calls to busy subscriber (CCBS).318.20Malicious call identification (MCID).318.21Completion of Calls on No Reply (CCNR).318.22Message Waiting Indication (MWI).318.23Outgoing Call Barring (OCB).318.24Selective Call Forwarding (SCF).319Interaction with other networks.319.1Interworking with an ISUP network without an ISUP that fully supports the CCNR capability.319.2Interworking with a network without CCNR-ASE capability.329.3Interworking with a network without SCCP/TC capability.32SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)59.4Interworking with an intermediate network without 1993 version of SCCP capability.339.5Interworking with PSTN with analogue subscribers using the CCNR service.339.6Interworking with PSTN user.339.7Procedures for interworking with private ISDNs.339.7.1Provision/withdrawal.339.7.2Normal procedure.339.7.2.1Activation/deactivation/registration.339.7.2.1.1Activation.339.7.2.1.2Deactivation.349.7.2.1.3Registration.349.7.2.2Erasure.349.7.2.3Invocation and operation.349.7.3Exceptional procedures.349.7.3.1Activation/deactivation/registration.349.7.3.1.1Activation.349.7.3.1.2Deactivation.349.7.3.1.3Registration.349.7.3.2Erasure.349.7.3.3Invocation and operation.359.7.3.3.1Exceptional situation at destination B's side.359.7.3.3.2Exceptional situation at user A's side.359.7.3.3.3Network congestion.359.8Interworking between two networks supporting CCNR.3510Signalling flows.3610.1Normal call - destination B provides the CCNR Possible indicator.3610.2Normal call - Successful CCNR request followed by a successful CCNR call set up.3710.3Unsuccessful CCNR request, terminal activated.3810.4Unsuccessful CCNR request, network decision.3810.5Successful CCNR request followed by an unsuccessful CCNR call set up.3910.6B idle at CCNR request from A.4010.7A busy when B becomes free.4011Parameter values.4111.1Timers in the originating local exchange.4111.2Timers in the destination local exchange.4111.3Interworking timers.4212Dynamic description.42Annex A (informative):Coding of the compatibility information.43A.1CCNR Possible indicator parameter.43A.2CCSS Parameter.44Annex B (informative):Signalling Interworking.45B.1Interworking at the Originating Local Exchange.45B.1.1CCNR call set-up.45B.1.2CCNR available indication.45B.1.3CCNR request.46B.1.4Remote user free.47B.1.5Suspend/Resume request.47B.1.6Deactivation request.47B.2Interworking at the Destination Local Exchange.48B.2.1CCNR call set-up.48B.2.2CCNR request.48B.2.3Remote user free.49B.2.4CCNR available indication.49B.2.5Suspend/Resume request.49SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)6Annex C (informative):Definition of operations for CCNR.50History.51SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)7Intellectual Property RightsIPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The informationpertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be foundin SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respectof ETSI standards", which is available free of charge from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on theETSI Web server (http://www.etsi.org/ipr).Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guaranteecan be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server)which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.ForewordThis European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee SignallingProtocols and Switching (SPS).The present document is part 20 of a multi-part standard covering the ISDN User Part (ISUP) version 3 for theinternational interface, as identified below:Part 1:"Basic services";Part 2:"ISDN supplementary services";Part 3:"Calling Line Identification Presentation (CLIP) supplementary service";Part 4:"Calling Line Identification Restriction (CLIR) supplementary service";Part 5:"Connected Line Identification Presentation (COLP) supplementary service";Part 6:"Connected Line Identification Restriction (COLR) supplementary service";Part 7:"Terminal Portability (TP) supplementary service";Part 8:"User-to-User Signalling (UUS) supplementary service";Part 9:"Closed User Group (CUG) supplementary service";Part 10:"Subaddressing (SUB) supplementary service";Part 11:"Malicious Call Identification (MCID) supplementary service";Part 12:"Conference call, add-on (CONF) supplementary service";Part 14:"Explicit Call Transfer (ECT) supplementary service";Part 15:"Diversion supplementary services";Part 16:"Call Hold (HOLD) supplementary service";Part 17:"Call Waiting (CW) supplementary service";Part 18:"Completion of Calls to Busy Subscriber (CCBS) supplementary service";Part 19:"Three party (3PTY) supplementary service".Part 20:"Completion of Calls on No Reply (CCNR) supplementary service";Part 31:"Basic Services; PICS proforma specification";Part 32:"Basic Services; Test suite structure and test purposes";Part 33:"Basic Services; ATS and partial PIXIT proforma specification";Part 34:"Supplementary Services; PICS proforma specification";Part 35:"Supplementary Services; Test suite structure and test purposes";Part 36:"Supplementary Services; ATS and partial PIXIT proforma specification".NOTE:Part 13 has not been issued.SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)8In accordance with CCITT Recommendation I.130, the following three level structure is used to describe thesupplementary telecommunication services as provided by European public telecommunications operators under thepan-European Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN):-Stage 1: is an overall service description, from the user's stand-point;-Stage 2: identifies the functional capabilities and information flows needed to support the service described instage 1; and-Stage 3: defines the signalling system protocols and switching functions needed to implement the servicedescribed in stage 1.The present document details the stage 3 aspects (signalling system protocols and switching functions) needed tosupport the CCNR supplementary service. The stage 1 aspects are detailed in EN 301 134.NOTE:Currently no stage 2 document exists.National transposition datesDate of adoption of this EN:18 September 1998Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa):31 December 1998Date of latest publication of new National Standardor endorsement of this EN (dop/e):30 June 1999Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow):30 June 1999SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)91ScopeThe present document specifies the stage three of the Completion of Calls on No Reply (CCNR) supplementary servicefor the ISDN as provided by the European public telecommunications operators by means of the Signalling System No.7protocol. Stage three identifies the protocol procedures and switching functions needed to support a telecommunicationservice (see CCITT Recommendation I.130 [3]).The present document specifies the additional requirements where the service is provided to the user via an intermediateISDN.The present document does not specify the additional requirements where the service is provided to the user via atelecommunications network that is not an ISDN.Although the present document applies only to the international interconnection, the specification of functions, formatsand codes of messages and signals, and actions performed at originating and destination local exchanges are retained.Formats, codes and procedures marked for national use are included for informative purposes for the internationalinterface specification. If these items so marked are supported within a national network and operator's network, then itis proposed that they shall be supported in this manner.NOTE:In the case where a national signalling system behaves differently, the international gateway exchange isto support both the national network concerned and the international network.Charging aspects are outside the scope of the present document.2Normative referencesReferences may be made to:a)specific versions of publications (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.), inwhich case, subsequent revisions to the referenced document do not apply; orb)all versions up to and including the identified version (identified by "up to and including" before the versionidentity); orc)all versions subsequent to and including the identified version (identified by "onwards" following the versionidentity); ord)publications without mention of a specific version, in which case the latest version applies.A non-specific reference to an ETS shall also be taken to refer to later versions published as an EN with the samenumber.[1]CCITT Recommendation E.164 (1991): "Numbering plan for the ISDN era".[2]Void.[3]CCITT Recommendation I.130 (1988): "Method for the characterisation of telecommunicationservices supported by an ISDN and network capabilities of an ISDN".[4]Void.[5]Void.[6]ITU-T Recommendations X.680 - X.683 (1994): "Specification of Abstract Syntax Notation One(ASN.1)".[7]ETS 300 009-1: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Signalling System No.7; SignallingConnection Control Part (SCCP) (connectionless and connection-oriented class 2) to supportinternational interconnection; Part 1: Protocol specification [ITU-T Recommendations Q.711 toQ.714 and Q.716 (1993), modified]".SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)10[8]ETS 300 287-1: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Signalling System No.7;Transaction Capabilities (TC) version 2; Part 1: Protocol specification [ITU-T RecommendationsQ.771 to Q.775 (1993), modified]".[9]ETS 300 121 (1993): "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Application of the ISDN UserPart (ISUP) of CCITT Signalling System No.7 for international ISDN interconnections (ISUPversion 1)".[10]EN 300 356-1 (V3.2): "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Signalling System No.7;ISDN User Part (ISUP) version 3 for the international interface; Part 1: Basic services [ITU-TRecommendations Q.761 to Q.764 (1997), modified]".[11]Void.[12]EN 301 134 (V1.1): "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Completion of Calls on NoReply (CCNR) supplementary service; Service description".[13]EN 300 356-18 (V3.1): "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Signalling System No.7;ISDN User Part (ISUP) version 3 for the international interface; Part 18: Completion of Calls toBusy Subscriber (CCBS) supplementary service [ITU-T Recommendation Q.733, clause 3 (1997),modified]".[14]EN 301 065-1 (V1.1): "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Completion of Calls on NoReply (CCNR) supplementary service; Digital Subscriber Signalling System No. one (DSS1)protocol; Part 1: Protocol specification".[15]Void.[16]Void.[17]Void.[18]ITU-T Recommendation Q.715 (1995): "SCCP user's guide".[19]ITU-T Recommendation Q.733.5: "Stage 3 description for Call Completion supplementaryservices using Signalling System No.7, Clause 5 - Completion of Calls on No Reply (CCNR)".[20]ETS 300 264: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Videotelephony teleservice; Servicedescription".SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)113Definitions and abbreviations3.1DefinitionsFor the purposes of the present document, the following definitions apply:The following terms (i.e. a) through n)) are defined in EN 301 134 [12]. Abbreviated timer names are defined in thebrackets.a)User A;b)Destination B;c)CCNR recall;d)CCNR call;e)Busy;f)CCNR busy;In addition, a CCBS recall pending on user A is also considered as CCNR busy.g)Retention timer (CCNR-T1);h)CCNR service duration timer (CCNR-T3);i)CCNR recall timer (CCNR-T4);j)Destination B idle guard timer (CCNR-T8);k)Suspended CCNR request;l)CCNR request;m)Compatible terminal;n)Activity.Other terms:retain option: the retain option, if supported in both the originating and destination network, will maintain the CCNRrequest in the destination B queue, if a CCNR call has failed due to destination busy condition.long term denial: the network cannot accept user A's request to activate the CCNR supplementary service and a laterattempt to activate the CCNR supplementary service for the same destination B will also be rejected.short term denial: the network temporarily cannot accept user A's request to activate the CCNR supplementary service.A later attempt to activate the CCNR supplementary service for the same destination B may succeed.CCNR call indicator: information sent in the forward direction, used in a CCNR supplementary service CCNR call set-up to distinguish this call from an ordinary call at the destination local exchange. This indicator is carried in the CallCompletion Supplementary Service parameter in the IAM.CCNR possible indicator: indicator used in the CCNR Possible Indicator parameter in the ACM/CPG to indicate thepossibility to invoke a possible succeeding CCNR service request.SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)123.2AbbreviationsFor the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:ACMAddress Complete MessageANMAnswer MessageASEApplication Service ElementASN.1Abstract Syntax Notation oneCCBSCompletion of Calls to Busy SubscriberCCNRCompletion of Calls on No ReplyCFBCall Forwarding BusyCFNRCall Forwarding No ReplyCFUCall Forwarding UnconditionalCLICalling Line IdentificationCONConnect messageCPGCall Progress messageDLEDestination Local ExchangeDSS1Digital Subscriber Signalling System No. oneGTGlobal TitleIAMInitial Address MessageIPIISDN user part Preference IndicatorISDNIntegrated Services Digital NetworkISPBXIntegrated Services Private Branch ExchangeISUPIntegrated Services digital network User PartOLEOriginating Local ExchangeOUOriginating UserPSTNPublic Switched Telephone NetworkRELRelease MessageRLCRelease Complete MessageSCCPSignalling Connection Control PartSDLSpecification and Description LanguageSPCSignalling Point CodeSSNSub System NumberSUBSubaddressTCTransaction CapabilitiesTETransit ExchangeTUTerminating UserUSIUser Service Information4DescriptionThe CCNR supplementary service enables user A, encountering a destination B which does not answer the call (NoReply), to have the call completed without having to make a new call attempt when the destination becomes not busyafter having initiated an activity.When user A encounters a destination B which does not answer the call (No Reply), user A can request the CCNRsupplementary service.When user A requests the CCNR supplementary service, the network will monitor for destination B becoming not busyafter having initiated an activity.When destination B becomes not busy (i.e. access resources, e.g. at least one B-channel, are not busy) after havinginitiated an activity, then the network will wait a short time (as defined by the destination B idle guard timer) in order toallow the resources to be re-used for originating a call. If the resources are not re-used by destination B within this time,then the network will automatically recall user A.SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)13When user A accepts the CCNR recall, then the network will automatically generate a CCNR call to destination B.The CCNR supplementary service is applicable to all circuit-switched telecommunications services with the followingexceptions:a)call 2 of the videotelephony teleservice (see ETS 300 264);b)all other circuit-switched telecommunications services requiring the use of more than one B-channel.5Operational requirements5.1Provision/withdrawalThe CCNR supplementary service may be provided to user A after prior arrangement with the service provider or maybe generally available. The CCNR supplementary service shall be withdrawn by the service provider upon request of thesubscriber or for service provider reasons.See also stage one description EN 301 134 [12].5.2Requirements on the originating networkIn order to operate the CCNR supplementary service, the originating local exchange shall have TC capabilities(ETS 300 287-1 [8]). The originating network shall have SCCP capability (ETS 300 009-1 [7]) for routing the TCoperations.5.3Requirements on the terminating networkIn order to operate the CCNR supplementary service, the destination local exchange shall have TC capabilities. Theterminating network shall have SCCP capability for routing the TC operations.5.4Requirements on the transit networkThe transit network shall have SCCP capability for routing the TC operations.6Coding requirements6.1IntroductionThis clause describes the coding of information needed to support the CCNR supplementary service. The coding isspecified for the following two protocols:a)ISUP (ITU-T Recommendations Q.761 to Q.764 as modified by EN 300 356-1 [10]);b)ASE for CCNR.SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)146.2 Coding requirements6.2.1 ISUP protocol6.2.1.1 Signalling aspects impacting the routingFor the CCNR call the IPI in the forward call indicators parameter in the IAM message shall be set to "ISDN User Partrequired all the way".For some interaction cases, the service is possible without ISUP 1997 signalling capability. See clause 9.6.2.1.2 CCNR Possible indicator in ACM/CPGAn indication about the possibility of invocation of CCNR in the destination local exchange is given in the CCNRPossible Indicator parameter in the ACM (subscriber free) / CPG (alerting). As the first call is a basic call and as othersignalling systems than "ISUP supporting CCNR" may be used, the CCNR Possible Indicator parameter is not alwaysconveyed.The format of the CCNR Possible Indicator parameter is shown in figure 1.87654321HGFEDCBAFigure 1: CCNR Possible Indicator ParameterThe following codes are used in the CCNR Possible Indicator parameter field:Bit A:CCNR Possible indicator0CCNR not possible1CCNR possibleBits H-B:SpareThe code of the CCNR Possible Indicator parameter is 0111 1010.6.2.1.3 CCNR Call indicatorThe CCNR Call indicator is carried in the CCSS parameter in the IAM.The format of the CCSS parameter is shown in figure 2.87654321HGFEDCBAFigure 2: CCSS ParameterSIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)15The following codes are used in the CCSS parameter field:BitA:CCSS Call indicator0no indication1CCSS callBitsH-B:SpareThe code of the CCSS parameter is 0100 1011.6.2.2ASE for CCNR6.2.2.1GeneralAll ASN.1 symbols defined in the ASN.1 module of the stage 3 description of CCBS (ITU-T Recommendation Q.733.3as modified by EN 300 356-18 [13]) except the CcbsRequest operation and the data types CalledPartyNumber,CallingPartyNumber are re-used for CCNR purposes.6.2.2.1.1Subsystem numberThe subsystem number (SSN) value 0000 1011 has been allocated to the ISDN supplementary services ASEs.6.2.2.1.2List of operationsFrom originating local exchange to destination local exchange:a)CCNR REQUEST (invoke)class 1;b)CCBS SUSPENDclass 4;c)CCBS RESUMEclass 4;d)CCBS CANCELclass 4.From destination local exchange to originating local exchange:a)CCNR REQUEST (return result, error)class 1;b)REMOTE USER FREEclass 4;c)CCBS CANCELclass 4.6.2.2.1.3List of parameter typesAddressing and identification parameters:a)Calling party number;b)Called party number;c)Additional called number.If presentation of the calling party number is allowed, the country code shall be included in the calling party number inthe originating local exchange, in case of an international outgoing call.Service management parameters:a)Retain supported;b)Cancel cause.SIST EN 300 356-20:2000

ETSIEN 300 356-20 V3.2.8 (1998-09)16Subscriber management parameters:a)User service information;b)User service information prime (see note);c)Access transport;NOTE:The user service information prime parameter is used in the case of signalling procedures for connectiontype with fallback capability.6.2.2.1.4List of application errorsa)Short term denial;b)Long term denial.6.2.3Abstract syntax, generalSubclause 6.3 specifies the abstract syntax for the CCNR ASE protocol using the Abstract Syntax Notation One(ASN.1) (ITU-T Recommendations X.680 - X.683 [6]).The set of values each of which is a value of the ASN.1 type "TCAPMessages.MessageType"
as defined inETS 300 287-1 [8] with the ANY DEFINED BY definitions resolved by the operations and errors definitions includedin subclause 6.3 form the abstract syntax for the CCNR ASE protocol.-The set of encoding rules which are applicable to this abstract syntax are defined in ETS 300 287-1 [8]. Themapping of the OPERATION and ERROR MACROs to TC components is also described in
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