SIST ETS 300 157 E1:2006

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ETS 300 157 E1:2006
01-februar-2006
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Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Receive-only Very Small Aperture Terminals
(VSATs) used for data distribution operating in the 11/12 GHz frequency bands
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 157 Edition 1
ICS:
33.060.30 Radiorelejni in fiksni satelitski Radio relay and fixed satellite
komunikacijski sistemi communications systems
SIST ETS 300 157 E1:2006 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST ETS 300 157 E1:2006

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SIST ETS 300 157 E1:2006
EUROPEAN ETS 300 157
TELECOMMUNICATION November 1992
STANDARD
Source: ETSI TC-SES Reference: DE/SES-2001
ICS: 33.060.30
VSAT
Key words:
Satellite Earth Stations (SES);
Receive-only Very Small Aperture Terminals (VSATs)
used for data distribution
operating in the 11/12 GHz frequency bands
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - secretariat@etsi.fr
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: +33 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 93 65 47 16
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1992. All rights reserved.
New presentation - see History box

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ETS 300 157: November 1992
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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ETS 300 157: November 1992
Contents
Foreword.5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .8
3 Definitions and abbreviations.9
3.1 Definitions.9
3.2 Abbreviations.9
4 Requirements.10
4.1 Safety.10
4.1.1 Mechanical construction.10
4.1.2 Electrical safety . 12
4.1.2.1 Power voltages . 12
4.1.2.2 Lightning . 12
4.1.3 Solar radiation protection .12
4.2 Radio frequency.13
4.2.1 Spurious radiation.13
4.2.2 Electromagnetic immunity.13
5 Recommendations.14
5.1 Radio frequency.14
5.1.1 Antenna receive gain pattern (co-polar and cross-polar).14
5.1.2 Receive polarisation discrimination.15
5.1.3 Electromagnetic immunity.15
5.2 Mechanical .16
5.2.1 Pointing stability .16
5.2.2 Antenna pointing accuracy capability.16
5.2.3 Polarisation angle alignment capability .16
6 Terrestrial interfaces .17
7 Control and monitoring.17
Annex A (normative): Spurious radiation outside main beam - test procedure .18
A.1 Introduction.18
A.2 Measuring method.18
A.3 Equipment under test.19
A.4 Operating mode signal generation . 19
A.5 Test site and test set-up .19
A.6 Measuring procedures below cut-off frequency.19
History.20

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ETS 300 157: November 1992
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ETS 300 157: November 1992
Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced by the Satellite Earth Stations
(SES) Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), and, has
undergone the ETSI standards approval procedure in Public Enquiry 20 and Vote 25.
Every ETS prepared by ETSI is a voluntary standard. This ETS may contain text concerning type approval
of the equipment to which it relates. This text should be considered as guidance only and does not make
this ETS mandatory.

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ETS 300 157: November 1992
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ETS 300 157: November 1992
1 Scope
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) provides specifications for the standardisation of the
characteristics of receive-only Very Small Aperture Terminals (VSATs) operating as part of a satellite
network used for the distribution of data.
These VSATs have the following characteristics:
- operating in the exclusive space-to-earth part of the Ku-band allocated to the Fixed Satellite Service
(FSS), 12,50 to 12,75 GHz and the shared parts of the Ku-band, allocated to FSS and the Fixed
Service (FS), 10,7 to 11,7 GHz;
- designed for unattended operation;
- limited to reception of baseband digital signals;
- equipped with one or several terrestrial output ports;
- antenna diameter not exceeding 3,8 m or equivalent corresponding aperture.
The equipment considered in this ETS comprises both the "outdoor unit", usually composed of the antenna
subsystem and associated Low Noise Block (LNB), and the "indoor unit" composed of the remaining part
of the communication chain, including the cable between these two units.
This ETS does not contain any requirement, recommendation or information about the installation of the
VSATs. Nor is this ETS intended to apply to VSAT network hub stations.
This ETS deals with two types of specification:
a) Essential normative requirements (indicated in Clause 4)
Requirements are specified in order to protect other users of the frequency spectrum, both satellite
and terrestrial, from unacceptable interference. In addition requirements are specified for the
purposes of electrical safety, structural safety and solar radiation protection as well as protection
from harmful interference.
The test and measurement procedures associated with the normative requirements detailed in
Clause 4 of this ETS shall be met in order to qualify compliance with this ETS.
b) Recommendations (indicated in Clause 5)
Recommendations are related to characteristics which contribute to the quality of reception by
providing the VSAT with a minimum interference protection from other radio systems.
The test and measurement procedures associated with the informative recommendations detailed in
Clause 5 of this ETS are given for verification purposes only. The compliance with the
recommendation will not be taken as a condition to comply with this ETS.
All tests related to the requirements shall be performed and the results shall be entered in the data sheet
of the test report. The ability to comply with the recommendations shall also be noted in the data sheet of
the test report.

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2 Normative references
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) incorporates by dated or undated references,
provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the
text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references subsequent amendments to, or
revisions of any of these publications apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] IEC 950 (1991): "Safety of information technology equipment including electrical
business equipment".
[2] IEC 81(Co)6 (1981): "Standards for lightning protection of structures".
[3] CISPR publication No.22 (1985): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio
interference characteristics of information technology equipment".
[4] CISPR publication No.16 (1987): "Specification for radio interference measuring
apparatus and measurement method".
[5] EN 55011 (1986): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio interference
characteristics of industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio frequency
equipment".
[6] IEC 510-2-1 (1978): "Part 2: Measurements for sub-systems. Section One -
general, Section Two - Antenna (including feed network)".
[7] IEC 801-3 (1984): "Part 3: Radiated electromagnetic field requirements".
[8] CCIR Recommendation 732 (1990): "Method for statistical processing of Earth
station antenna side-lobe peaks".
[9] Draft prETS 300 193: "Satellite Earth Stations (SES); General requirements for
the connection of Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) systems to terrestrial
networks (DE/SES-3001)".
[10] Draft prETS 300 194: "Satellite Earth Stations (SES); The interconnection of
Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) systems to Packet Switched Public Data
Networks (PSPDNs) (DE/SES-3002)".
[11] Draft ETS DE/SES-3003: "Standard for the interconnection of VSAT systems to
CSPDNs".
[12] Draft ETS DE/SES-3007: "Standard for the interconnection of VSAT systems to
ISDN".

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3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purpose of this ETS, the following definitions apply:
Outdoor unit: is the part of the terminal installed in a position within line of sight to the satellite(s) to be
received, and it is intended to be operated in outdoor environmental conditions.
It usually comprises two main parts:
a) the antenna sub-system which converts the incident radiation field into a guided wave;
b) the Low Noise Block (LNB), which is a device that amplifies, with very low internal noise the received
signals in the Radio Frequency (RF) band and converts them to intermediate frequencies.
NOTE: The installation equipment (means of attachment) is not included in this ETS. However,
the antenna structures and other components directly mounted on the antenna and
forming an integral part of it, are subject to the specifications of this ETS.
Indoor unit: is composed of the remaining part of the equipment. It is generally installed inside the
buildings and is connected to the outdoor unit. The connection cable between the outdoor and indoor
belongs to the indoor unit.
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purpose of this ETS, the following abbreviations apply:
CSPDN Circuit Switched Public Data Network
EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power
EUT Equipment Under Test
FS Fixed Service
FSS Fixed Satellite Service
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
LNB Low Noise Block (low noise amplifier and down converter)
PSPDN Packet Switched Public Data Network
RF Radio Frequency
VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal

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4 Requirements
4.1 Safety
4.1.1 Mechanical construction
Purpose:
Protection of operating personnel, the public and goods from insecure structures.
Specification:
This specification applies to the outdoor unit only.
The outdoor unit, including mounted and structural components, (but excluding the means of attachment)
shall be designed to support the following main loads due to:
- the weight of the antenna and structural components;
- the wind speed.
Loading due to snow and ice is not considered.
At wind speeds up to 180 km/h, referred to standard atmosphere temperature and pressure
5
[293 K and 1,013 x 10 Pa (1 013 mbar)] none of the components shall have been torn away.
Verification:
Two alternative methods are proposed for verification.
a) Wind tunnel testing.
A wind tunnel is used for the purpose of conformance testing. The wind tunnel tests shall be
performed on the outdoor unit, or alternatively on a scale-model of the outdoor unit. The data
obtained for the scale-model shall be computed in order to obtain data for the true antenna size.
b) Numerical analysis and simplified tests.
This method is to provide an alternative to the wind tunnel test. The effects of maximum wind load
shall be first computed on the overall outdoor unit using a numerical analysis method, e.g. finite
elements method by computer taking into account the intrinsic properties of the materials. In a
second step, the computed loads shall be applied to the structure.
The purpose of the numerical analysis is twofold:
1) to show compliance with the specification under nominated conditions;
2) to compute equivalent static loads (force and torque) applied to the critical attachment points
of the structure, e.g.:
- reflector - mounting legs fixing point;
- reflector - struts;
- struts - LNB.

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Test procedure:
a) Wind tunnel.
The test object shall be mounted in such a way, that wind load can be applied from all horizontal
directions in steps of 45°. The tests shall be carried out with the elevation angle of the antenna at its
minimum and at its maximum in turn. The wind load shall be increased gradually in steps up to
180 km/h, each step lasting approximately one minute.
The tests may be performed at any atmosphere, temperature and air pressure. If the atmospheric
conditions differ from standard conditions (temperature = 293 K,
5
air pressure = 1,013 x 10 Pa), then the test velocity shall be determined according to the formula:
5
VV=×((1,013 10 ) /P )× (T / 293)
TS T T
where: V = wind velocity in test
T
V = wind velocity in standard conditions
S
P = air pressure in test, (Pa)
T
T = temperature in test, (K)
T
During the load conditions the test object shall be observed and the distortions recorded.
The test report shall contain:
- description of the test equipment;
- description of the tests performed;
- results of the measurements, or calculations on the mechanical loads transmitted
from the outdoor unit to the attachment devices.
For the pointing stability (see subclause 5.2.1):
- results of the measurements of the deviation of the antenna position, and
components with respect to each other.
b) Numerical analysis and tests.
The computations needed to derive the field of forces and torque and
...