ISO/TS 19022:2016

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19022
First edition
Plastics — Determination acceleration
of laboratory weathering
Plastiques — Détermination de l’accélération du vieillissement en
laboratoire
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO/TS 19022:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
ISO/TS 19022:2015(E)
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO/TS 19022:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
5 Principle . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
6.1 General . 2
6.2 Test chamber . 2
6.3 Laboratory radiation source . 3
6.3.1 General. 3
6.3.2 Spectral irradiance . 3
6.3.3 Irradiance uniformity . 3
6.4 Radiometer . 4
6.5 Test chamber temperature and relative humidity . 4
6.6 Black-standard/black-panel thermometer . 4
6.7 Wetting and humidity-control equipment . 4
6.7.1 General. 4
6.7.2 Relative-humidity control equipment . 4
6.7.3 Spray system . 4
6.8 Specimen holders . 4
6.9 Apparatus to assess changes in properties . 5
7 Test specimens. 5
8 Test method . 5
9 Exposure conditions . 6
9.1 Radiation . 6
9.2 Temperature . 6
9.2.1 Black-standard and black-panel temperature . 6
9.2.2 Chamber air temperature . 6
9.2.3 Specimen surface temperature. 6
9.3 Humidity of chamber air . 7
9.3.1 Relative humidity of chamber air . 7
9.3.2 Spray cycle . 7
10 Procedure. 7
10.1 General . 7
10.2 Mounting the test specimens . 7
10.3 Exposure . 7
10.4 Measurement of radiant exposure . 8
10.5 Determination of changes in properties after exposure . 8
11 Test report . 8
Annex A (informative) Principle of reciprocity . 9
Bibliography .10
ISO/TS 19022:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 6, Ageing, chemical
and environmental resistance.
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO/TS 19022:2015(E)
Introduction
A realization of the acceleration of laboratory weathering under controlled conditions is an essential
requirement for delivering reliable and fast prediction of material durability. In this connection, the
correlation to real use aging behaviour is being checked constantly.
The fundamental parameters of a weathering test are simulated solar radiation, heat and moisture. The
induced change in the material properties, among other things, is determined by the irradiance level
and relative spectral irradiance of simulated solar radiation incident on the material surface during
the test, the surface temperature, and the level of moisture. An increase in some well-known weather
parameters, continuously monitored outdoors, offers opportunities to speed up the weathering process
outdoors and in the laboratory. Since 1967, acceleration of outdoor weathering with instruments for
intensified weathering using concentrated solar radiation (according to ISO 877-3) became a common
practice. By concentrating the natural solar radiation with Fresnel mirrors, irradiances of five to six
times higher than the maximum natural level has been reached. Already in 1996, a screening procedure
with very high irradiances for dyed textiles were developed which enabled the reduction of the test
[5]
duration for lightfastness grades from five days to seven days to two and a half days.
However, the applicability of an increased irradiance for deterministic acceleration of weathering
without a specific knowledge of material properties requires that the degradation of material (at
constant temperature and moisture conditions) has to be dependent on the applied radiant exposure
only, irrespective of the irradiance level and resulting exposure duration used during the test. For some
materials fulfilling this criterion, the acceleration of weathering has been demonstrated successfully.
[6][7][8][9]
This criterion is not always fulfilled since an increase in the irradiance might not always
produce the expected increase in the weathering acceleration due to possible and a priory unknown to
the operator nonlinear dependence of the photochemical processes on the irradiance level. Moreover,
the overall material degradation might be strongly affected by the other weather parameters which
can be modified due to the increased irradiance.
There are limitations in using increased irradiances. Therefore, the applicability and the limits of this
weathering acceleration approach are determined by the properties of the specific material and have
to be investigated systematically in each particular case. In this respect, it is of essential importance
to validate an appropriate test procedure under controlled conditions in laboratory with an artificial
radiation source which can provide high irradiances above the natural level with the relative spectral
irradiance closely mimicking the natural solar radiation. Simultaneously, the temperature of the sample
specimen surface and of the chamber air is kept constant in a wide range of irradiance level. In addition,
the usual wetting and rain option have to be available.
...