ISO 19904-1:2019
(Main)Petroleum and natural gas industries — Floating offshore structures — Part 1: Ship-shaped, semi-submersible, spar and shallow-draught cylindrical structures
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Floating offshore structures — Part 1: Ship-shaped, semi-submersible, spar and shallow-draught cylindrical structures
This document provides requirements and guidance for the structural design and/or assessment of floating offshore platforms used by the petroleum and natural gas industries to support the following functions: — production; — storage and/or offloading; — drilling and production; — production, storage and offloading; — drilling, production, storage and offloading. NOTE 1 Floating offshore platforms are often referred to using a variety of abbreviations, e.g. FPS, FSU, FPSO (see Clauses 3 and 4), in accordance with their intended mission. NOTE 2 In this document, the term "floating structure", sometimes shortened to "structure", is used as a generic term to indicate the structural systems of any member of the classes of platforms defined above. NOTE 3 In some cases, floating platforms are designated as "early production platforms". This term relates merely to an asset development strategy. For the purposes of this document, the term "production" includes "early production". This document is not applicable to the structural systems of mobile offshore units (MOUs). These include, among others, the following: — floating structures intended primarily to perform drilling and/or well intervention operations (often referred to as MODUs), even when used for extended well test operations; — floating structures used for offshore construction operations (e.g. crane barges or pipelay barges), for temporary or permanent offshore living quarters (floatels), or for transport of equipment or products (e.g. transportation barges, cargo barges), for which structures reference is made to relevant recognized classification society (RCS) rules. This document is applicable to all possible life-cycle stages of the structures defined above, such as: — design, construction and installation of new structures, including requirements for inspection, integrity management and future removal, — structural integrity management covering inspection and assessment of structures in-service, and — conversion of structures for different use (e.g. a tanker converted to a production platform) or re‑use at different locations. The following types of floating structure are explicitly considered within the context of this document: a) ship-shaped structures and barges; b) semi-submersibles; c) spars; d) shallow-draught cylindrical structures. In addition to the structural types listed above, this document covers other floating platforms intended to perform the above functions, consisting of partially submerged buoyant hulls made up of any combination of plated and space frame components. These other structures can have a great range of variability in geometry and structural forms (e.g. tension leg platforms) and, therefore, can be only partly covered by the requirements of this document. In other cases, specific requirements stated in this document can be found not to apply to all or part of a structure under consideration. NOTE 4 Requirements for topsides structures are presented in ISO 19901-3. In the above cases, conformity with this document requires the design to be based upon its underpinning principles and to achieve a level of safety equivalent, or superior, to the level implicit in it. NOTE 5 The speed of evolution of offshore technology often far exceeds the pace at which the industry achieves substantial agreement on innovation in structural concepts, structural shapes or forms, structural components and associated analysis and design practices, which are continuously refined and enhanced. On the other hand, International Standards can only capture explicit industry consensus, which requires maturation and acceptance of new ideas. Consequently, advanced structural concepts can, in some cases, only be partly covered by the requirements of this document. This document is applicable to steel floating structures. The principles documented herein are, however, considered to be generally applicable to structures fabricated in materials other
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Structures en mer flottantes — Partie 1: Structures en forme de navire, structures semi-submersibles, plates-formes spar et structures cylindriques à faible tirant d’eau
Le présent document spécifie des exigences et des recommandations pour la conception et/ou l'évaluation de la structure de plates-formes en mer flottantes utilisées par les industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel pour supporter les fonctions suivantes : — production ; — stockage et/ou déchargement ; — forage et production ; — production, stockage et déchargement ; — forage, production, stockage et déchargement. NOTE 1 Les plates-formes en mer flottantes sont souvent citées au moyen de différentes abréviations, par exemple FPS, FSU, FPSO (voir les Articles 3 et 4), conformément à leur mission prévue. NOTE 2 Dans le présent document, le terme « structure flottante », parfois abrégé en « structure » est utilisé comme terme générique pour indiquer les systèmes structurels de tous éléments de classes de plates-formes définies ci-dessus. NOTE 3 Dans certains cas, les plates-formes flottantes sont désignées comme étant des « plates-formes de production précoce ». Ce terme se rapporte simplement à une stratégie de développement d'immobilisation. Pour les besoins du présent document, le terme « production » inclut « production précoce ». Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux systèmes structurels d'unités en mer mobiles (MOU). Cela comprend notamment : — des structures flottantes prévues principalement pour exécuter des opérations de forage et/ou d'interventions sur les puits (souvent appelées MODU), même lorsqu'elles sont utilisées pour des opérations étendues d'essais de puits ; — des structures flottantes utilisées pour des opérations de construction en mer (par exemple des barges grues ou des barges de pose), pour des quartiers de vie en mer temporaires ou permanents (hôtels flottants), ou pour le transport d'équipements ou de produits (par exemple barges de transport, des barges cargo), pour lesquelles la référence des structures est établie par rapport à des règles de société de classification reconnues (RCS). Le présent document est applicable à tous les stades possibles du cycle de vie des structures définies ci‑dessus, tels que : — la conception, la construction et l'installation de nouvelles structures, y compris les exigences d'inspection, de gestion de l'intégrité et d'enlèvement futur ; — la gestion de l'intégrité structurelle couvrant l'inspection et l'évaluation des structures en service ; et — la conversion de structures pour une utilisation différente (par exemple un pétrolier converti en une plate-forme de production) ou la réutilisation à des endroits différents. Les types suivants de structures flottantes sont explicitement considérés dans le contexte du présent document : a) structures en forme de navires et barges ; b) unités semi-submersibles ; c) plates-formes spars ; d) structures cylindriques à faible tirant d'eau. En plus des types de structures répertoriés ci-dessus, le présent document couvre d'autres plates-formes flottantes prévues pour exécuter les fonctions ci-dessus, constituées de coques flottantes partiellement submergées constituées de toute combinaison de composants de structures plaqués et d'espace. Ces autres structures peuvent avoir une géométrie et des formes structurelles très différentes (par exemple plates-formes à ancrage tendu) et, en conséquence, ne peuvent être que partiellement couvertes par les exigences du présent document. Dans d'autres cas, il se peut que les exigences spécifiques mentionnées dans le présent document ne s'appliquent pas à tout ou partie des structures à l'étude. NOTE 4 Les exigences relatives aux structures Top Sides sont présentées dans l'ISO 19901-3. Dans tous les cas ci-dessus, la conformité au présent document exige que la conception soit fondée sur ses principes de base et atteigne un niveau de sécurité équivalent, ou supérieur, au niveau implicite de celle-ci. NOTE 5 La vitesse d'évolution de la technologie des structures en mer dépasse souvent de loin le rythme auquel l'industrie arrive à un accord substantiel sur l'innovation dans
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19904-1
Second edition
2019-05
Petroleum and natural gas
industries — Floating offshore
structures —
Part 1:
Ship-shaped, semi-submersible,
spar and shallow-draught cylindrical
structures
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Structures en mer
flottantes —
Partie 1: Unités monocoques, unités semi-submersibles et unités spars
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .ix
Introduction .xi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms .11
4.1 Symbols .11
4.2 Abbreviated terms .12
5 Overall considerations .14
5.1 General .14
5.2 Safety requirements .14
5.3 Planning requirements .15
5.3.1 General.15
5.3.2 Exposure level .15
5.3.3 Basis of design . .15
5.3.4 Design practices . . .15
5.3.5 Inspection and maintenance philosophy .16
5.3.6 Documentation .16
5.3.7 Extreme weather preparedness .16
5.3.8 Disconnectable floating platforms.16
5.4 Additional standards and specifications .17
5.4.1 General.17
5.4.2 Use for project application .17
5.5 General requirements .17
5.5.1 Functional requirements .17
5.5.2 Structural design philosophy .18
5.5.3 Design criteria .19
5.5.4 Hydrostatic stability and compartmentation .19
5.5.5 Weight control .19
5.5.6 Global response.19
5.5.7 Stationkeeping .20
5.5.8 Materials .20
5.5.9 Topsides layout — safety considerations .20
5.6 Independent verification .20
5.7 Analytical tools .21
5.8 In-service inspection and maintenance .21
5.9 Assessment, re-use and life extension .21
6 Basic design requirements .21
6.1 General .21
6.2 Limit states .21
6.2.1 General.21
6.2.2 Limit states for floating structures .22
6.3 Design situations .22
6.3.1 General.22
6.3.2 ULS situations .22
6.3.3 SLS situations .22
6.3.4 FLS situations .23
6.3.5 ALS situations .23
6.3.6 Temporary phases .23
7 Actions and action effects.24
7.1 General .24
7.2 Permanent actions (G) .24
7.3 Variable actions (Q) .24
7.4 Environmental actions (E ) .25
e
7.4.1 General.25
7.4.2 Environmental site-specific data .25
7.4.3 Wind actions .26
7.4.4 Current actions .28
7.4.5 Wave actions .28
7.4.6 Vortex-induced vibrations and motions .31
7.4.7 Direct ice action .32
7.4.8 Temperature effects .32
7.4.9 Tidal effects .33
7.4.10 Geotechnical hazards .33
7.5 Accidental actions (A) .33
7.5.1 General.33
7.5.2 Collision .33
7.5.3 Dropped objects .34
7.5.4 Fire and blast.34
7.6 Other actions.34
7.6.1 Stationkeeping actions .34
7.6.2 Sloshing actions .34
7.7 Repetitive actions .35
7.8 Action combinations .35
8 Global analysis .35
8.1 General .35
8.2 Static and mean response analyses .35
8.2.1 General.35
8.2.2 Static equilibrium in still-water condition .36
8.2.3 Mean response analysis .36
8.3 Global dynamic behaviour .36
8.3.1 General.36
8.3.2 Analysis models .37
8.3.3 Mass .37
8.3.4 Damping .38
8.3.5 Stiffness .38
8.3.6 Action classification .38
8.3.7 Turret moored systems .38
8.4 Frequency domain analysis .38
8.5 Time domain analysis .39
8.6 Uncoupled analysis .39
8.7 Coupled analysis .39
8.8 Resonant excitation and response .39
8.9 Platform offset .40
8.10 Air gap and wave crest assessment .40
8.10.1 Air gap .40
8.10.2 Wave crest effects .40
8.11 Platform motions and accelerations.41
8.12 Model tests.41
8.13 Structural analysis .42
8.13.1 General.42
8.13.2 Short-term response analysis .42
8.13.3 Long-term response analysis .42
8.13.4 Design wave analysis .42
9 Structural modelling, analysis and design.42
9.1 General .42
9.2 Representative values of actions .43
9.2.1 General.43
9.2.2 Representative values of actions for operating phases .43
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
9.2.3 Representative values of actions for temporary phases .43
9.2.4 Actions at interfaces . . .44
9.3 Scantlings .44
9.4 Modelling .45
9.4.1 General.45
9.4.2 Global models .45
9.4.3 Local models .45
9.4.4 Response evaluation .46
9.4.5 Model verification .46
9.5 Structural analysis .47
9.5.1 General principles .47
9.5.2 Linear analysis .47
9.5.3 Non-linear analysis .48
9.5.4 Vibration analysis . .48
9.6 Structural strength .49
9.6.1 Representative strength values .49
9.6.2 Yield strength . . .49
9.6.3 Buckling strength .49
9.7 Design verification .49
9.7.1 General.49
9.7.2 SLS deflection limits .50
9.7.3 Partial factor design format .50
9.7.4 Working stress design format.52
9.7.5 Reliability-based methods .53
9.8 Special design issues .53
9.8.1 General.53
9.8.2 Slamming .54
9.8.3 Green water .54
9.8.4 Sloshing .54
9.8.5 Wave impact on deck.54
9.8.6 Local structure and components .54
9.9 Materials .55
9.9.1 General.55
9.9.2 Material selection .56
9.9.3 Through-thickness tension .56
9.9.4 Aluminium substructures .57
9.9.5 Cement grout .57
9.9.6 Elastomeric material .57
9.10 Corrosion protection of steel .57
9.10.1 General.57
9.10.2 Electrical bonding and isolation .58
9.11 Fabrication and construction .58
9.11.1 General.58
9.11.2 Inspection and testing during fabrication and construction .58
9.11.3 Fabrication details .59
9.11.4 Welding .59
9.12 Marine operations .59
9.13 Topsides/hull interface .59
10 Fatigue analysis and design .60
10.1 General .60
10.2 Fatigue damage factors .61
10.3 Outline of approach .62
10.4 Metocean data for fatigue .63
10.5 Structural modelling .63
10.6 Hydrostatic analyses .63
10.7 Response amplitude operators and combinations of actions .63
10.8 Stresses and SCFs .64
10.9 Stress range counting and distribution .64
10.10 Fatigue resistance .64
10.11 Damage accumulation .65
10.12 Fracture mechanics methods .65
10.13 Fatigue-sensitive components and connections .65
11 Ship-shaped structures .66
11.1 General .66
11.2 General design criteria .67
11.2.1 Collision protection .67
11.2.2 Deckhouse requirements.67
11.2.3 Sloshing .68
11.2.4 Green water .68
11.3 Structural strength .68
11.3.1 General.68
11.3.2 Scantlings .69
11.3.3 ULS-a and ULS-b longitudinal strength design verification .69
11.3.4 Local strength and details .71
11.3.5 Topsides structural support .72
11.3.6 Load monitoring .73
12 Semi-submersibles .73
12.1 General .73
12.2 General design criteria .73
12.2.1 General.73
12.2.2 Limitations .74
12.2.3 Damage tolerance.74
12.3 Structural strength .74
12.3.1 Critical connections .74
12.3.2 Structural detailing .74
13 Spars .74
13.1 General .74
13.2 General design requirements .75
13.2.1 Model testing .75
13.2.2 Static equilibrium position.75
13.2.3 Global action effects .75
13.2.4 Local action effects .76
13.3 Structural strength .76
13.3.1 Critical interfaces.76
13.3.2 Fatigue .76
13.3.3 Structural details .76
14 Shallow-draught cylindrical structures .76
14.1 General .76
14.2 General design criteria .77
14.2.1 Collision protection .77
14.2.2 Deckhouse requirements.77
14.2.3 Global response.77
14.2.4 Local action effects .77
14.2.5 Model testing .78
14.2.6 Temporary phases .78
14.2.7 In-service conditions .78
14.3 Structural strength .79
14.3.1 Global strength .79
14.3.2 Local strength .79
14.3.3 Capacity verification .79
14.3.4 Fatigue .79
14.4 Damage stability .80
15 Conversion and re-use .80
15.1 General .80
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
15.2 Minimum design, construction and maintenance standards .80
15.3 Pre-conversion structural survey .81
15.4 Effects of prior service.81
15.4.1 General.81
15.4.2 Ship-shaped structures .81
15.4.3 Semi-submersibles .82
15.4.4 Fatigue damage from prior service .82
15.4.5 Repair of defects, dents, pitting, grooving and cracks .82
15.5 Corrosion protection and material suitability .82
15.5.1 Corrosion protection .
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