ISO 105-X19:2020

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 105-X19
First edition
2020-08
Textiles — Tests for colour fastness —
Part X19:
Colour fastness to rubbing (Gakushin
test method)
Textiles — Essais de solidité des coloris —
Partie X19: Solidité des coloris au frottement (Méthode d'essai
Gakushin)
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
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ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principles . 1
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Test specimens. 3
7 Procedure. 3
7.1 Dry rubbing test . 3
7.2 Wet rubbing test . 4
8 Evaluation . 4
9 Test report . 4
Annex A (informative) Typical figure of rubbing meter with six rubbing fingers (Gakushin
test method) . 5
Annex B (informative) Precision data . 6
Bibliography .11
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Subcommittee SC 1, Tests for
coloured textiles and colorants.
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iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 105-X19:2020(E)
Textiles — Tests for colour fastness —
Part X19:
Colour fastness to rubbing (Gakushin test method)
1 Scope
This document specifies the test method for determining the resistance of the colour of textiles of all
kinds to rubbing off and staining other materials using convex specimen stage (Gakushin test method).
Two test methods are specified, one with a dry rubbing cloth and one with a wet rubbing cloth.
This document is applicable to textiles made from all kinds of fibres in the form of yarn or fabric,
including textile floor coverings and other pile fabrics, whether dyed or printed.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-A01, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A01: General principles of testing
ISO 105-A03, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A03: Grey scale for assessing staining
ISO 105-A04, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A04: Method for the instrumental assessment of
the degree of staining of adjacent fabrics
ISO 105-F09, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part F09: Specification for cotton rubbing cloth
ISO 139, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principles
The test specimen on the convex specimen stage is rubbed by the cotton rubbing cloth fastened to the
rubbing finger with a reciprocating motion. After the test is carried out, the cotton rubbing cloth is
assessed by comparing with the grey scale for assessing staining or instrumentally.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Rubbing meter
Suitable testing device for determining the colour fastness to rubbing (Gakushin test method) is shown
in Figure 1 and Annex A, consisting of convex specimen stage, rubbing finger, arm and a cycle counter
with automatic stop which are specified as follows.
5.1.1 Convex specimen stage, shall be (200 ± 1) mm radius of curvature (ρ ) and reciprocates
(120 ± 3) mm with 30 reciprocations per minute. The test specimen fastened by clamps on the convex
specimen stage is rubbed with the cotton rubbing cloth fastened to rubbing finger by moving to and fro
in a straight line along (100 ± 3) mm track.
5.1.2 Rubbing finger, shall be a rounded surface of (20 ± 0,5) mm squares with (45 ± 1) mm radius of
curvature (ρ ) capable of being fastened the cotton rubbing cloth (5.2).
5.1.3 Arm, one end is connected to the fulcrum shaft and the other end is connected to rubbing finger.
The rubbing finger shall exert a downward force of (2 ± 0,1) N and is capable of being moved along with
the convex specimen stage.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
l 20 ± 0,5 1 arm
l 20 ± 0,5 2 fulcrum shaft
l 110 ± 1 3 convex specimen stage
ρ 200 ± 1 4 test specimen
ρ 45 ± 1 5 cotton rubbing cloth
6 rubbing finger
Figure 1 — Typical diagram of rubbing meter (Gakushin test method)
5.2 Cotton rubbing cloth, in accordance with ISO 105-F09, is at least 50 mm squares.
5.3 Grey scale for assessing staining, in accordance with ISO 105-A03.
5.4 Spectrophotometer or colorimeter for assessing staining, in accordance with ISO 105-A04.
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

5.5 Soft-back water resistant abrasive paper, recommended grain size is P320 specified in
ISO 6344-1. Alternative grain size may be used by agreement between the interested parties. In this case,
it shall be reported in the test report.
5.6 Double-sided tape, with the thickness not more than 0,5 mm.
6 Test specimens
6.1 If the textile to be tested is a fabric or textile floor covering, two pieces not
...