IEC 62742 Ed. 1.0

SLOVENSKI SIST IEC 60469-1:2005
STANDARD
junij 2005
Impulzna tehnika in naprave – 1. del: Izrazi in definicije impulzov
Pulse techniques and apparatus – Part 1: Pulse terms and definitions
ICS 01.040.17; 17.080 Referenčna številka
SIST IEC 60469-1:2005(en)

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5.4 Waveforms produced by non-continuous time superposition of simpler waveforms 29

The formal decisions or agreements of the I E C on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on which all

the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an international

2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National Committees in that

In order to promote international unification, the I E C expresses the wish that all National Committees should adopt

the text of the I E C recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will permit. Any divergence

between the I E C recommendations and the corresponding national rules should, as far as possible, be clearly indicated

This standard has been prepared by Sub-Committee 66A: Generators, of I E C Technical Com-

The text of this standard which replaces the first edition is based upon the following documents:

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting

Publications Nos. 351 (1976): Expression of the Properties of Cathode-ray Oscilloscopes.

This standard provides fundamental definitions for general use in time domain pulse

technology. It defines terms for pulse phenomena and pulse characteristics which are prerequi-

Within its scope, the object of this standard is the definition of an internally consistent,

– in a measurement situation, regardless of the means of measurement or the means for

Throughout the following, a rectangular Cartesian co-ordinate system is assumed in which,

– is the independent variable taken along the horizontal axis, increasing in the positive

– magnitude (m) is the dependent variable taken along the vertical axis, increasing in the

a, b, c, etc. = real parameters which, unless otherwise specified, may have any value

A modification of the physical state of a medium which propagates in that medium as a

wave which departs from a first nominal state, attains a second nominal state and

A portion of a wave or pulse between a first nominal state and a second nominal state.

Throughout the remainder of this standard, "transition" is included in "pulse" and "wave".

A manifestation or representation (e.g. graph, plot, oscilloscope presentation, equation(s),

table of co-ordinates or statistical data) or a visualization of a wave, pulse or transition.

manifested by equations may extend in time from – co to + o0 or, like all waveform

extend from a first datum time t o, to a second datum time t l (see Figure 1, page 40).

The adjectives in this sub-clause may be used individually or in combination, or in combi-

nation with adjectives in Sub-clause 2.5, to modify any substantive term in this standard.

Having or pertaining to greater (lesser) importance, magnitude, time, extent, or the like, than

Of or pertaining to perfection in, or existing as a perfect exemplar of, a waveform or a

comparison with, or evaluation of, other times, magnitudes, waveforms, features or the like.

Of or pertaining to a series of specified waveforms or features which repeat or recur regularly

Of or pertaining to two or more repetitive waveforms whose constituent features have (lack)

Of or pertaining to two or more repetitive waveforms whose sequential constituent features

Of or pertaining to a region near to (remote from) a first state or region of origin.

Having or approaching the shape of a right-angled triangle (see Figure 2, page 41, wave-

The adjectives in this sub-clause may be used individually or in combination, or in combi-

nation with adjectives in Sub-clause 2.4, to modify any substantive term in this standard.

The ordinal integers (i.e. first, second, ..., nth, last) or the cardinal integers (i.e. 1, 2, ...,

n) may be used as adjectives to identify or distinguish between similar or identical features.

The assignment of integer modifiers should be sequential as a function of time within a

All definitions in this sub-clause are stated in terms of time (the independent variable) and

magnitude (the dependent variable). Unless otherwise specified, the following terms apply only

to waveform data within a waveform epoch. These adjectives may also be used to describe the

relation(s) between other specified variable pairs (e.g. time and power, time and voltage).

Pertaining to the absolute value of the algebraic difference between the positive peak

The summation or the integral extends over the interval of time for which the r.m.s.

magnitude is desired or, if the function is periodic, over any integral number of periodic

Pertaining to the mean of the values of the magnitude. If the magnitude takes on n discrete

The summation or the integral extends over the interval of time for which the average

magnitude is desired or, if the function is periodic, over any integral number of periodic

Pertaining to the mean of the absolute values of the magnitude. If the magnitude takes on

If the magnitude is a continuous function of time, m(t), its average absolute value is:

The summation or the integral extends over the interval of time for which the average

absolute magnitude is desired or, if the function is periodic, over any integral number of

Pertaining to the square root of the arithmetic sum of the squares of the values of the

magnitude. If the magnitude takes on n discrete values, m;, its root sum of squares value is:

If the magnitude is a continuous function of time, m(t), its root sum of squares value is:

The summation or the integral extends over the interval of time for which the root sum of

squares magnitude is desired or, if the function is periodic, over any integral number of periodic

Pertaining to a feature whose magnitude varies as a function of time in accordance with

accordance with a specified trigonometric function or by a specified relationship based on

The reference lines and points defined in this sub-clause and used throughout the remainder

of this standard are constructions which are (either actually or figuratively) superimposed on

for descriptive or analytical purposes. Unless otherwise specified, all defined lines

between knots t, m i and t2 m 2 , t 2 m2 and t3 m 3 , ..., t _o mo i _ 1) and t„ mn,

b) for all values of t less than tl and greater than to the function is linear (see Figure 3 and

Note. — The cubic natural spline yields a curve which, throughout, is continuous and has continuous first and second

derivatives. The resulting curve is the rigorous mathematical embodiment of what is conventionally called

a smooth curve drawn through a group of points (i.e. knots) and it consists of a sequence of curvilinear

For descriptive purposes, a pulse waveform may be imprecisely described by any of the

adjectives, or combinations thereof, in Sub-clauses 2.4.1.1, 2.4.4, 2.4.5 and 2.5.3.2 to 2.5.3.4,

inclusive. When so used, these adjectives describe general shape only and no precise distinc-

For tutorial purposes, a hypothetical pulse waveform may be precisely defined by the further

For measurement or comparison purposes, a pulse waveform may be precisely defined by

adjectives, or combinations thereof, in Sub-clauses 2.4.1.1, 2.4.4, 2.4.5.5 and 2.5.3. When so

used, these adjectives describe general shape only and no precise distinctions are defined.

For tutorial purposes, a hypothetical transition waveform may be precisely defined by the

The energy transferred or transformed by a pulse(s). Unless otherwise specified by a

mathematical adjective (from Sub-clause 2.5.2), the total energy over a specified interval is

The portion of a pulse waveform which represents the second nominal state of a pulse.

All magnitude characteristics, unless otherwise specified, are derived from data within the

The magnitude of the base as obtained by a specified procedure or algorithm. Unless

otherwise specified, both portions of the base are included in the procedure or algorithm (see

Figure 1, page 40, and I E C Publication 469-2, Sub-clause 4.3.1 for suitable algorithms).

The magnitude of the top as obtained by a specified procedure or algorithm (see Figure 1

The magnitude reference line at the base (top) magnitude (see Figure 1, page 40).

A magnitude reference line at a specified magnitude in the proximal (distal) region of a pulse

waveform. Unless otherwise specified, the proximal (distal) line is at the 10 (90) per cent

Unless otherwise specified, the mesial line is at the 50 per cent reference magnitude (see

A magnitude referenced point at the intersection of a waveform and a proximal (distal) line

A magnitude referenced point at the intersection of a waveform and a mesial line (see

waveform. Unless otherwise specified, the pulse start (stop) time is at the mesial point on the

The duration between the proximal point and the distal point on a transition waveform.

The transition duration of the first (last) transition waveform in a pulse waveform (see

The time reference line at the average of pulse start time and pulse stop time (see Figure 1).

A specified time referenced point or magnitude referenced point on a pulse waveform top. If

no point is specified, the top centre point is the time referenced point at the intersection of a

A continuous pulse waveform feature of specified extent which includes a region of

maximum curvature or a point of discontinuity in the waveform slope. Unless otherwise

specified, the extent of the corners in a rectangular or a trapezoidal pulse waveform are as

One of the four continuous and contiguous pulse waveform features of specified extent which

include a region of maximum curvature or a point of discontinuity in the waveform slope.

Unless otherwise specified, the extent of the quadrants in a rectangular or a trapezoidal pulse

A transition waveform which has a transition duration which is negligible relative to the

duration of the waveform epoch or to the duration of its adjacent first and second nominal

Two pulse waveforms of the same polarity which are adjacent in time and which are

Two pulse waveforms of opposite polarity which are adjacent in time and which are consid-

The algebraic difference between two specified magnitude reference lines. Unless otherwise

specified, these two magnitude reference lines are the waveform base line and the magnitude

origin line (see Figure 1, page 40), in which case the offset is the base magnitude (see

A waveform whose base line is offset from, unless otherwise specified, the magnitude origin

The interval between the pulse start time of a first pulse waveform and the pulse start time

The interval between the pulse stop time of a first pulse waveform and the pulse start time

Unless otherwise specified, the ratio of the pulse waveform duration to the pulse repetition

Unless otherwise specified, the ratio of the pulse waveform duration to the pulse separation

A periodic rectangular pulse train with a duty factor of 0.5 or an on/off ratio of 1.

The interval between the pulse stop time of the last pulse waveform in a pulse burst and the

pulse start time of the first pulse waveform in the immediately following pulse burst.

All burst envelopes extend in time from the first to the last knot specified, the remainder of

Burst envelopes and their adjacent waveform bases, taken together, comprise a continuous

waveform which has a continuous first derivative except at the first and last knots

Unless otherwise specified, the waveform defined by a cubic natural spline with knots at each