ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)

ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
Technical Specification


Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES);
Satellite Component of UMTS/IMT-2000;
Part 3: Spreading and modulation;
Sub-part 2: A-family (S-UMTS-A 25.213)

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2 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)



Reference
RTS/SES-00298-3-2
Keywords
MES, MSS, satellite, UMTS
ETSI
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ETSI

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3 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.5
Foreword.5
Introduction .5
1 Scope.7
2 References.7
2.1 Normative references.7
2.2 Informative references.8
3 Symbols and abbreviations.8
3.1 Symbols.8
3.2 Abbreviations.8
4 Uplink spreading and modulation .9
4.1 Overview.9
4.2 Spreading.9
4.2.1 Uplink Dedicated Physical Channels (uplink DPDCH/DPCCH) .9
4.2.2 PRACH.10
4.2.2.1 PRACH preamble part .10
4.2.2.2 PRACH message part.10
4.2.3 PCPCH.11
4.3 Code generation and allocation .11
4.3.1 Channelisation codes.11
4.3.1.1 Code definition.11
4.3.1.2 Code allocation for DPCCH/DPDCH .12
4.3.1.3 Code allocation for PRACH message part .12
4.3.1.4 Code allocation for PCPCH message part.12
4.3.1.5 Channelisation code for PCPCH power control preamble .12
4.3.2 Scrambling codes.13
4.3.2.1 General.13
4.3.2.2 Long scrambling sequence.13
4.3.2.3 Short scrambling sequence.14
4.3.2.4 DPCCH/DPDCH scrambling code.15
4.3.2.5 PRACH message part scrambling code.16
4.3.2.6 PCPCH message part scrambling code .16
4.3.2.7 PCPCH power control preamble scrambling code.16
4.3.3 PRACH preamble codes .16
4.3.3.1 Preamble code construction .16
4.3.3.2 Preamble scrambling code .16
4.3.3.3 Preamble signature.17
4.4 Modulation.17
4.4.1 Modulating chip rate.17
4.4.2 Modulation.17
5 Downlink spreading and modulation .18
5.1 Spreading.18
5.2 Code generation and allocation .19
5.2.1 Channelisation codes.19
5.2.2 Scrambling code.20
5.2.2.1 Long scrambling code.20
5.2.2.2 Short scrambling code.21
5.2.3 Synchronization codes.23
5.2.3.1 Code Generation.23
5.3 Modulation.23
5.3.1 Modulating rate.23
5.3.2 Modulation.23
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4 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
Annex A (informative): Generalized Hierarchical Golay Sequences.24
A.1 Alternative generation .24
Annex B (informative): Bibliography.25
History .26

ETSI

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5 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Satellite Earth Stations and
Systems (SES).
The present document is specifying the Satellite Radio Interface referenced as SRI Family A at ITU-R, in the frame of
ITU-R Recommendation M.1457 [8].
The present document is part 3, sub-part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering Satellite Earth Stations and Systems
(SES); Satellite Component of UMTS/IMT-2000; A-family, as identified below:
Part 1: "Physical channels and mapping of transport channels into physical channels";
Part 2: "Multiplexing and channel coding";
Part 3: "Spreading and modulation";
Sub-part 1: "G-family (S-UMTS-G 25.213)";
Sub-part 2: "A-family (S-UMTS-A 25.213)";
Part 4: "Physical layer procedures";
Part 5: "UE Radio Transmission and Reception";
Part 6: "Ground stations and space segment radio transmission and reception".
Introduction
S-UMTS stands for the Satellite component of the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System. S-UMTS systems will
complement the terrestrial UMTS (T-UMTS) and inter-work with other IMT-2000 family members through the UMTS
rd
core network. S-UMTS will be used to deliver 3 generation mobile satellite services (MSS) utilizing either low (LEO)
or medium (MEO) earth orbiting, or geostationary (GEO) satellite(s). S-UMTS systems are based on terrestrial 3GPP
specifications and will support access to GSM/UMTS core networks.
NOTE 1: The term T-UMTS will be used in the present document to further differentiate the Terrestrial UMTS
component.
Due to the differences between terrestrial and satellite channel characteristics, some modifications to the terrestrial
UMTS (T-UMTS) standards are necessary. Some specifications are directly applicable, whereas others are applicable
with modifications. Similarly, some T-UMTS specifications do not apply, whilst some S-UMTS specifications have no
corresponding T-UMTS specification.
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6 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
Since S-UMTS is derived from T-UMTS, the organization of the S-UMTS specifications closely follows the original
rd
3 Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) structure. The S-UMTS numbers have been designed to correspond to the
3GPP terrestrial UMTS numbering system. All S-UMTS specifications are allocated a unique S-UMTS number as
follows:
S-UMTS-n xx.yyy
Where :
• The numbers xx and yyy correspond to the 3GPP numbering scheme.
• n (n = A, B, C, …) denotes the family of S-UMTS specifications.
An S-UMTS system is defined by the combination of a family of S-UMTS specifications and 3GPP specifications, as
follows:
• If an S-UMTS specification exists it takes precedence over the corresponding 3GPP specification (if any). This
precedence rule applies to any references in the corresponding 3GPP specifications.
NOTE 2: Any references to 3GPP specifications within the S-UMTS specifications are not subject to this
precedence rule. For example, an S-UMTS specification may contain specific references to the
corresponding 3GPP specification.
• If an S-UMTS specification does not exist, the corresponding 3GPP specification may or may not apply. The exact
applicability of the complete list of 3GPP specifications shall be defined at a later stage.
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7 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
1 Scope
The present document defines the Layer 1 transport channels and physical channels used for family A of the satellite
component of UMTS (S-UMTS-A).
It is based on the FDD mode of UTRA defined by TS 125 211 [2], TS 125 212 [3], TS 125 213 [4], TS 125 214 [5] and
adapted for operation over satellite transponders.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
For online referenced documents, information sufficient to identify and locate the source shall be provided. Preferably,
the primary source of the referenced document should be cited, in order to ensure traceability. Furthermore, the
reference should, as far as possible, remain valid for the expected life of the document. The reference shall include the
method of access to the referenced document and the full network address, with the same punctuation and use of upper
case and lower case letters.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
[1] ETSI TS 101 851-1-2: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Satellite Component of
UMTS/IMT-2000; Part 1: Physical channels and mapping of transport channels into physical
channels; Sub-part 2: A-family (S-UMTS-A 25.211)".
[2] ETSI TS 125 211: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Physical channels
and mapping of transport channels onto physical channels (FDD) (3G TS 25.211 version 3.3.0
Release 1999)".
[3] ETSI TS 125 212: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Multiplexing and
channel coding (FDD) (3G TS 25.212 version 3.3.0 Release 1999)".
[4] ETSI TS 125 213: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Spreading and
modulation (FDD) (3G TS 25.213 version 3.3.0 Release 1999)".
[5] ETSI TS 125 214: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Physical layer
procedures (FDD) (3G TS 25.214 version 3.3.0 Release 1999)".
[6] ETSI TS 125 101: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UE Radio
transmission and Reception (FDD) (3G TS 25.101 version 3.3.0 Release 1999)".
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8 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
[7] ETSI TS 125 104: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRA (BS) FDD;
Radio transmission and Reception (3G TS 25.104 version 3.3.0 Release 1999)".
2.2 Informative references
[8] ITU-R Recommendation M.1457 (2006): "Detailed specifications of the radio interfaces of
International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000)".
3 Symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
C n:th channelisation code with spreading factor SF
ch,SF,n
C PRACH preamble code for n:th preamble scrambling code and signature s
pre,n,s
C PRACH signature code for signature s
sig,s
S n:th DPCCH/DPDCH uplink scrambling code
dpch,n
S n:th PRACH preamble scrambling code
r-pre,n
S n:th PRACH message scrambling code
r-msg,n
S DL scrambling code
dl,n
C PSC code
psc
C n:th SSC code
ssc,n
UW Unique Word
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AICH Acquisition Indicator Channel
CCPCH Common Control Physical Channel
CPICH Common Pilot Channel
DCH Dedicated Channel
DPCH Dedicated Physical Channel
DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel
DPDCH Dedicated Physical Data Channel
FDD Frequency Division Duplex
Mcps Mega Chip Per Second
OVSF Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (codes)
PDSCH Physical Dedicated Shared Channel
PICH Page Indication Channel
PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
PSC Primary Synchronization Code
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
SCH Synchronization Channel
SF Spreading Factor
SSC Secondary Synchronization Code
UE User Equipment
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9 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
4 Uplink spreading and modulation
4.1 Overview
Spreading is applied to the physical channels. It consists of two operations. The first is the channelisation operation,
which transforms every data symbol into a number of chips, thus increasing the bandwidth of the signal. The number of
chips per data symbol is called the Spreading Factor (SF). The second operation is the scrambling operation, where a
scrambling code is applied to the spread signal.
With the channelisation, data symbol on so-called I- and Q-branches are independently multiplied with an OVSF code.
With the scrambling operation, the resultant signals on the I and Q-branches are further multiplied by complex-valued
scrambling code, where I and Q denote real and imaginary parts, respectively.
4.2 Spreading
4.2.1 Uplink Dedicated Physical Channels (uplink DPDCH/DPCCH)
Figure 1 illustrates the principle of the uplink spreading of DPCCH and DPDCHs. The binary DPCCH and DPDCHs to
be spread are represented by real-valued sequences, i.e. the binary value "0" is mapped to the real value +1, while the
binary value "1" is mapped to the real value -1. The DPCCH is spread to the chip rate by the channelisation code C ,
ch,0
while the n:th DPDCH called DPDCH is spread to the chip rate by the channelisation code C . One DPCCH and up
n ch,n
to six parallel DPDCHs can be transmitted simultaneously, i.e. 0 ≤ n ≤ 6.
c β
d,1
d
DPDCH
1
c
β
d,3
d
DPDCH I
3
Σ
c
β
d,5 d
DPDCH
5
S
dpch,n
I+jQ
c
β
d,2 d
S
DPDCH
2
c β
d,4
d
DPDCH
4
Q
c β
d,6
d
Σ
DPDCH
6
j
c
β
c
c
DPCCH

Figure 1: Spreading/modulation for uplink DPCCH and DPDCHs
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10 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
After channelisation, the real-valued spread signals are weighted by gain factors, β for DPCCH and β for all
c d
DPDCHs.
At every instant in time, at least one of the values β and β has the amplitude 1,0. The β-values are quantized into 4 bit
c d
words. The quantization steps are given in table 1.
Table 1: The quantization of the gain parameters
Signalling values for Quantized amplitude ratios
β and β β and β
c d c d
15 1,0
14 14/15
13 13/15
12 12/15
11 11/15
10 10/15
9 9/15
8 8/15
7 7/15
6 6/15
5 5/15
4 4/15
3 3/15
2 2/15
1 1/15
0 Switch off

After the weighting, the stream of real-valued chips on the I and Q-branches are then summed and treated as a complex-
valued stream of chips. This complex-valued signal is then scrambled by the complex-valued scrambling code S .
dpch,n
The scrambling code is applied aligned with the radio frames, i.e. the first scrambling chip corresponds to the beginning
of a radio frame.
4.2.2 PRACH
4.2.2.1 PRACH preamble part
The PRACH preamble part consists of a complex-valued code, described in clause 4.3.3.
4.2.2.2 PRACH message part
Figure 2 illustrates the principle of the spreading and scrambling of the PRACH message part, consisting of data and
control parts. The binary control and data parts to be spread are represented by real-valued sequences, i.e. the binary
value "0" is mapped to the real value +1, while the binary value "1" is mapped to the real value -1. The control part is
spread to the chip rate by the channelisation code c , while the data part is spread to the chip rate by the channelisation
c
code c .
d
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11 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
c β
d
d
S
r-msg,n
PRACH message
I
data part
I+jQ
PRACH message
Q
S
control part
c j
β
c
c

Figure 2: Spreading of PRACH message part
After channelisation, the real-valued spread signals are weighted by gain factors, β for the control part and β for the
c d
data part. At every instant in time, at least one of the values β and β has the amplitude 1,0. The β-values are quantized
c d
into 4 bit words. The quantization steps are given in clause 4.2.1.
After the weighting, the stream of real-valued chips on the I and Q-branches are treated as a complex-valued stream of
chips. This complex-valued signal is then scrambled by the complex-valued scrambling code S . The 10 ms
r-msg,n
scrambling code is applied aligned with the 10 ms message part radio frames, i.e. the first scrambling chip corresponds
to the beginning of a message part radio frame.
4.2.3 PCPCH
This channel is not used in S-UMTS-A.
4.3 Code generation and allocation
4.3.1 Channelisation codes
4.3.1.1 Code definition
The channelisation codes of figure 1 are Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) codes that preserve the
orthogonality between a user's different physical channels. The OVSF codes can be defined using the code tree of
figure 3.
C =(1,1,1,1)
ch,4,0
C = (1,1)
ch,2,0
C = (1,1,-1,-1)
ch,4,1
C = (1)
ch,1,0
C = (1,-1,1,-1)
ch,4,2
C = (1,-1)
ch,2,1
C = (1,-1,-1,1)
ch,4,3
SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4

Figure 3: Code-tree for generation of Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) codes
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12 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
In figure 3, the channelisation codes are uniquely described as C , where SF is the spreading factor of the code and
ch,SF,k
k is the code number, 0≤k≤SF-1.
Each level in the code tree defines channelisation codes of length SF, corresponding to a spreading factor of SF in
figure 3.
The generation method for the channelisation code is defined as:
C = 1 (1)
ch,1,0
C
⎡ ⎤ C C
⎡ ⎤ ⎡1 1 ⎤
ch,2,0
ch,1,0 ch,1,0
= = (2)
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
C − C
C 1 −1
⎢ ch,2,1 ⎥ ch,1,0 ch,1,0 ⎣ ⎦
⎣ ⎦
⎣ ⎦
C C
⎡ n n ⎤
⎡ C ⎤
()n+1 ch,2 ,0 ch,2 ,0
ch,2 ,0
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
C n − C n
C
()n+1
⎢ ch,2 ,0 ch,2 ,0 ⎥
ch,2 ,1
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
C C
C n n
()n+1
ch,2 ,2 ch,2 ,1 ch,2 ,1
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
C ()n+1 C n − C n
⎢ ⎥ = (3)
ch,2 ,3 ch,2 ,1 ch,2 ,1
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
:
: :
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢C ⎥
()n+1 ()n+1 C C
n n n n
ch,2 ,2 −2
ch,2 ,2 −1 ch,2 ,2 −1
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
C ⎢ ⎥
()n+1 ()n+1 C − C
⎥ n n n n
⎢ ch,2 ,2 −1
ch,2 ,2 −1 ch,2 ,2 −1
⎣ ⎦
⎣ ⎦
The leftmost value in each channelisation code word corresponds to the chip transmitted first in time.
4.3.1.2 Code allocation for DPCCH/DPDCH
For the DPCCH and DPDCHs the following applies:
- The DPCCH is always spread by code c = C
c ch,256,0.
- When only one DPDCH is to be transmitted, DPDCH is spread by code c = C where SF is the
1 d,1 ch,SF,k
spreading factor of DPDCH and k = SF/4.
1
- When more than one DPDCH is to be transmitted, all DPDCHs have spreading factors equal to 4. DPDCH is
n
spread by the code c = C , where k = 1 if n ∈ {1, 2}, k = 3 if n ∈ {3, 4}, and k = 2 if n ∈ {5, 6}.
d,n ch,4,k
If a power control preamble is used to initialize a DCH, the channelisation code for the DPCCH during the power
control preamble shall be the same as that to be used afterwards.
4.3.1.3 Code allocation for PRACH message part
The preamble signature s, 0≤s≤15, points to one of the 16 nodes in the code-tree that corresponds to channelisation
codes of length 16. The sub-tree below the specified node is used for spreading of the message part. The control part is
spread with the channelisation code c (as shown in clause 4.2.2.2) of spreading factor 256 in the lowest branch of the
c
sub-tree, i.e. c = C where m = 16×s + 15. The data part uses any of the channelisation codes from spreading
c ch,256,m
factor 32 to 256 in the upper-most branch of the sub-tree. To be exact, the data part is spread by channelisation code
c = C and SF is the spreading factor used for the data part and m = SF×s/16.
d ch,SF,m
4.3.1.4 Code allocation for PCPCH message part
This channel (CPCH) is not used in S-UMTS-A.
4.3.1.5 Channelisation code for PCPCH power control preamble
This channel (CPCH) is not used in S-UMTS-A.
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13 ETSI TS 101 851-3-2 V2.1.1 (2008-01)
4.3.2 Scrambling codes
4.3.2.1 General
All uplink physical channels are subjected to scrambling with a complex-valued scrambling code. The DPCCH/DPDCH
may be scrambled by either long or short scrambling codes, defined in clause 4.3.2.4. The PRACH message part is
scrambled with a long scrambling code, defined in clause 4.3.2.5. Also the PCPCH message part is scrambled with a
long scrambling code, defined in clause 4.3.2.6.
24 24
There are 2 long and 2 short uplink scrambling codes. Uplink scrambling codes are assigned by higher layers.
The long scrambling code is built from constituent long sequences defined in clause 4.3.2.2, while the constituent short
sequences used to build the short scrambling code are defined in clause 4.3.2.3.
4.3.2.2 Long scrambling sequence
The long scrambling sequences c and c are constructed from position wise modulo 2 sum of 38 400 chip
long,1,n long,2,n
segments of two binary m-sequences generated by means of two generator polynomials of degree 25. Let x, and y be the
25 3
two m-sequences respectively. The x sequence is constructed using the primitive (over GF(2)) polynomial X + X + 1.
25 3 2
The y sequence is constructed using the polynomial X + X + X + X + 1. The resulting sequences thus constitute
segments of a set of Gold sequences.
The sequence c is a 16 777 232 chip shifted version of the sequence c .
long,2,n long,1,n
Let n … n be the 24 bit binary representation of the scrambling sequence number n with n being the least significant
23 0 0
bit. The x sequence depends on the chosen scrambling sequence number n and is denoted x , in the sequel. Furthermore,
n
let x (i) and y(i) denote the i:th symbol of the sequence x and y, respectively.
n n
The m-sequences x and y are constructed as:
n
Initial conditions:
- x (0) = n , x (1) = n , … = x (22) = n ,x (23) = n , x (24) = 1;
n 0 n 1 n 22 n 23 n
- y(0) = y(1) = … = y(23) = y(24) = 1.
Recursive definition of subsequent symbols:
25
- x (i + 25) = x (i + 3) + x (i) modulo 2, i = 0,…, 2 -27;
n n n
25
- y(i + 2
...