EN ISO 13407:1999

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2001
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Human-centred design processes for interactive systems (ISO 13407:1999)
Benutzer-orientierte Gestaltung interaktiver Systeme (ISO 13407:1999)
Processus de conception centrée sur l'opérateur humain pour les systemes interactifs
(ISO 13407:1999)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13407:1999
ICS:
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
35.020 Informacijska tehnika in Information technology (IT) in
tehnologija na splošno general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13407
First edition
1999-06-01
Human-centred design processes for
interactive systems
Processus de conception centrée sur l'opérateur humain pour les systèmes
interactifs
A
Reference number
ISO 13407:1999(E)
ISO 13407:1999(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope .1
2 Terms and definitions .1
3 Structure of this International Standard.2
4 Rationale for adopting a human-centred design process .2
5 Principles of human-centred design.3
5.1 General.3
5.2 The active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements.3
5.3 An appropriate allocation of function between users and technology.3
5.4 Iteration of design solutions.3
5.5 Multi-disciplinary design.4
6 Planning the human-centred design process.4
7 Human-centred design activities .5
7.1 General.5
7.2 Understand and specify the context of use .6
7.3 Specify the user and organizational requirements .7
7.4 Produce design solutions.8
7.5 Evaluate designs against requirements .9
8 Conformance.12
Annex A (informative) Guidance on other relevant standards .13
Annex B (informative) Example of a structure of a usability evaluation report .17
Annex C (informative) Sample procedure for demonstrating conformance to this International Standard.20
Bibliography.25
©  ISO 1999
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
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© ISO
ISO 13407:1999(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 13407 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee
SC 4, Ergonomics of human-system interaction.
Annexes A, B and C of this International Standard are for information only.
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© ISO
ISO 13407:1999(E)
Introduction
Human-centred design is an approach to interactive system development that focuses specifically on making
systems usable. It is a multi-disciplinary activity which incorporates human factors and ergonomics knowledge and
techniques. The application of human factors and ergonomics to interactive systems design enhances effectiveness
and efficiency, improves human working conditions, and counteracts possible adverse effects of use on human
health, safety and performance. Applying ergonomics to the design of systems involves taking account of human
capabilities, skills, limitations and needs.
Human-centred systems support users and motivate them to learn. The benefits can include increased productivity,
enhanced quality of work, reductions in support and training costs, and improved user satisfaction. Although there is
a substantial body of human factors and ergonomics knowledge about how such design processes can be
organized and used effectively, much of this information is only well-known by specialists in these fields. This
International Standard aims to help those responsible for managing hardware and software design processes to
identify and plan effective and timely human-centred design activities. It complements existing design approaches
and methods.
.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD  © ISO ISO 13407:1999(E)
Human-centred design processes for interactive systems
1 Scope
This International Standard provides guidance on human-centred design activities throughout the life cycle of
computer-based interactive systems. It is aimed at those managing design processes and provides guidance on
sources of information and standards relevant to the human-centred approach.
This International Standard is concerned with both hardware and software components of interactive systems.
NOTE Computer-based interactive systems vary in scale and complexity. Examples include off-the-shelf (shrink wrap)
software products, custom office systems, plant monitoring systems, automated banking systems and consumer products.
This International Standard addresses the planning and management of human-centred design. It does not address
all aspects of project management.
This International Standard provides an overview of human-centred design activities. It does not provide detailed
coverage of the methods and techniques required for human-centred design, nor does it address health and safety
aspects in detail.
The main users of this International Standard will be project managers. This International Standard therefore
addresses technical human factors and ergonomics issues only to the extent necessary to allow managers to
understand their relevance and importance in the design process as a whole. Such issues are dealt with more fully
in ISO 9241 (see bibliography) which is complementary to this International Standard and is aimed at system
developers, specifiers and purchasers of systems. Nonetheless, all parties involved in human-centred system
development, including the end-users of systems, should find the guidance in this International Standard relevant.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
interactive system
combination of hardware and software components that receive input from, and communicate output to, a human
user in order to support his or her performance of a task
NOTE The term “system” is often used rather than “interactive system”.
2.2
prototype
representation of all or part of a product or system that, although limited in some way, can be used for evaluation
2.3
usability
extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency
and satisfaction in a specified context of use
[ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.1]
© ISO
ISO 13407:1999(E)
2.4
effectiveness
accuracy and completeness with which users achieve specified goals
[ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.2]
2.5
efficiency
resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness with which users achieve goals
[ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.3]
2.6
satisfaction
freedom from discomfort, and positive attitudes to the use of the product
[ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.4]
2.7
context of use
users, tasks, equipment (hardware, software and materials), and the physical and social environments in which a
product is used
[ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.5]
2.8
user
individual interacting with the system
[ISO 9241-10:1996, definition 2.2]
3 Structure of this International Standard
Clause 4 outlines the reasons for adopting a human-centred design process. These can be used to provide a
rationale for the use of human-centred methods, or to determine priorities for resource allocation during a project.
Clause 5 gives guidance on the principles of human-centred design. Clause 6 lists the issues to be considered
when planning human-centred design activities and discusses how these should relate to system design goals.
Clause 7 is the core of this International Standard. It describes each of the four essential human-centred activities
which should take place during the design process. Clause 8 gives further guidance on reporting human-centred
activities.
4 Rationale for adopting a human-centred design process
All work systems should follow the ergonomic principles described in ISO 6385:1981. Making interactive systems
more human-centred has substantial economic and social benefits. In most countries, employers and system
providers have legal obligations to protect users from risks to their health and safety. Making systems more usable
means systems can contribute to these aims, meeting user and organizational needs better. They
a) are easier to understand and use, thus reducing training and support costs,
b) improve user satisfaction and reduce discomfort and stress,
c) improve the productivity of users and the operational efficiency of organizations, and
d) improve product quality, appeal to the users and can provide a competitive advantage.
The complete benefits of human-centred design can be determined by taking into account the total life-cycle costs
of the system including conception, design, implementation, support, use and maintenance.
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ISO 13407:1999(E)
5 Principles of human-centred design
5.1 General
There are many industry and proprietary standard methods for the design of computer-based interactive systems.
This International Standard does not assume any one standard design process, nor does it cover all the different
activities necessary to ensure effective system design. It is complementary to existing design methods and provides
a human-centred perspective that can be integrated into different forms of design process in a way that is
appropriate to the particular context. All the human-centred design activities identified in clause 7 are applicable, to
a greater or lesser extent, at any stage in the development of a system.
Whatever the design process and allocation of responsibilities and roles adopted, the incorporation of a human-
centred approach is characterized by the following:
a) the active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements;
b) an appropriate allocation of function between users and technology;
c) the iteration of design solutions;
d) multi-disciplinary design.
5.2 The active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements
The involvement of users in the development process provides a valuable source of knowledge about the context of
use, the tasks, and how users are likely to work with the future product or system. The effectiveness of user
involvement increases as the interaction between the developers and the users increases. The nature of user
involvement varies depending on the design activities which are being undertaken.
When custom-made products are being developed, the proposed users and the tasks performed can be directly
linked to the development process. The organization procuring the system has the opportunity to have a direct
influence on the design as it emerges, and solutions can be evaluated by those who are actually going to be
worki
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