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ASTM D6944-09

(Test Method)

Standard Practice for Resistance of Cured Coatings to Thermal Cycling

Standard Practice for Resistance of Cured Coatings to Thermal Cycling

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of this test is to obtain information on the ability of a coating system to adhere to substrates under thermal stress. It is assumed that the coating systems used are applied and cured according to the given specifications of the coating manufacturer.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice determines the resistance of cured coatings to repeated thermal cycles. This procedure is designed to assess the influence of thermal cycling on adhesion and other properties of coatings. This procedure is not intended to provide a quantitative measure of the service life that can be expected from a specific coating system on a given substrate.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2009
ICS
87.040 - Paints and varnishes
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.46 - Industrial Protective Coatings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6944-03 - Standard Test Method for Resistance of Cured Coatings to Thermal Cycling
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009
Replaced By
ASTM D6944-09e1 - Standard Practice for Resistance of Cured Coatings to Thermal Cycling
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009
Referred By
ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009
Referred By
ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009

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REDLINE ASTM D6944-09 - Standard Practice for Resistance of Cured Coatings to Thermal Cycling
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6944 − 09
StandardPractice for
1
Resistance of Cured Coatings to Thermal Cycling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6944; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 Thispracticedeterminestheresistanceofcuredcoatings 4.1 The purpose of this test is to obtain information on the
torepeatedthermalcycles.Thisprocedureisdesignedtoassess ability of a coating system to adhere to substrates under
the influence of thermal cycling on adhesion and other prop-
thermal stress. It is assumed that the coating systems used are
erties of coatings. This procedure is not intended to provide a applied and cured according to the given specifications of the
quantitative measure of the service life that can be expected
coating manufacturer.
from a specific coating system on a given substrate.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
TEST METHOD A—FREEZE/THAW/IMMERSION
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Thermal Cycling Apparatus:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1.1 The thermal cycling apparatus shall consist of a
suitable chamber or chambers in which the test specimens may
2. Referenced Documents
undergo the specified cycle. Ideally, a chamber which contains
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
heatingandrefrigerationequipmentandimmersioncapabilities
D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of
in the same unit should be used. This chamber shall have the
Exterior Paints
ability to maintain continuous reproducible cycles within the
D661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of
specified temperature requirements. In the event that an appa-
Exterior Paints
ratus having freezing, heating, and immersion capabilities is
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
not available, separate equipment for freezing, heating and
Paints
immersion may be used.
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
5.1.2 The chamber or chambers shall have the ability to
D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
maintain a constant temperature during each of the respective
Portable Adhesion Testers
temperature intervals as specified by the procedure.
D6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife
5.1.3 The samples shall be arranged to minimize contact
G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetal-
with the chamber surfaces or any mounting racks, and to
lic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
maximize air flow.
5.1.4 The temperature of the thermal cycling apparatus shall
3. Summary of Test Methods
give uniform readings at various locations within the chamber,
3.1 Test Method A—Cured test specimens are subjected to
within3°C(5°F)atanygiventime,exceptduringthetransition
30 thermal cycles of immersion, freezing and heating.
between heating and freezing cycles. A two hour temperature
3.2 Test Method B—Cured test specimens are subjected to
rampingperiodispermittedfortheequipmenttoreachthenext
30 thermal cycles of freezing and heating.
temperature setting.
6. Test Specimens
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
6.1 Apply each coating onto the substrate as agreed upon.
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.
Minimum film thicknesses should take substrate profile into
Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approved
account when applied.
in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6944 - 03. DOI: 10.1520/
D6944-09.
6.2 Apply each coating or coating system to a minimum of
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
two specimens to determine repeatability. If the substrate of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
choice is concrete, then suitable encapsulation of the substrate
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. must occur as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6944 − 09
6.2.1 When destructive tests are run, it is recommended that
a sufficient number of reference specimens be retained so that
1

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6944–03
Standard Test Method for Designation:D6944–09
Standard Practice for
1
Resistance of Cured Coatings to Thermal Cycling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6944; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test methodpractice determines the resistance of cured coatings to repeated thermal cycles. This procedure is designed
to assess the influence of thermal cycling on adhesion and other properties of coatings. This procedure is not intended to provide
a quantitative measure of the service life that can be expected from a specific coating system on a given substrate.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior Paints
D 661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of Exterior Paints
D 714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
D 4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers
D 6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife
G 147 Practice offor Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
3. Summary of Test Methods
3.1 Test Method A—Cured test specimens are subjected to 30 thermal cycles of immersion, freezing and heating.
3.2 Test Method B—Cured test specimens are subjected to 30 thermal cycles of freezing and heating.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The purpose of this test is to obtain information on the ability of a coating system to adhere to substrates under thermal
stress. It is assumed that the coating systems used are applied and cured according to the given specifications of the coating
manufacturer.
TEST METHOD A—FREEZE/THAW/IMMERSION
5. Apparatus
5.1 Thermal Cycling Apparatus:
5.1.1 The thermal cycling apparatus shall consist of a suitable chamber or chambers in which the test specimens may undergo
the specified cycle. Ideally, a chamber which contains heating and refrigeration equipment and immersion capabilities in the same
unit should be used. This chamber shall have the ability to maintain continuous reproducible cycles within the specified
temperature requirements. In the event that an apparatus having freezing, heating, and immersion capabilities is not available,
separate equipment for freezing, heating and immersion may be used.
1
This test method practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published August 2003.
Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 6944 - 03.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
, Vol 06.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6944–09
5.1.2 The chamber or chambers shall have the ability to maintain a constant temperature during each of the respective
temperature intervals as specified by the procedure.
5.1.3 The samples shall be arranged to minimize contact with the chamber surfaces or any mounting racks, and to maximize
air flow.
5.1.4 The temperature of the thermal cycling apparatus shall give uniform readings at various locations within the chamber,
within 3°C (5°F) at any given time, except during the transition between heating and freezing cycles. A two hour temperature
ramping period is permitted for the equipment to reach the next temperature setting.
6. Test Specimens
6.1 Apply each coating onto the substrate as agreed upon. Minimum film thicknesses should take substrate profile into account
when
...

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