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ASTM D6461-99

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Silt Fence Materials

Standard Specification for Silt Fence Materials

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for geotextile fabrics and associated components used in temporary silt fence applications. This is a material purchasing specification based on AASHTO M288.
1.2 This specification is applicable to the use of a geotextile as a vertical permeable interceptor designed to remove suspended soil from overland, nonconcentrated water flow. The function of a temporary silt fence is to trap and allow settlement of soil particles from sediment laden water. The purpose is to greatly limit the transport of eroded soil from the a construction site by water runoff.
1.3 The tests used to characterize the silt fence are intended to ensure good workmanship and quality and are not necessarily adequate for design purposes in view of the wide variety of possible sediments and performance objectives.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in inch-pound units are provided for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-1999
ICS
59.080.70 - Geotextiles
Technical Committee
D18 - Soil and Rock
Drafting Committee
D18.25 - Erosion and Sediment Control Technology
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D6461-99(2007)e1 - Standard Specification for Silt Fence Materials
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007

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ASTM D6461-99 - Standard Specification for Silt Fence MaterialsASTM D6461-99 - Standard Specification for Silt Fence Materials
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ASTM D6461-99 - Standard Specification for Silt Fence Materials
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Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 6461 – 99
Standard Specification for
Silt Fence Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6461; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 4873 Guide for Identification, Storage and Handling of
Geotextiles
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods
D 5141 Test Method to Determine Filtering Efficiency and
for geotextile fabrics and associated components used in
Flow Rate for Silt Fence Applications Using Site Specific
temporary silt fence applications. This is a material purchasing
Soils
specification based on AASHTO M288.
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
1.2 This specification is applicable to the use of a geotextile
M288-96 Standard Specification for Geotextile Specifica-
as a vertical permeable interceptor designed to remove sus-
tion for Highway Applications
pended soil from overland, nonconcentrated water flow. The
function of a temporary silt fence is to trap and allow
3. Materials and Manufacture
settlement of soil particles from sediment laden water. The
3.1 Fibers used in the manufacture of geotextiles for silt
purpose is to greatly limit the transport of eroded soil from the
fence, and the threads used in joining geotextiles by sewing,
a construction site by water runoff.
shall consist of long-chain synthetic polymers composed of at
1.3 The tests used to characterize the silt fence are intended
least 95 % by weight of polyolefins or polyester. They shall be
to ensure good workmanship and quality and are not necessar-
formed into a stable network such that the filaments or yarns
ily adequate for design purposes in view of the wide variety of
retain their dimensional stability relative to each other, includ-
possible sediments and performance objectives.
ing selvages.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2 Geotextiles and related materials used for temporary silt
standard. The values in inch-pound units are provided for
fence shall conform with the physical requirements of Sections
information only.
7 and 8.
2. Referenced Documents 3.3 All property values, with the exception of apparent
opening size (AOS), in this specification represent minimum
2.1 ASTM Standards:
average roll values (MARV) in the weakest principle direction
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
2 (that is, average test results of any roll in a lot sampled for
D 276 Test Method for Identification of Fibers in Textiles
conformance or quality assurance testing shall meet or exceed
D 4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
theminimumvalueprovidedherein).ValuesforAOSrepresent
D 4355 Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles from
maximum average roll values.
Exposure to Ultraviolet Light and Water (Xenon-Arc Type
Apparatus)
4. Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance
D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
4.1 Silt fence shall be subject to sampling and testing to
D 4491 Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles
3 verify conformance with this specification. Sampling for test-
by Permittivity
ing shall be in accordance with Practice D 4354. Acceptance
D 4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elonga-
3 shall be based on testing of either conformance samples
tion of Geotextiles
obtained using Procedure A of Practice D 4354, or based on
D 4751 Test Method for Determining Apparent Opening
3 manufacturer’s certifications and testing of quality assurance
Size of a Geotextile
samples obtained using Procedure B of Practice D 4354. A lot
D 4759 Practice for Determining the Specification Con-
3 size for conformance or quality assurance sampling shall be
formance of Geosynthetics
considered to be the shipment quantity of the given product or
a truckload of the given product, whichever is smaller.
1 4.2 Testing shall be performed in accordance with the test
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil
methods referenced in this specification for the indicated
and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion and
Sediment Control Technology.
Current edition approved Oct, 10, 1999. Published January 2000.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13. (AASHTO), 440 N. Capital Street NW, Washington, DC 2001.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6461–99
TABLE 1 Temporary Silt Fence Material Property Requirements
A A
Supported Unsupported
Test Methods Units Silt Fence Silt Fence Type of Value
Grab Strength ASTM D 4632 N (lbs)
Machine Direction 400 550 MARV
(90) (90)
X-Machine Direction 400 450 MARV
(90) (90)
B
Permittivity ASTM D 4491 sec-1 0.05 0.05 MARV
B C
Apparent Opening Size ASTM D 4751 mm 0.60 0.60 Max. ARV
(US Sieve #) (30) (30)
Ultraviolet Stability ASTM D 4355 % 70 % after 70 % after Typical
Retained 500hof 500hof
Strength exposure exposure
A
Silt fence support shall consist of 14 gage steel wire with a mesh spacing of 150 mm (6 in.) or prefabricated polymer mesh of equivalent strength.
B
These default values are based on empirical evidence with a variety of sediments. For environmentally sensitive areas, a review of previous experience and/or site or
regionally specific geotextile tests in accordance with Test Method D 5141 should be performed by the agency to confirm suitability of these requirements.
C
As measure
...

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4.1 Proper installation is critical to effective performance of silt fence. This practice presents procedures for installing and maintaining silt fence that have been shown to result in silt fence installations that effectively redirect and impound surface runoff and, thereby, provide effective sediment control.
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1.1 This practice covers common installation and maintenance procedures for temporary silt fence applications. This practice is based on AASHTO M288.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The increased use of geomembranes as barrier materials to restrict liquid or gas movement, and the common use of dual-track seams in joining these sheets, has created a need for a standard nondestructive test by which the quality of the seams can be assessed for continuity and watertightness. The test is not intended to provide any indication of the physical strength of the seam.  
5.2 This practice recommends an air pressure test within the channel created between dual-seamed tracks whereby the presence of unbonded sections or channels, voids, nonhomogenities, discontinuities, foreign objects, and the like, in the seamed region can be identified.  
5.3 This technique is intended for use on seams between geomembrane sheets formulated from the appropriate polymers and compounding ingredients to form a plastic or elastomer sheet material that meets all specified requirements for the end use of the product.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a nondestructive evaluation of the continuity of parallel geomembrane seams separated by an unwelded air channel. The unwelded air channel between the two distinct seamed regions is sealed and inflated with air to a predetermined pressure. Long lengths of seam can be evaluated by this practice more quickly than by other common nondestructive tests.  
1.2 This practice should not be used as a substitute for destructive testing. Used in conjunction with destructive testing, this method can provide additional information regarding the seams undergoing testing.  
1.3 This practice supercedes Practice D4437/D4437M for geomembrane seams that include an air channel. Practice D4437/D4437M may continue to be used for other types of seams. The user is referred to the referenced standards or to EPA/530/SW-91/051 for additional information regarding geomembrane seaming techniques and construction quality assurance.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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