ASTM A252-98(2007)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A252 – 98 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Specification for
Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A252; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.1 This specification covers nominal (average) wall steel
pipe piles of cylindrical shape and applies to pipe piles in
3. Terminology
which the steel cylinder acts as a permanent load-carrying
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms used in this specifica-
member, or as a shell to form cast-in-place concrete piles.
tion shall be in accordance with Terminology A941.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.1 defect—an imperfection of sufficient size or magni-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
tude to be cause for rejection.
conversions of the values in inch-pound units to values in SI
3.1.2 imperfection—any discontinuity or irregularity found
units.
in the pipe.
1.3 The text of this specification contains notes and foot-
notes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and foot-
4. Ordering Information
notes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any
4.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallcontain
mandatory requirements.
information concerning as many of the following items as are
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
required to describe the desired material adequately:
test method portion, Section 16 of this specification. This
4.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of lengths),
standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,
4.1.2 Name of material (steel pipe piles),
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
4.1.3 Method of manufacture (seamless or welded),
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
4.1.4 Grade (Tables 1 and 2),
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),
tions prior to use.
4.1.6 Lengths (single random, double random, or uniform)
2. Referenced Documents (see Section 13),
2 4.1.7 End finish (Section 15), and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.8 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
4.1.9 Location of purchaser’s inspection (see 19.1), and
of Steel Products
4.1.10 Bar coding (see 22.2).
A751 TestMethods,Practices,andTerminologyforChemi-
cal Analysis of Steel Products
5. Materials and Manufacture
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
5.1 The piles shall be made by the seamless, electric
lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
resistance welded, flash welded, or fusion welded process.The
seams of welded pipe piles shall be longitudinal, helical-butt,
or helical-lap.
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
NOTE 1—For welded pipe piles, the weld should not fail when the
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
product is properly fabricated and installed and subjected to its intended
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
approvedin1944.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2002asA252–98(2002).DOI: end use.
10.1520/A0252-98R07.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6. Process
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Thesteelshallbemadebyoneormoreofthefollowing
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A252 – 98 (2007)
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
NOTE—Where an ellipsis (.) appears in this table, there is no requirement.
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 50 000 (345) 60 000 (415) 66 000 (455)
Yield point or yield strength, min, psi (MPa) 30 000 (205) 35 000 (240) 45 000 (310)
Basic minimum elongation for nominal wall thicknesses ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) or more:
Elongation in 8 in. (203.2 mm), min, % 18 14 . . .
Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, % 30 25 20
A A A
For nominal wall thicknesses less than ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm), the deduction from 1.50 1.25 1.0
the basic minimum elongation in 2 in. (50.08 mm) for each ⁄32 - in. (0.8 mm)
decrease in nominal wall thickness below ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm), in percentage points
A
Table 2 gives the computed minimum values:
A
TABLE 2 Calculated Minimum Elongation Values
Nominal Wall Thickness Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, %
in. mm Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
⁄16 or 0.312 7.9 30.00 25.00 20.00
⁄32 or 0.281 7.1 28.50 23.75 19.00
⁄4 or 0.250 6.4 27.00 22.50 18.00
⁄32 or 0.219 5.6 25.50 21.25 17.00
⁄16 or 0.188 4.8 24.00 20.00 16.00
⁄64 or 0.172 4.4 23.25 19.50 15.50
⁄32 or 0.156 4.0 22.50 18.75 15.00
⁄64 or 0.141 3.6 21.75 18.25 14.50
⁄8 or 0.125 3.2 21.00 17.50 14.00
⁄64 or 0.109 2.8 20.25 16.75 13.50
A
The above table gives the calculated minimum elongation values for various nominal wall thicknesses. Where the specified nominal wall thickness is intermediate to
those shown above, the minimum elongation value shall be determined as follows:
Grade
1 E =48t + 15.00
2 E =40t + 12.50
3 E =32t + 10.00
where:
E = elongation in 2 in., %, and
t = specified nominal wall thickness, in.
7. Chemical Composition the lot shall be rejected or analyses of four additional samples
selected from the lot shall be made, and each shall conform to
7.1 The steel shall contain no more than 0.050% phospho-
the specified requirement. If the chemical composition of only
rous.
one of the samples representing a lot fails to conform to the
specified requirement, the lot shall be rejected or analyses of
8. Heat Analysis
twoadditionalsamplesselectedfromthelotshallbemade,and
8.1 Each heat analysis shall conform to the requirement
each shall conform to the specified requirement.
specified in 7.1. When requested by the purchaser, the appli-
cable heat analyses shall be reported to the purchaser ro the
10. Tensile Requirements Tensile Requirements
purchaser’s representative.
10.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
9. Product Analysis
tensile properties prescribed in Tables 1 and 2.
10.2 The yield point shall be determined by the drop of the
9.1 Chemical analysis shall be in accordance with Test
beam,bythehaltinthegageofthetestingmachine,bytheuse
Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
of dividers, or by other approved methods. When a definite
9.2 Itshallbepermissibleforthepurchasertomakeproduct
yieldpointisnotexhibited,theyieldstrengthcorrespondingto
analyses using samples from lots of pipe piles as follows:
apermanentoffsetof0.2%ofthegagelengthofthespecimen,
Pipe Size Outside Number of Samples and Size of Lot
Diameter, in. (mm) or to a total extension of 0.5% of the gage length under load
Under 14 (355.6) 2 from 200 pipe or fraction thereof
shall be determined.
14 to 36, incl (355.6 2 from 100 pipe or fraction thereof
to 914)
Over 36 (914) 2 from 3000 ft (914 m) or fraction thereof
11. Weights Per Unit Length
11.1 The weights per unit length for various sizes of pipe
The product analyses shall conform to the requirement in
7.1. piles are listed in Table 3.
9.3 If the chemical compositions of both of the samples 11.2 For pipe pile sizes not listed in Table 3, the weight per
representing a lot fail to conform to the specified requirement, unit length shall be calculated as follows:
A252 – 98 (2007)
NOTE 2—The minimum permissible wall thickness on inspection is
W510.69~D 2 t!t (1)
showninTableX1.1(seeAppendix)forvariousnominalwallthicknesses.
where:
13. Lengths
W = weight per unit length, lb/ft,
13.1 Pipe piles shall be furnished in single random lengths,
D = specified outside diameter, in., and
double random lengths, or in uniform lengths as specified in
t = specified nominal wall thickness, in.
the purchase order, in accordance with the following limits:
Single random lengths 16 to 25 ft (4.88 to 7.62 mm), incl
12. Permissible Variations in Weights and Dimensions
Double random lengths over 25 ft (7.62 m) with a minimum average
12.1 Weight—Each length of pipe pile shall be weighed
of 35 ft (10.67 m)
Uniform lengths length as specified with a permissible varia-
separatelyanditsweightshallnotvarymorethan15%overor
tion of 61in.
5%underitstheoreticalweight,calculatedusingitslengthand
its weight per unit length (see Section 11). 13.2 Lengths that have been spliced at the mill by welding
12.2 Outside Diameter—The outside diameter of pipe piles shall be acceptable as the equivalent of unspliced lengths
shall not vary more than 61% from the specified outside provided tension test specimens cut from sample splices
diameter. conform to the tensile strength requirements prescribed in
12.3 Wall Thickness—The wall thickness at any point shall Tables1and2.Theweldingbeadshallnotberemovedforthis
not be more than 12.5% under the specified nominal wall test. Such specimens shall be made in accordance with the
thickness. provisions specified in Sections 16-18.
A
TABLE 3 Common Sizes and Weights Per Unit Length
B
Outside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness, Weight per Unit Lengths, Outside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness, Weight per Unit Lengths,
B C B C
in. lb/ft in. lb/ft
6 0.134 8.40 12 0.134 17.00
0.141 8.83 0.141 17.87
0.156 9.75 0.150 19.00
0.164 10.23 0.164 20.75
0.172 10.72 0.172 21.75
0.179 22.62
8 0.141 11.85 0.188 23.74
0.172 14.39 0.203 25.60
0.219 27.58
8 ⁄8 0.109 9.92 0.230 28.94
0.141 12.79 0.250 31.40
0.172 15.54 0.281 35.20
0.188 16.96 0.312 38.98
0.203 18.28
0.219 19.68 12 ⁄4 0.109 14.73
0.250 22.38 0.134 18.07
0.277 24.72 0.141 19.01
0.312 27.73 0.150 20.20
0.322 28.58 0.164 22.07
0.344 30.45 0.172 23.13
0.375 33.07 0.179 24.05
0.438 38.33 0.188 25.25
0.500 43.43 0.203 27.23
0.219 29.34
10 0.109 11.53 0.230 30.78
0.120 12.67 0.250 33.41
0.134 14.13 0.281 37.46
0.141 14.86 0.312 41.48
0.150 15.79 0.330 43.81
0.164 17.24 0.344 45.62
0.172 18.07 0.375 49.61
0.179 18.79 0.438 57.65
0.188 19.72 0.500 65.48
0.203 21.26
0.219 22.90 14 0.134 19.86
0.230 24.02 0.141 20.89
0.250 26.06 0.150 22.21
0.164 24.26
10 ⁄4 0.109 12.40 0.172 25.43
0.120 13.64 0.179 26.45
0.134 15.21 0.188 27.76
0.141 15.99 0.203 29.94
0.150 17.00 0.219 32.26
0.164 18.56 0.230 33.86
0.172 19.45 0.250 36.75
0.179 20.23 0.281 41.21
0.188 21.23 0.312 45.65
A252 – 98 (2007)
TABLE 3 Continued
B
Outside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness, Weight per Unit Lengths, Outside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness, Weight per Unit Lengths,
B C B C
in. lb/ft in. lb/ft
0.203 22.89 0.344 50.22
0.219 24.65 0.375 54.62
0.230 25.87 0.438 63.50
0.250 28.06 0.469 67.84
0.279 31.23 0.500 72.16
0.307 34.27
0.344 38.27 16 0.134 22.73
0.141 23.90
0.150 25.42
0.164 27.76
16 0.172 29.10 20 0.188 31.78
0.179 30.27 0.219 46.31
0.250 52.78
0.188 30.61 0.281 59.23
0.203 34.28 0.312 65.66
0.219 36.95 0.344 72.28
0.230 38.77 0.375 78.67
0.250 42.09 0.438 91.59
0.281 47.22 0.469 97.92
0.312 52.32 0.500 104.23
0.344 57.57
0.375 62.64 22 0.172 40.13
0.438 72.86 0.188 43.84
0.469 77.87 0.219 50.99
0.500 82.85 0.250 58.13
0.281 65.24
18 0.141 26.92 0.312 72.34
0.172 32.78 0.375 86.69
0.188 35.80 0.438 100.96
0.219 41.63 0.469 107.95
0.230 43.69 0.500 114.92
0.250 47.44
0.281 53.23 24 0.172 43.81
0.312 58.99 0.188 47.86
0.344 64.93 0.219 55.67
0.375 70.65 0.250 63.47
0.438 82.23 0.281 71.25
0.469 87.89 0.312 79.01
0.500 93.54 0.375 94.71
0.438 110.32
20 0.141 29.93 0.469 117.98
0.172 36.46 0.500 125.62
A
Subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, sizes and weights per unit length other than those listed shall be permitted.
B
1 in. = 25.4 mm
C
1 lb/ft = 1.49 kg/m.
14. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance angleof30+5,−0°,measuredfromalinedrawnperpendicular
to the axis of the pipe pile.
14.1 Thefinishedpipepilesshallbereasonablystraightand
shall not contain imperfections in such number or of such
16. Number of Tests
character as to render the pipe unsuitable for pipe piles.
14.2 Surface imperfections having a depth not in excess of
16.1 One tension test shall be made on one length or
25% of the specified nominal wall thickness shall be accept-
fractionthereofofeachsize,oronepieceofskelprepresenting
able. It shall be permissible to establish the depth of such
each lot of 200 lengths or fraction thereof of each size.
imperfections by grinding or filing.
16.2 A retest shall be allowed if the percentage of elonga-
14.3 Surfaceimperfectionshavingadepthinexcessof25%
tion of any test tension specimen is less than that prescribed in
of the specified nominal wall thickness shall be considered to
Tables 1 and 2 and any part of the fracture is more than ⁄4 in.
be defects. It shall be permissible for defects not deeper than
(19 mm) from the center of the gage length for test specimens
33 ⁄3 % of the specified nominal wall thickness to be repaired
havinga2–in.(50mm)gagelength,orisoutsideofthemiddle
by welding, provided that the defect is completely removed
thirdofthegagelengthfortestspecimenshavingan8–in.(200
prior to welding.
mm) gage length, as indicated by scribe scratches marked on
the specimen before testing. A retest shall also be allowed if
15. Ends
any part of the fracture is in an inside or outside surface
imperfection.
15.1 Pipe piles shall be furnished with plain ends. Unless
otherwise specified, pipe piles shall have either flame–cut or 16.3 Itshallbepermissibletodiscardanytestspecimenthat
machine–cut ends, with the burrs at the ends removed. Where shows defective machining or develops imperfections and
ends are specified to be beveled, they shall be beveled to an substitute another test specimen.
A252 – 98 (2007)
17. Retests shall be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the
operation of the works.
17.1 Iftheresultsofthetensiontestrepresentinganylotfail
to conform to the applicable requirements prescribed inTables
20. Rejection
1 and 2, the lot shall be rejected or retested using two
20.1 It shall be permissible for the purchaser inspect the
additional lengths from the lot, with each such test being
pipe piles received from the manufactur
...