Standard Test Method for Measuring Softball Bat Performance Factor

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method offers a laboratory means to compare the performance of a softball bat.
Use of this test method can provide sports governing bodies a means to compare calculated BBS and other physical properties of bats.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a method for determining bat performance by measuring the bat-ball coefficient of restitution (BBCOR), deriving the bat performance factor (BPF) and calculating a batted ball speed (BBS). It is applicable to softball bats of any construction or material. The method provides a quantitative measure of bat dynamic performance that may be used for comparison purposes.
1.2 The BBCOR, BPF, and BBS are each calculated from measurements taken in the laboratory on test equipment meeting the requirements defined in this specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

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Publication Date
31-May-2009
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:F1890–09
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Softball Bat Performance Factor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 balance point, n—distance to the center of mass of a
bat when measured from the distal end of the bat knob.
1.1 This test method covers a method for determining bat
3.1.2 bat-ball coeffıcient of restitution (BBCOR), n—COR
performance by measuring the bat-ball coefficient of restitution
of a specific ball colliding with a bat as defined in this test
(BBCOR), deriving the bat performance factor (BPF) and
method. See coeffıcient of restitution (COR).
calculating a batted ball speed (BBS). It is applicable to
3.1.3 bat performance factor (BPF), n—ratio of BBCOR to
softball bats of any construction or material. The method
ball COR as defined in this test method.
provides a quantitative measure of bat dynamic performance
3.1.4 center of percussion (COP), n—also known as the
that may be used for comparison purposes.
center of oscillation, the length of a simple pendulum with the
1.2 The BBCOR, BPF, and BBS are each calculated from
same period as a physical pendulum, as in a bat oscillating on
measurements taken in the laboratory on test equipment
a pivot. Forces and impacts at this location will not induce
meeting the requirements defined in this specification.
axial reactions at the pivot point.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.5 coeffıcient of restitution (COR), n—measure of impact
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
efficiency calculated as the relative speed of the objects after
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
impact divided by the relative speed of the objects before
and are not considered standard.
impact.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.6 moment of inertia (MOI), n—measure of mass distri-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
bution relative to an axis of rotation. It is the product of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mass multiplied by the square of the distance to the mass,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
summed over the entire bat.
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
2
4.1 This test method offers a laboratory means to compare
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the performance of a softball bat.
F1887 Test Method for Measuring the Coefficient of Resti-
4.2 Use of this test method can provide sports governing
tution (COR) of Baseballs and Softballs
bodies a means to compare calculated BBS and other physical
F1888 Test Method for Compression-Displacement of
properties of bats.
Baseballs and Softballs
F2398 Test Method for Measuring Moment of Inertia and
5. Apparatus
Center of Percussion of a Baseball or Softball Bat
5.1 Test Balls—Official softballs approved for play and
3. Terminology tested in accordance with the following procedures. Perform
ball compression test of Test Method F1888 prior to ball COR
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
test of Test Method F1887.
5.1.1 Compression—350 to 375 lb at 0.25-in. deflection
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports
(1557 to 1668 N at 6.4-mm deflection) in accordance with Test
Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.26 on
Method F1888. Balls to be labeled with compression value.
Baseball and Softball Equipment.
5.1.2 Weight—6.25to6.75oz(177.2to191.4g).Ballstobe
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F1890 – 05. DOI:
labeled with weight value.
10.1520/F1890-09.
5.1.3 Size—12.00 to 12.25-in. (304.8 to 311.1-mm) circum-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ference. Balls to be labeled with size value.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1.4 Core Material—Polyurethane.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1890–09
5.1.5 Ball COR—0.450 to 0.470 in accordance with Test turntable assembly shall be determined and used in the
Method F1887. Balls to be labeled with COR and test speed in performance calcu
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:F1890–05 Designation: F 1890 – 09
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Softball Bat Performance Factor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a method for determining bat performance by measuring the bat-ball coefficient of restitution
(BBCOR), deriving the bat performance factor (BPF) and calculating a batted ball speed (BBS). It is applicable to softball bats
of any construction or material. The method provides a quantitative measure of bat dynamic performance that may be used for
comparison purposes.
1.2 The BBCOR, BPF, and BBS are each calculated from measurements taken in the laboratory on test equipment meeting the
requirements defined in this specification.
1.3The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F 1887 Test Method for Measuring the Coefficient of Restitution (COR) of Baseballs and Softballs
F 1888 Test Method for Compression-Displacement of Baseballs and Softballs
F 2398 Test Method for Measuring Moment of Inertia and Center of Percussion of a Baseball or Softball Bat
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 balance point, n—distance to the center of mass of a bat when measured from the distal end of the bat knob.
3.1.2 bat-ball coeffıcient of restitution (BBCOR), n—COR of a specific ball colliding with a bat as defined in this test method.
See coeffıcient of restitution (COR).
3.1.3 bat performance factor (BPF), n—ratio of BBCOR to ball COR as defined in this test method.
3.1.4 center of percussion (COP), n—also known as the center of oscillation, the length of a simple pendulum with the same
period as a physical pendulum, as in a bat oscillating on a pivot. Forces and impacts at this location will not induce axial reactions
at the pivot point.
3.1.5 coeffıcient of restitution (COR), n— measure of impact efficiency calculated as the relative speed of the objects after
impact divided by the relative speed of the objects before impact.
3.1.6 moment of inertia (MOI), n—measure of mass distribution relative to an axis of rotation. It is the product of the mass
multiplied by the square of the distance to the mass, summed over the entire bat.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method offers a laboratory means to compare the performance of a softball bat.
4.2 Use of this test method can provide sports governing bodies a means to compare calculated BBS and other physical
properties of bats.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.26 on
Baseball and Softball Equipment.
Current edition approved Oct.June 1, 2005.2009. Published November 2005.June 2009. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20042005 as
F 1890 – 045.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1890–09
5. Apparatus
5.1 Test Balls—Official softballs approved for play and tested in accordance with the following procedures. Perform ball
compression test of Test Method F 1888 prior to ball COR test of Test Method F 1887.
5.1.1 Compression—350to375lbat0.25-in.deflection(1557to1668Nat6.4-mmdeflection)inaccordancewithTestMethod
F 1888. Balls to be labeled with compression value.
5.1.2 Weight—6.25 to 6.75 oz (177.2 t
...

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