ASTM F1977-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Initial, Fractional, Filtration Efficiency of a Vacuum Cleaner System
Standard Test Method for Determining Initial, Fractional, Filtration Efficiency of a Vacuum Cleaner System
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is well known that modern electrical appliances, incorporating electric motors that use carbon brushes for commutation, may emit aerosolized, particles into the surrounding environment. This test method determines the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, taking those emissions into consideration.
For all vacuum cleaner systems tested, the total emissions of the unit, whatever the source(s), will be counted at each of the six particle size levels identified in the test procedure. This test method determines the initial, fractional filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, with or without the motor emissions mathematically removed in the calculation of efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to determine the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of household and commercial canister (tank-type), stick, hand-held, upright, and utility vacuum cleaner systems.
1.1.1 Water-filtration vacuum cleaners which do not utilitze a replaceable dry media filter located between the water-based filter and cleaning air exhaust are not included in this test method. It has been determined that the exhaust of these vacuum cleaners is not compatible with the specified discrete particle counter (DPC) procedure.
1.2 The initial, fractional, filtration efficiencies of the entire vacuum cleaner system, at four discrete particle sizes (0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 µm), is derived by counting upstream challenge particles and the constituent of downstream particles while the vacuum cleaner system is being operated in a stationary test condition.
1.3 The vacuum cleaner system is tested at the nozzle under a normal airflow rate equivalent to 150% of the airflow rate produced at the maximum air power point as determined in accordance with Test Method F 558.1.4 The vacuum cleaner system is tested with a new filter(s) installed, and with no preliminary dust loading. The fractional efficiencies determined by this test method shall be considered initial system filtration efficiencies.
1.5 Neutralized potassium chloride (KCl) is used as the challenge media in this test method.
1.6 One or two particle counters may be used to satisfy the requirements of this test method. Both require flow control means to switch between sampling the upstream and downstream air sampling probes.
1.7 To efficiently utilize this test method, automated test equipment and computer automation is recommended.
1.8 Different sampling parameters, flow rates, and so forth, for the specific applications of the equipment and test procedure may provide equivalent results. It is beyond the scope of this test method to define those various possibilities.
1.9 This test method is limited to the test apparatus, or its equivalent, as described in this document.
1.10 This test method is not intended or designed to provide any measure of the health effects or medical aspects of vacuum cleaning.
1.11 This test method is not intended or designed to determine the integrity of HEPA filtration assemblies used in vacuum cleaner systems employed in nuclear and defense facilities.
1.12 The inch-pound system of units is used in this test method, except for the common usage of the micrometer, µm, for the description of particle size which is a SI unit.
1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation:F1977–04
Standard Test Method for
Determining Initial, Fractional, Filtration Efficiency of a
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Vacuum Cleaner System
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1977; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9 This test method is limited to the test apparatus, or its
equivalent, as described in this document.
1.1 This test method may be used to determine the initial,
1.10 This test method is not intended or designed to provide
fractional, filtration efficiency of household and commercial
any measure of the health effects or medical aspects of vacuum
canister (tank-type), stick, hand-held, upright, and utility
cleaning.
vacuum cleaner systems.
1.11 This test method is not intended or designed to
1.1.1 Water-filtration vacuum cleaners which do not utilize
determine the integrity of HEPA filtration assemblies used in
a replaceable dry media filter located between the water-based
vacuum cleaner systems employed in nuclear and defense
filter and cleaning air exhaust are not included in this test
facilities.
method. It has been determined that the exhaust of these
1.12 The inch-pound system of units is used in this test
vacuum cleaners is not compatible with the specified discrete
method, except for the common usage of the micrometer, µm,
particle counter (DPC) procedure.
for the description of particle size which is a SI unit.
1.2 The initial, fractional, filtration efficiencies of the entire
1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the
vacuum cleaner system, at six discrete particle sizes (0.3, 0.5,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
0.7, 1.0, 2.0, and >3 µm), is derived by counting upstream
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
challenge particles and the constituent of downstream particles
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
while the vacuum cleaner system is being operated in a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
stationary test condition.
1.3 The vacuum cleaner system is tested at the nozzle with
2. Referenced Documents
the normal airflow rate produced by restricting the inlet to the
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1 2.1 ASTM Standards:
nozzle adapter with the 1 ⁄4-in. orifice.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.4 The vacuum cleaner system is tested with a new filter(s)
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
installed, and with no preliminary dust loading. The fractional
Atmospheres
efficiencies determined by this test method shall be considered
D3154 Test Method for Average Velocity in a Duct (Pitot
initial system filtration efficiencies. The filters are not changed
Tube Method)
between test runs on the same cleaner.
F50 Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Air-
1.5 Neutralized potassium chloride (KCl) is used as the
borne Particles in Dust-ControlledAreas and Clean Rooms
challenge media in this test method.
Using Instruments Capable of Detecting Single Sub-
1.6 One or two particle counters may be used to satisfy the
Micrometre and Larger Particles
requirements of this test method. If using one counter, flow
F395 Terminology Relating to Vacuum Cleaners
control is required to switch between sampling the upstream
F558 Test Method for Measuring Air Performance Charac-
and downstream air sampling probes.
teristics of Vacuum Cleaners
1.7 To efficiently utilize this test method, automated test
2.2 Other Documents:
equipment and computer automation is recommended.
IES Recommended Practice CC021.1—Testing HEPA and
1.8 Different sampling parameters, flow rates, and so forth,
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ULPA Filter Media
for the specific applications of the equipment and test proce-
IES Recommended Practice CC001.3—HEPA and ULPA
dure may provide equivalent results. It is beyond the scope of
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Filters
this test method to define those various possibilities.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F11 onVacuum contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Cleaners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F11.23 on Filtration. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published March 2004. Originally the ASTM website.
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approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as F1977–99. DOI: Available from the Institute of Environmental Sciences, 940 E. Northwest
10.1520/F1977-04. Highway, Mount Prospect, IL 60056.
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