ASTM D4140-07

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D4140 − 07
StandardGuide for Determining
Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Driers, Drying Oils,
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Naval Stores, and Solvents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D1960 Test Method for Loss on Heating of Drying Oils
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(Withdrawn 2003)
1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of the
proper ASTM test method for determining the volatile and
3. Terminology
nonvolatile content of driers, drying oils, naval stores, and
3.1 Definitions:
solvents.
3.1.1 drier, n—an additive that accelerates the drying of an
NOTE 1—Test methods for determining the composition of the volatile
oil, paint, printing ink, or varnish (from Terminology D16).
fraction are not covered by this guide.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Driers are usually metallic composi-
1.2 The test methods included are as follows:
tions and are available in both solid and liquid forms.
Standard Section ASTM Designation
3.1.2 drying oil, n—an oil that possesses to a marked degree
the property of readily taking up oxygen from wood chiefly of
Driers 5.1 D1644
Drying oils 5.2 D555
the pine species (Genus Pinus) (from Terminology D16).
D1960
3.1.3 naval stores, n—chemically reactive oils, resins, tars,
Naval stores 5.3 D233
D889
andpitchesderivedfromtheoleoresincontainedin,exudedby,
D1131
or extracted from wood chiefly of the pine species (Genus
Solvents 5.4 D1353
Pinus) (from Terminology D804).
2. Referenced Documents
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4. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D16 TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and
4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used to
Applications
determine the total nonvolatile content (solids) of paint and
D233 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Turpentine
related coatings. Such information may be useful to coatings
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D555 Guide for Testing Drying Oils (Withdrawn 2007)
producers and users for the determination of the total solids
D804 Terminology Relating to Naval Stores, Including Tall
available for film formation and for the estimation of the
Oil and Related Products
volatile organic content.
D889 Test Method for Volatile Oil in Rosin
D1131 Test Methods of Testing Rosin Oils (Withdrawn 5. Procedure
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2003)
5.1 Driers—Most liquid driers for use in paints and var-
D1353 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in Volatile Sol-
nishes are sold as solutions, so usually contain significant
vents for Use in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
amounts of solvent. Use Method A in Test Methods D1644 to
Products
determine the nonvolatile content.
D1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Varnishes
5.2 Drying Oils—Test Method D1960 covers the determi-
nation of moisture and any other material that is volatile under
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
the conditions of the test. It is applicable to all natural drying
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
oils. This method should be used only for gross contamination
Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.
with volatile materials. It is not a true loss measure since small
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4140 - 82 (2002).
amountsofoxygenintheinertgasusedwillbeabsorbedbythe
DOI: 10.1520/D4140-07.
oil, resulting in a small gain in weight that may more than
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
offset small losses.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
5.3 Naval Stores:
the ASTM website.
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5.3.1 Rosin—TestMethodD889coversthedeterminationof
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. the volatile oil content of rosin or similar material.The oil may
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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D4140 − 07
consist of naturally occurring terpene oil or of foreign nonter- 5.3.1 through 5.3.3 should be agreed upon between the
pene oil resulting from incomplete removal of solvent used to producer and the user.
extract the resin from wood or still wastes.
5.4 Solvents—Test Method D1353 covers the determination
5.3.2 Rosin Oils—Test Methods D1131, Section 9, covers
of the nonvolatile matter in volatile solvent
...