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ASTM D5402-15

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs

Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Coatings that chemically change during the curing process, such as epoxies, vinyl esters, polyesters, alkyds and urethanes, become more resistant to solvents as they cure. These coatings should reach specific levels of solvent resistance prior to being topcoated and prior to placing in service; the levels of solvent resistance necessary vary with the type of coating and the intended service. Rubbing with a cloth saturated with the appropriate solvent is one way to determine when a specific level of solvent resistance is reached. However, the level of solvent resistance by itself does not indicate full cure and some coatings become solvent resistant before they become sufficiently cured for service.  
4.2 The time required to reach a specific level of solvent resistance can be influenced by temperature, film thickness, air movement and, for water-borne or water-reactive coatings, humidity.  
4.3 The test solvent’s effect upon the coating varies with coating type and solvent used. The coating manufacturer may specify the solvent, the number of double rubs, and the specific test results needed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a solvent rub technique for assessing the solvent resistance of an organic coating that chemically changes during the curing process. This technique can be used in the laboratory, in the field, or in the fabricating shop. Test Method D4752 is the preferred method for ethyl silicate zinc-rich primers.  
1.2 This practice does not specify the solvent, number of double rubs, or expected test results.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Consult the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet for specific hazard information relating to the solvent used.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2015
ICS
25.220.60 - Organic coatings
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.46 - Industrial Protective Coatings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5402-06(2011) - Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D5498-12a(2018) - Standard Guide for Developing a Training Program for Personnel Performing Coating and Lining Work Inspection for Nuclear Facilities
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D7270-07(2021) - Standard Guide for Environmental and Performance Verification of Factory-Applied Liquid Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D4752-20 - Standard Practice for Measuring MEK Resistance of Ethyl Silicate (Inorganic) Zinc-Rich Primers by Solvent Rub
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D3276-21 - Standard Guide for Painting Inspectors (Metal Substrates)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D7835/D7835M-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Solvent Resistance of an Organic Coating Using a Mechanical Rubbing Machine
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D7868-21 - Standard Practice for Determining the Dry Fall (Fog) Properties of Protective Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015

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ASTM D5402-15 - Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent RubsASTM D5402-15 - Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs
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REDLINE ASTM D5402-15 - Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent RubsREDLINE ASTM D5402-15 - Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs
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REDLINE ASTM D5402-15 - Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5402 − 15
Standard Practice for
Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings
1
Using Solvent Rubs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5402; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4752 Practice for Measuring MEK Resistance of Ethyl
Silicate (Inorganic) Zinc-Rich Primers by Solvent Rub
1.1 This practice describes a solvent rub technique for
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
assessing the solvent resistance of an organic coating that
Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
chemically changes during the curing process. This technique
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
can be used in the laboratory, in the field, or in the fabricating
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
shop. Test Method D4752 is the preferred method for ethyl
silicate zinc-rich primers.
3. Terminology
1.2 This practice does not specify the solvent, number of
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
double rubs, or expected test results.
3.1.1 double rub, n—the act of rubbing a cloth in one
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
complete forward and back motion over a coated surface.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Significance and Use
only.
4.1 Coatings that chemically change during the curing
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
process, such as epoxies, vinyl esters, polyesters, alkyds and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
urethanes, become more resistant to solvents as they cure.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
These coatings should reach specific levels of solvent resis-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tance prior to being topcoated and prior to placing in service;
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Consult the
the levels of solvent resistance necessary vary with the type of
supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for specific hazard information
coating and the intended service. Rubbing with a cloth satu-
relating to the solvent used.
rated with the appropriate solvent is one way to determine
whenaspecificlevelofsolventresistanceisreached.However,
2. Referenced Documents
the level of solvent resistance by itself does not indicate full
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cure and some coatings become solvent resistant before they
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
become sufficiently cured for service.
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
4.2 The time required to reach a specific level of solvent
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
resistance can be influenced by temperature, film thickness, air
D740 Specification for Methyl Ethyl Ketone
movement and, for water-borne or water-reactive coatings,
D843 Specification for Nitration Grade Xylene
humidity.
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
D4138 Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of
4.3 The test solvent’s effect upon the coating varies with
Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-
coating type and solvent used. The coating manufacturer may
Sectioning Means
specify the solvent, the number of double rubs, and the specific
test results needed.
5. Materials and Equipment
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
5.1 Solvent:
Subcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.
5.1.1 Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), conforming to Specifi-
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
cation D740,or
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5402 – 06 (2011).
DOI: 10.1520/D5402-15.
5.1.2 Mineral Spirits, conforming to Specification D235,or
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1.3 Xylene, conforming to Specification D843,or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1.4 Other Solvents, as specified by the coating manufac-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. turer or user.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5402 − 15
5.2 100 % Cotton, Shop Cloth or Cheesecloth. Cheesecloth hardness and visual changes in appearance, comparing the
is for coil coatings, mesh grade 28 by 24. Approximately 300 rubbed area with an adjacent unrubbed area. Gloss and
by 300 mm (12 by 12 in.) and con
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5402 − 06 (Reapproved 2011) D5402 − 15
Standard Practice for
Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings
1
Using Solvent Rubs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5402; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes a solvent rub technique for assessing the solvent resistance of an organic coating that chemically
changes during the curing process. This technique can be used in the laboratory, in the field, or in the fabricating shop. Test Method
D4752 is the preferred method for ethyl silicate zinc-rich primers.
1.2 This practice does not specify the solvent, number of double rubs, or expected test results.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Consult the supplier’s Material supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for specific hazard information relating to the
solvent used.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D740 Specification for Methyl Ethyl Ketone
D843 Specification for Nitration Grade Xylene
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
D4138 Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning
Means
D4752 Practice for Measuring MEK Resistance of Ethyl Silicate (Inorganic) Zinc-Rich Primers by Solvent Rub
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals
and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 double rub, n—the act of rubbing a cloth in one complete forward and back motion over a coated surface.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Coatings that chemically change during the curing process, such as epoxies, vinyl esters, polyesters, alkyds and urethanes,
become more resistant to solvents as they cure. These coatings should reach specific levels of solvent resistance prior to being
topcoated and prior to placing in service; the levels of solvent resistance necessary vary with the type of coating and the intended
service. Rubbing with a cloth saturated with the appropriate solvent is one way to determine when a specific level of solvent
resistance is reached. However, the level of solvent resistance by itself does not indicate full cure and some coatings become
solvent resistant before they become sufficiently cured for service.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011June 1, 2015. Published August 2011June 2015. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
D5402 - 06D5402 – 06 (2011). DOI: 10.1520/D5402-06R11.10.1520/D5402-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5402 − 15
4.2 The time required to reach a specific level of solvent resistance can be influenced by temperature, film thickness, air
movement and, for water-borne or water-reactive coatings, humidity.
4.3 The test solvent’ssolvent’s effect upon the coating varies with coating type and solvent used. The coating manufacturer may
specify the solvent, the number of double rubs, and the specific test results needed.
5. Materials and Equipment
5.1 Solvent:
5.1.1 Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), conforming to Specification D740, or
5.1.2 Mineral Spirits, conforming to Spe
...

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ASTM D7835/D7835M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Solvent Resistance of an Organic Coating Using a Mechanical Rubbing Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many coatings used in the coil coating and other industries achieve a degree of solvent resistance after they have experienced a bake condition characterized by exposure to elevated temperatures in an oven over time. Insufficient bake, or occasionally over bake, may affect the intended chemical bonds or physical curing of the film and result in reduced solvent resistance.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for rapid, inexpensive determination of the film hardness of an organic coating on a metal or similarly hard substrate in terms of drawing leads or pencil leads of known hardness.  
1.2 This test method is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 15184.
Note 1: Other procedures are available to measure permanent deformation of organic coatings under the action of a single point (stylus tip) including but not limited to Test Methods D2197, D5178, and G171.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D6991-17(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurements of Internal Stresses in Organic Coatings by Cantilever (Beam) Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Stresses in coatings arise as a result of their shrinkage or expansion if expected movements are prevented by coating adhesion to its substrate.  
5.2 There are several causes leading to arrival of stresses in the coatings: film formation (cross-linking, solvent evaporation, etc.); differences in thermal expansion coefficients between coating and substrate; humidity and water absorption; environmental effects (ultraviolet radiation, temperature and humidity), and others.  
5.3 Knowledge of the internal stresses in coatings is very important because they may effect coating performance and service life. If the internal stress exceeds the tensile strength of the film, cracks are formed. If stress exceeds adhesion between coating and substrate, it will reduce adhesion and can lead to delamination of coatings. Quantitative information about stresses in coatings can be useful in coating formulation and recommendations for their application and use.  
5.4 This method has been found useful for air-dry industrial organic coatings but the applicability has not yet been assessed for thin coatings (thickness
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for measurements of internal stresses in organic coatings by using the cantilever (beam) method.  
1.2 This method is appropriate for the coatings for which the modulus of elasticity of substrate (Es) is significantly greater than the modulus of elasticity of coating (Ec) and for which the thickness of substrate is significantly greater than thickness of coating (see Note 7 and Note 8).  
1.3 The stress values are limited by the adhesion values of coating to the substrate and by the tensile strength of the coating, or both.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2370-16(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tensile properties determined by this method are of value in studying the behavior of coatings subjected to environmental stresses, such as those produced by aging and weathering. (See Refs. (1-10).)4  
5.2 Tensile properties may vary with specimen thickness, method of preparation, gage length, rate of load application, tensile tester response, and type of grips used. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elongation, tensile strength, and stiffness (modulus of elasticity) of organic coatings when tested as free films.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
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