ASTM F747-23

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Designation: F747 − 22 F747 − 23
Standard Terminology Relating to
Amusement Rides and Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F747; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology is a repository of terms approved by Committee F24 and its subcommittees. Reproducing terms approved
within all other individual F24 standards and guides, this terminology will provide a single location where terms related to
amusement rides and devices are freely accessible to the public, committee members and can be maintained, updated and utilized
as effective communication tools. Although published alphabetically, terms unique to a specific F24 standard or guide are indicated
as such by the reference which follows the applicable term.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F2375 Practice for Design, Manufacture, Installation and Testing of Climbing Nets and Netting/Mesh used in Amusement Rides,
Devices, Play Areas and Attractions
F2376 Practice for Classification, Design, Manufacture, Construction, and Operation of Water Slide Systems
F2959 Practice for Aerial Adventure Courses
F2970 Practice for Design, Manufacture, Installation, Operation, Maintenance, Inspection and Major Modification of
Trampoline Courts
F3168 Practice for Hayride Attractions
3. Terminology
acceleration, impact—those accelerations with duration of less than 200 ms.
acceleration, sustained—those accelerations with duration greater than or equal to 200 ms.
accepted engineering practice—that which conforms to accepted principles, tests, or standards of nationally recognized
technical or scientific authorities.
aerial trekking course—self-guided aerial adventure course containing elements intended to be obstacles. F2959
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F24 on Amusement Rides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.20 on
Specifications and Terminology.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2022June 15, 2023. Published January 2023July 2023. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 20212022 as
F747 – 21a.F747 – 22. DOI: 10.1520/F0747-22.10.1520/F0747-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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F747 − 23
agritourism—the act of conducting an activity for the enjoyment of the public that is related in some way to agriculture. F3168
air-supported structure—an amusement device that incorporates a structural and mechanical system and employs a
high-strength fabric or film that achieves its strength, shape, and stability by pretensioning with internal air pressure, all of which
are intended to provide an enclosed area for the self enjoyment of those so confined within.
aliasing—a phenomenon associated with sampled data systems, wherein a signal containing significant energy at frequencies
greater than one half of the system sample frequency manifests itself in the sampled data as a lower frequency (aliased) signal.
Aliasing can be avoided only by limiting the frequency content of the signal prior to the sampling process. Once a signal has
been aliased, it is not possible to reconstruct the original signal from the sampled data.
amusement railway ride—an amusement ride that may have multiple vehicles (for example, locomotive(s), coach(es), etc.)
linked together, at least one of which has on board mechanical propulsion that has an on board operator(s), utilizing flanged
wheels on railroad type rails with a gauge of 12 in. or greater, that is insular to national regulations, which is designated by the
Designer/Engineer as an amusement railway ride.
amusement ride or amusement device—a device or combination of devices or elements that carry, convey, or direct a person(s)
over or through a fixed or restricted course or within a defined area, for the primary purpose of amusement or entertainment.
assembly area—a designated area primarily used for mounting or dismounting the trampoline court. F2970
calibration constant—the arithmetic mean of the sensitivity coefficients, evaluated at frequencies that are evenly spaced on a
logarithmic scale between FL and FH.
calibration value—the ratio of the reference calibration system output, in engineering units relevant to the transducer, to the
data channel output, in volts, as measured at constant excitation frequency and amplitude.
canopy tour—aerial adventure course which provides patron access to the canopy of a forest. F2959
carnival—a mobile enterprise principally devoted to offering amusement or entertainment to the public in, upon, or by means
of portable amusement rides or devices or temporary structures in any number or combination, whether or not associated with
other structures or forms of public attraction.
challenge course—guided aerial adventure course containing elements intended to be obstacles. F2959
channel frequency class (CFC)—a frequency response envelope that conforms to Fig. 1 and is referred to by the value FH in
hertz. The CFC frequency response envelope is defined by the boundaries shown in Fig. 1 and the following characteristic
frequencies:
F —Pass band lower limit (hertz). Always equal to zero (0.0) hertz.
L
F —Pass band upper limit (hertz). The CFC designator.
H
F —The corner or knee of the frequency response envelope. Always equal to or greater than 1.667 × FH.
N
F —The minimum sample frequency for a sampled data system that corresponds to the designated CFC. Always equal to or
S
greater than 12 × FH.
DISCUSSION—
FL, FH, FN, and FS are always specified in hertz. While the characteristics of the CFC may be applied to individual components of a data channel,
the CFC is, by definition, the frequency response envelope of the entire data channel from the mounted transducer to the final representation of the
acquired data.
children zone—a trampoline court, an area within a trampoline court, or an area adjacent to a trampoline court designated by
the designer/engineer, manufacturer, or owner/operator primarily for use, activity, entry, or dismount by young children. F2970
F747 − 23
FIG. 1 Frequency Response Envelope
circular ride—an amusement ride whose motion is primarily rotary in a fixed or variable plane from horizontal to 45° above
horizontal.
concession go-kart—an amusement ride or device, which meets all of the following specifications: the device is a single
vehicle, unattached to other vehicles or a common frame system, which is powered without connection to a common energy
source, which is driver controlled with respect to acceleration, speed, braking, and steering, which operates within the
containment system of a defined track, and which simulates competitive motor sports, which is used by members of the general
public for a fee. A concession go-kart has a maximum capacity of two persons and no cargo capacity.
DISCUSSION—
This definition specifically excludes similar go-kart devices that are intended for use as competitive (racing) karts or similar go-kart devices intended
for ownership and use by private owners. This definition specifically excludes devices, such as electronically or rail guided amusement rides and
bumper cars or other similar amusement motor sports devices that operate under circumstances where there is no defined direction of travel.
concession go-kart attendant—the person or persons whose duties may include but are not limited to the instruction, dispatch,
and limitation of ride duration of persons driving concession go-karts.
containment system—a device installed on the concession go-kart track, which defines the boundaries of the track, and whose
primary purpose is to contain the vehicles within the defined boundary.
control access system—a device, barrier or mechanism that prohibits unauthorized activation of a ride or device control system.
control station—a location where buttons, switches or other controls are provided for the purpose of operating ride equipment.
coordinate system—three orthogonal axes that intersect at an origin whose positive directions correspond to the right-hand rule.
measurement coordinate system—a coordinate system that provides the reference axes and sign convention for the test data
record(s).
patron coordinate system—a coordinate system that is fixed with respect to the human upper torso and oriented as in Fig. 2.
vehicle coordinate system—a coordinate system that is fixed with respect to the ride or device being tested.
F747 − 23
FIG. 2 Patron Coordinate System
court attendant—individual trained in facility emergency procedures, familiar with fundamental trampolining and TC foam pit
operations, monitoring patrons and responding to TC trampoline, and TC foam pit emergencies. F2970
data channel—the entire instrumentation system for a single channel of data acquisition; from the transducer to the final
representation of the data, including all post-acquisition data processing that may alter the amplitude or frequency content of the
data.
data channel full scale—the maximum usable value, in units of the physical phenomenon being measured, that may be
represented by a data channel. This value is determined by the data channel component with the lowest full-scale range.
designer/engineer—party(s) that establishes and describes the configuration of the amusement ride or device, establishes
strength and fatigue life, designs and develops electrical/electronic control systems, and defines inspection criteria.
F747 − 23
dismount platform—any surface for standing, walking, sitting, or climbing, or a flat surface larger than 2.0 in. (51 mm) wide
by 2.0 in. (51 mm) long having less than 30° angle from horizontal. F2970
driver—the person who manipulates and controls the direction of travel, braking, and speed of a concession go-kart.
engineer—an engineer as defined by and licensed in accordance with the applicable provincial or territorial statute.
fail-safe—characteristic of an amusement ride or device, or component thereof, that is designed such that the normal and
expected failure mode results in a safe condition.
fence—a type of barrier consisting of, but not limited to, posts, boards, wire, stakes, or rails that is used to inhibit patrons from
coming into contact with the moving portion or restricted portion of an amusement ride or device.
filter corner frequency (Fn)—with reference to a low-pass filter, Fn is the frequency (specified in Hz) where the frequency
response curve of the filter has magnitude of –3 dB.
flat-ride—an amusement ride that operates on a single level whether over a controlled, fixed course or track, or confined to a
limited area of operation.
force limiting—when pertaining to restraint devices, a characteristic that, regardless of the amount of force available from the
system actuators, limits the amount of force applied to the patron(s).
free-run time—a period of time during the ride cycle when no energy is added to the ride vehicle.
full-scale—the maximum usable value, in units of the physical phenomenon being measured, which may be represented by a
data channel or some component thereof.
fun kart—a motorized vehicle with four wheels, sold commercially as consumer goods and intended for private personal
recreational use by the consumers for off-road use on suitable terrain, as recommended by the manufacturer.
“g”—the standard acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the earth. Defined as 32.2 ft/s/s or 9.81 m/s/s.
hayride attraction—an experience in which passengers board a wagon or trailer, typically a wagon filled with straw or hay, and
are taken on a set course. F3168
high ride—an amusement ride whose motion is in a fixed or variable plane from horizontal to vertical.
illness—personal discomfort resulting in treatment including a personal illness, food poisoning, drug abuse, toxic inhalation,
insect sting, or other similar occurrence.
inflatable amusement device—an amusement ride or device designed for use that may include but not be limited to bounce,
climb, slide, or interactive play. They are made of flexible fabric, kept inflated by continuous air flow by one or more blowers,
and rely upon air pressure to maintain their shape.
injury—sustained bodily harm resulting in treatment such as trauma, cuts, bruises, bu
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