ASTM C1924-23
(Practice)Standard Practice for Design of Buried Precast Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe
Standard Practice for Design of Buried Precast Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the design of buried precast concrete low head pressure pipe having a circular shape and manufactured in accordance with Specification C361/C361M subject to internal pressure not exceeding a pressure head of 125 ft (54 psi), or as otherwise limited herein.
1.2 When buried, concrete pipe is part of a composite system comprised of the pipe and the surrounding soil envelope. Both the pipe and soil envelope contribute to the strength and structural behavior of the system.
1.3 This practice presents the method for evaluating the effects of external loads combined with internal pressure on buried precast concrete low-head pressure pipe manufactured per Specification C361/C361M. This method includes an analysis that accounts for the interaction between the pipe and soil envelope in determining external loads, earth pressure distributions, and the moments, thrusts, and shears for the pipe. It also includes a detailed procedure for designing reinforcement for these installations.
1.4 Construction requirements for precast concrete low-head pressure pipe are in accordance with Specification C361/C361M.
1.5 This practice may be used as a reference by the owner and the owner's engineer in preparing project specifications for low head pressure pipe.
1.6 The design procedures given in this standard are intended for use by engineers who are familiar with the installation and pipe characteristics that affect the structural behavior of buried concrete pipe installations and the significance of the installation requirements.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1924 − 23
Standard Practice for
Design of Buried Precast Concrete Low-Head Pressure
1
Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1924; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This practice covers the design of buried precast con-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
crete low head pressure pipe having a circular shape and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
manufactured in accordance with Specification C361/C361M
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
subject to internal pressure not exceeding a pressure head of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
125 ft (54 psi), or as otherwise limited herein.
1.2 When buried, concrete pipe is part of a composite 2. Referenced Documents
system comprised of the pipe and the surrounding soil enve- 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
lope. Both the pipe and soil envelope contribute to the strength
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and
and structural behavior of the system.
Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for
1.3 This practice presents the method for evaluating the Concrete
effects of external loads combined with internal pressure on C361/C361M Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-
Head Pressure Pipe
buried precast concrete low-head pressure pipe manufactured
per Specification C361/C361M. This method includes an C443 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and
Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets
analysis that accounts for the interaction between the pipe and
soil envelope in determining external loads, earth pressure C655 Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
distributions, and the moments, thrusts, and shears for the pipe.
It also includes a detailed procedure for designing reinforce- C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
Products
ment for these installations.
D2487 Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering
1.4 Construction requirements for precast concrete low-
Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
head pressure pipe are in accordance with Specification C361/
D2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
C361M.
(Visual-Manual Procedures)
3
1.5 This practice may be used as a reference by the owner
2.2 ASCE Standards:
and the owner’s engineer in preparing project specifications for
ASCE 15 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried
low head pressure pipe.
Precast Concrete Pipe Using Standard Installations
(SIDD)
1.6 The design procedures given in this standard are in-
4
tended for use by engineers who are familiar with the instal- 2.3 AASHTO Documents:
LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
lation and pipe characteristics that affect the structural behavior
5
of buried concrete pipe installations and the significance of the 2.4 AREMA Documents:
Railroad Engineering Manual
installation requirements.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
the ASTM website.
3
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander
Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org.
4
Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.04 on Low Head http://www.transportation.org.
5
Pressure Pipe. Available from American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2023. Published September 2023. DOI: Association (AREMA), 4501 Forbes Blvd., Suite 130, Lanham, MD 20706,
10.1520/C1924-23. https://www.arema.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- P
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1924 − 23
Standard Practice for
Design of Buried Precast Concrete Low-Head Pressure
1
Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1924; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This practice covers the design of buried precast con-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
crete low head pressure pipe having a circular shape and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
manufactured in accordance with Specification C361/C361M
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
subject to internal pressure not exceeding a pressure head of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
125 ft (54 psi), or as otherwise limited herein.
1.2 When buried, concrete pipe is part of a composite 2. Referenced Documents
2
system comprised of the pipe and the surrounding soil enve-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
lope. Both the pipe and soil envelope contribute to the strength
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and
and structural behavior of the system.
Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for
1.3 This practice presents the method for evaluating the Concrete
effects of external loads combined with internal pressure on C361/C361M Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-
buried precast concrete low-head pressure pipe manufactured Head Pressure Pipe
C443 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and
per Specification C361/C361M. This method includes an
analysis that accounts for the interaction between the pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets
C655 Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load
soil envelope in determining external loads, earth pressure
distributions, and the moments, thrusts, and shears for the pipe. Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
It also includes a detailed procedure for designing reinforce-
ment for these installations. Products
D2487 Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering
1.4 Construction requirements for precast concrete low-
Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
head pressure pipe are in accordance with Specification C361/
D2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
C361M.
(Visual-Manual Procedures)
3
1.5 This practice may be used as a reference by the owner
2.2 ASCE Standards:
and the owner’s engineer in preparing project specifications for
ASCE 15 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried
low head pressure pipe.
Precast Concrete Pipe Using Standard Installations
1.6 The design procedures given in this standard are in- (SIDD)
4
2.3 AASHTO Documents:
tended for use by engineers who are familiar with the instal-
lation and pipe characteristics that affect the structural behavior LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
5
2.4 AREMA Documents:
of buried concrete pipe installations and the significance of the
installation requirements. Railroad Engineering Manual
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
the ASTM website.
3
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander
Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org.
4
Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.04 on Low Head http://www.transportation.org.
5
Pressure Pipe. Available from American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2023. Published September 2023. DOI: Association (AREMA), 4501 Forbes Blvd., Suite 130, Lanham, MD 20706,
10.1520/C1924-23. https://www.arema.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1924 − 23
6
2.5 AWWA Documents: internal hydrostatic pressure is measured from the springline of
Manual M9 Des
...
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