ASTM C40/C40M-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates for Concrete
Standard Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates for Concrete
SCOPE
This test method is used in making a preliminary determination of the acceptability of fine aggregates with respect to the requirements of Specification C33 that relate to organic impurities.
The principal value of this test method is to furnish a warning that injurious amounts of organic impurities may be present. When a sample subjected to this test produces a color darker than the standard color it is advisable to perform the test for the effect of organic impurities on the strength of mortar in accordance with Test Method C87.
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Designation: C40/C40M − 11 American Association State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates for Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C40/C40M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for an approxi- 3.1 This test method is used in making a preliminary
mate determination of the presence of injurious organic impu- determination of the acceptability of fine aggregates with
rities in fine aggregates that are to be used in hydraulic cement respect to the requirements of Specification C33 that relate to
mortar or concrete. One procedure uses a standard color organic impurities.
solution and the other uses a glass color standard.
3.2 The principal value of this test method is to furnish a
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units warning that injurious amounts of organic impurities may be
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in present. When a sample subjected to this test produces a color
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each darker than the standard color it is advisable to perform the test
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining for the effect of organic impurities on the strength of mortar in
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance accordance with Test Method C87.
with the standard.
4. Apparatus
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4.1 Glass Bottles—Colorless glass graduated bottles, ap-
proximately 240 to 470-mL [8 to 16-oz] nominal capacity,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- equipped with watertight stoppers or caps, not soluble in the
specified reagents. In no case shall the maximum outside
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
thickness of the bottles, measured along the line of sight used
2. Referenced Documents for the color comparison, be greater than 63.5 mm [2.5 in.] or
2 lessthan38.1mm[1.5in.].Thegraduationsonthebottlesshall
2.1 ASTM Standards:
be in millilitres, or ounces (U.S. fluid), except that unmarked
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
bottles may be calibrated and scribed with graduations by the
C87 Test Method for Effect of Organic Impurities in Fine
user. In such case, graduation marks are required at only three
Aggregate on Strength of Mortar
points as follows:
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
4.1.1 Standard Color Solution Level—75 mL [2.5 oz (U.S.
gregates
fluid)],
C702 PracticeforReducingSamplesofAggregatetoTesting
4.1.2 Fine Aggregate Level—130 mL [4.5 oz (U.S. fluid)],
Size
and
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
4.1.3 NaOH Solution Level—200 mL [7 oz (U.S. fluid)].
D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gard-
4.2 Glass Color Standard
ner Color Scale)
4.2.1 Glass standard colors shall be used as described in
Table 1 of Test Method D1544.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
NOTE 1—A suitable instrument consists of five glass color standards
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
mounted in a plastic holder. Only the glass identified as Gardner Color
C09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates.
Standard No. 11 is to be used as the Glass Color Standard in 9.2.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally
approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C40–04. DOI:
5. Reagent and Standard Color Solution
10.1520/C0040_C0040M-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 Reagent Sodium Hydroxide Solution (3%)—Dissolve 3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
partsbymassofreagentgradesodiumhydroxide(NaOH)in97
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. parts of water.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C40/C40M − 11
5.2 StandardColorSolution—Dissolve reagent grade potas- sample with the color of light transmitted through the standard
siumdichromate(K Cr O )inconcentratedsulfuricacid(spgr color solution. Record whether the color of the
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
American Association State
Designation:C40–04 Designation:C40/C40M–11 Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates for Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C40/C40M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for an approximate determination of the presence of injurious organic impurities
in fine aggregates that are to be used in hydraulic cement mortar or concrete. One procedure uses a standard color solution and
the other uses a glass color standard.
1.2The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C87 Test Method for Effect of Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregate on Strength of Mortar
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is used in making a preliminary determination of the acceptability of fine aggregates with respect to the
requirements of Specification C33 that relate to organic impurities.
3.2 The principal value of this test method is to furnish a warning that injurious amounts of organic impurities may be present.
When a sample subjected to this test produces a color darker than the standard color it is advisable to perform the test for the effect
of organic impurities on the strength of mortar in accordance with Test Method C87.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Glass Bottles—Colorless glass graduated bottles, approximately 240 to 470-mL (8[8 to 16-oz)16-oz] nominal capacity,
equipped with watertight stoppers or caps, not soluble in the specified reagents. In no case shall the maximum outside thickness
of the bottles, measured along the line of sight used for the color comparison, be greater than 63.5 mm (2.5 in.)[2.5 in.] or less
than 38.1 mm (1.5 in.).[1.5 in.]. The graduations on the bottles shall be in millilitres, or ounces (U.S. fluid), except that unmarked
bottles may be calibrated and scribed with graduations by the user. In such case, graduation marks are required at only three points
as follows:
1
4.1.1 Standard Color Solution Level—75 mL (2 ⁄2 oz (U.S. fluid)), —75 mL [2.5 oz (U.S. fluid)],
1
4.1.2 Fine Aggregate Level—130 mL (4 ⁄2 oz (U.S. fluid)), and —130 mL [4.5 oz (U.S. fluid)], and
4.1.3 NaOH Solution Level—200 mL (7 oz (U.S. fluid)). —200 mL [7 oz (U.S. fluid)].
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.20 on
Normal Weight Aggregates.
Current edition approved Jan.April 1, 2004.2011. Published January 2004.June 2011. Originally approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 19992004 as
C40–99.C40–04. DOI: 10.1520/C0040-_C0040M-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C40/C40M–11
4.2 Glass Color Standard
4.2.1 Glass standard colors shall be used as described in Table 1 of Test Method D1544.
NOTE 1—A suitabl
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